基于自适应经济下垂控制的微电网分布式经济控制
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摘要
在孤岛微电网中,传统下垂控制按分布式能源的容量比分配有功功率,容易使微电网的整体运行成本偏高。为有效降低系统运行成本,依据等微增率准则提出一种基于边际成本的经济下垂控制框架,在该框架下分布式能源能够按照等边际成本出力。考虑到分布式能源的最大出力限制,提出基于一致性的分布式自适应控制器,将功率稳定在最大值,从而退出边际成本一致性。提出一种分布式二次频率控制器有效恢复孤岛微电网的频率。仿真结果证明了所提控制器的有效性以及抗通信失败的性能。
In island microgrid,the traditional droop control allocates active power according to the capacity ratio of distributed energy,which may easily cause high overall operation cost of microgrid. In order to effectively reduce the system operation cost,an economic droop control framework based on the marginal cost is proposed according to the equal incremental criterion,in which the outputs of distributed energies are corresponding to the equal marginal costs. Considering the maximum output limitation of distributed energy,the distributed adaptive controller based on the consistency is proposed to stabilize the power at the maximum value to exit the marginal cost consistency. A distributed secondary frequency controller is proposed to effectively recover the frequency of island microgrid. Simulative results verify the effectiveness of the proposed controller and the performance against communication failures.
In island microgrid,the traditional droop control allocates active power according to the capacity ratio of distributed energy,which may easily cause high overall operation cost of microgrid. In order to effectively reduce the system operation cost,an economic droop control framework based on the marginal cost is proposed according to the equal incremental criterion,in which the outputs of distributed energies are corresponding to the equal marginal costs. Considering the maximum output limitation of distributed energy,the distributed adaptive controller based on the consistency is proposed to stabilize the power at the maximum value to exit the marginal cost consistency. A distributed secondary frequency controller is proposed to effectively recover the frequency of island microgrid. Simulative results verify the effectiveness of the proposed controller and the performance against communication failures.
引文
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[15] SIMPSON J W,SHAFIEE Q,DORFLER F,et al. Secondary frequency and voltage control of islanded microgrids via distributed averaging[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2015,62(11):7025-7038.
[16] WANG Z,WU W,ZHANG B. A fully distributed power dispatch me-thod for fast frequency recovery and minimal generation cost in autonomous microgrids[J]. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2015,7(1):19-31.
[17] SHAFIEE Q,GUERRERO J M,VASQUEZ J C. Distributed secon-dary control for islanded microgrids-a novel approach[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2013,29(2):1018-1031.
[2] 黄骏翅,曾江,杨林,等. 低压微网逆变器自适应谐波下垂控制策略[J]. 电力自动化设备,2018,38(5):204-226.HUANG Junchi,ZENG Jiang,YANG Lin,et al. Adaptive harmonic droop control strategy of low-voltage microgrid inverter[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment,2018,38(5):204-226.
[3] LI C,BOSIO F,CHEN F,et al. Economic dispatch for operating cost minimization under real-time pricing in droop-controlled DC microgrid[J]. IEEE Journal of Emerging & Selected Topics in Power Electronics,2016,5(1):587-595.
[4] 杨家豪. 基于一致性算法的孤岛型微电网群实时协同功率分配[J]. 电力系统自动化,2017,41(5):8-15.YANG Jiahao. Consensus algorithm based real-time collaborative power dispatch for island multi-microgrid[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(5):8-15.
[5] GUO F,WEN C,MAO J,et al. Distributed economic dispatch for smart grids with random wind power[J]. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2016,7(3):1572-1583.
[6] NUTKANI I U,LOH P C,BLAABJERG F. Droop scheme with consideration of operating costs[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2013,29(3):1047-1052.
[7] NUTKANI I U,LOH P C,WANG P,et al. Autonomous droop scheme with reduced generation cost[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2014,61(12):6803-6811.
[8] NUTKANI I U,LOH P C,BLAABJERG F. Cost-based droop scheme with lower generation costs for microgrids[J]. IET Power Electronics,2014,7(5):1171-1180.
[9] XIN H,ZHANG L,WANG Z,et al. Control of island AC microgrids using a fully distributed approach[J]. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2015,6(2):943-945.
[10] 苏晨,吴在军,吕振宇,等. 基于边际成本下垂控制的自治微电网分布式经济运行控制[J]. 电力自动化设备,2016,36(11):59-66.SU Chen,WU Zaijun,Lü Zhenyu,et al. Droop control based on marginal cost for distributed economic operation of islanded microgrid[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment,2016,36(11):59-66.
[11] ZHANG Z,YING X,CHOW M Y. Decentralizing the economic dispatch problem using a two-level incremental cost consensus algorithm in a smart grid environment[C]//Proceedings of 2011 North American Power Symposium. Boston,USA:IEEE,2011:1-7.
[12] 王逸超,谢欣涛,陈仲伟,等. 不同容量微网逆变器的自适应虚拟阻抗运行策略[J]. 电力自动化设备,2018,38(6):29-33.WANG Yichao,XIE Xintao,CHEN Zhongwei,et al. Adaptive virtual impedance operation strategy of microgrid inverters with different capacities[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment,2018,38(6):29-33.
[13] GUERRERO J M,VICUNA G D,MATAS J,et al. Output impedance design of parallel-connected UPS inverters with wireless load-sharing control[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2005,52(4):1126-1135.
[14] SCHIFFER J,SEEL T,RAISCH J,et al. Voltage stability and reactive power sharing in inverter-based microgrids with consensusba-sed distributed voltage control[J]. IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology,2015,24(1):96-109.
[15] SIMPSON J W,SHAFIEE Q,DORFLER F,et al. Secondary frequency and voltage control of islanded microgrids via distributed averaging[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2015,62(11):7025-7038.
[16] WANG Z,WU W,ZHANG B. A fully distributed power dispatch me-thod for fast frequency recovery and minimal generation cost in autonomous microgrids[J]. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2015,7(1):19-31.
[17] SHAFIEE Q,GUERRERO J M,VASQUEZ J C. Distributed secon-dary control for islanded microgrids-a novel approach[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2013,29(2):1018-1031.