破壁灵芝孢子粉对虚热证和虚寒证小鼠环核苷酸水平及免疫功能的影响
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摘要
目的研究破壁灵芝孢子粉(Sporoderm-broken Spores of Ganoderma Lucidum,SSGL)对虚热和虚寒证小鼠环核苷酸水平及免疫功能的影响。方法健康雄性昆明小鼠适应性喂养一周后随机分组,用甲状腺素、氢化可的松分别制备小鼠虚热、虚寒模型,各组给予相应药物后观察破壁灵芝孢子粉对虚热和虚寒证小鼠血清环磷酸腺苷(cyclic adenosine monophosphate,cAMP)、环磷酸鸟苷(cyclic guanosine monophosphate,cGMP)、cAMP/cGMP、白介素-2(interleukin-2,IL-2)、白介素-4(interleukin-4,IL-4)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-alpha,TNF-α)等的影响。结果与虚热模型组比,破壁灵芝孢子粉高剂量能升高小鼠体重、胸腺和脾脏指数(P<0.05),并降低小鼠血清中cAMP、cGMP、cAMP/cGMP值(P<0.05);破壁灵芝孢子粉低剂量升高小鼠脾脏指数、血清中cAMP、cGMP、IL-2、TNF-α值(P<0.05),降低IL-4值(P<0.01)。与虚寒模型组比,破壁灵芝孢子粉高、低剂量均能升高小鼠的体重、免疫脏器指数、血清中cAMP、cGMP、cAMP/cGMP、IL-2、TNF-α值(P<0.05),并降低小鼠血清中IL-4值(P<0.05)。结论破壁灵芝孢子粉能降低虚热证小鼠环核苷酸水平,升高虚寒证小鼠环核苷酸水平,具有"平"性药"双向适用,条件显性"药性特点;同时破壁灵芝孢子粉性平偏温,味甘能补,具有扶正固本功效,能调节虚热和虚寒证小鼠免疫功能。
Objective To study the effects of sporoderm-broken spores of Ganoderma lucidum(SSGL) on cyclic nucleotide levels and immune function of mice with deficiency-heat syndrome and deficiency-cold syndrome. Methods Healthy male Kunming mice were randomly divided into groups after 1 week of adaptive feeding, and the deficiency-heat model and deficiency-cold model were set up by giving thyroid hormone and hydrocortisone respectively. After each group was given the corresponding drug, the effects of SSGL on cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP), cyclic guanosine monophosphate(cGMP), cAMP/cGMP, interleukin-2(IL-2), interleukin-4(IL-4) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α) in serum were observed in mice with deficiency-heat syndrome and deficiency-cold syndrome. Results Compared with the deficiency-heat model group, high dose of SSGL could increase body weight, thymus and spleen indexes in mice(P<0.05), and decrease the cAMP, cGMP and cAMP/cGMP value of mice serum(P<0.05); while low dose of SSGL increased the spleen index and the serum cAMP, cGMP, IL-2 and TNF-α values of mice(P<0.05), and decreased the IL-4 value(P<0.05). Compared with the deficiency-cold model group, both high dose and low dose of SSGL could increase the body weight, immune organ index, as well as serum cAMP, cGMP, cAMP/cGMP, IL-2 and TNF-α values in mice(P<0.05), and reduce the mice serum IL-4 value( P<0.05). Conclusions SSGL can decrease the cyclic nucleotide levels in mice with deficiency-heat syndrome and increase the cyclic nucleotide levels in mice with deficiency-cold syndrome, relating to its "neutral" property and medicinal characteristics of "bidirectional applicability and conditional dominance". Meanwhile, SSGL is neutral and warm in property, as well as sweet in flavor and supplementing in function, which can reinforce healthy qi and consolidate the root, so as to regulate the immune function of mice with deficiency-heat syndrome and deficiency-cold syndrome.
Objective To study the effects of sporoderm-broken spores of Ganoderma lucidum(SSGL) on cyclic nucleotide levels and immune function of mice with deficiency-heat syndrome and deficiency-cold syndrome. Methods Healthy male Kunming mice were randomly divided into groups after 1 week of adaptive feeding, and the deficiency-heat model and deficiency-cold model were set up by giving thyroid hormone and hydrocortisone respectively. After each group was given the corresponding drug, the effects of SSGL on cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP), cyclic guanosine monophosphate(cGMP), cAMP/cGMP, interleukin-2(IL-2), interleukin-4(IL-4) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α) in serum were observed in mice with deficiency-heat syndrome and deficiency-cold syndrome. Results Compared with the deficiency-heat model group, high dose of SSGL could increase body weight, thymus and spleen indexes in mice(P<0.05), and decrease the cAMP, cGMP and cAMP/cGMP value of mice serum(P<0.05); while low dose of SSGL increased the spleen index and the serum cAMP, cGMP, IL-2 and TNF-α values of mice(P<0.05), and decreased the IL-4 value(P<0.05). Compared with the deficiency-cold model group, both high dose and low dose of SSGL could increase the body weight, immune organ index, as well as serum cAMP, cGMP, cAMP/cGMP, IL-2 and TNF-α values in mice(P<0.05), and reduce the mice serum IL-4 value( P<0.05). Conclusions SSGL can decrease the cyclic nucleotide levels in mice with deficiency-heat syndrome and increase the cyclic nucleotide levels in mice with deficiency-cold syndrome, relating to its "neutral" property and medicinal characteristics of "bidirectional applicability and conditional dominance". Meanwhile, SSGL is neutral and warm in property, as well as sweet in flavor and supplementing in function, which can reinforce healthy qi and consolidate the root, so as to regulate the immune function of mice with deficiency-heat syndrome and deficiency-cold syndrome.
引文
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[2] 国家药典委员会.《中华人民共和国药典》(一部)[S].北京:中国医药科技出版社,2015:92,188-189.
[3] 林志彬,王鹏云.灵芝孢子及其活性成分的药理研究[J].北京大学学报(医学版),2006,47(5):541-547.
[4] 唐庆华,杨静.破壁灵芝孢子质量研究[J].基层农技推广,2017,5(2):17-20.
[5] 游丽君,冯梦莹,刘钧发,等.不同提取方法对灵芝多糖性质的影响研究[J].现代食品科技,2013,29(6):1207-1212.
[6] 张旻璐.加参灵芝孢子粉对小鼠睡眠及免疫功能的影响[D].长春:吉林农业大学,2014.
[7] 王昕妍,陈国杨,苏洁,等.灵芝孢子粉、破壁灵芝孢子粉对Lewis肺癌小鼠肿瘤生长和VEGF表达的比较研究[J].中药药理与临床,2017,33(2):118-122.
[8] 张瑞婷,周涛,宋潇潇,等.灵芝活性成分及其药理作用的研究进展[J].安徽农业科学,2018,46(3):18-19,22.
[9] 陈宝田,龙亚秋,李华,等.灵芝孢子粉的药理作用研究进展[J].中国药房,2010,21(15):1439-1440.
[10] 贺玉伟,柴程芝,寇俊萍,等.甲状腺素诱导小鼠模型表观指征变化与阴虚火旺证的相关性研究[J].实验动物科学,2013,30(2):1-6,10.
[11] 秦文艳,陈贺,朱竟赫,等.不同氢化可的松小鼠肾阳虚模型制备方法对比研究[J].实验动物科学,2017,34(4):11-14.
[12] 张冰,金锐,黄建梅,等.基于“三要素”的中药药性认知模式构建与实践[J].中国中药杂志,2012,37(15):2344-2348.
[13] 邓家刚,孙冰,张作记.平性药药性理论探讨[J].山东中医药大学学报,2011,35(6):483-486.
[14] 秦华珍,邓家刚,刘颖,等.平性药与平性药性[J].南京中医药大学学报,2012,28(3):201-203.
[15] 姚成芳,蔡生业,王丽,等.阴虚与阳虚动物模型中Th1/Th2类细胞因子表达的差异性[J].山东中医杂志,2004,23(3):166-168.
[16] 裴正学,冯小荣,何红珍,魏文婷.扶正固本与免疫[J].中医临床研究,2015,7(30):4-6.
[17] 陈健文,邱玉文,李承,等.复方中药补益方对小鼠抗疲劳及免疫调节作用研究[J].环球中医药,2013,6(S1):61-63.
[18] 张恩户,张琪,胡锐.补气药延缓衰老抗氧化机制的文献再评价[J].环球中医药,2011,4(6):490-493.
[19] 肖玲莉,杨毅.Th1/Th2免疫应答失衡及其影响因素[J].国际儿科学杂志,2006,32(6):399-402.
[20] 何新慧.《伤寒论》虚寒下利方学用心悟[J].环球中医药,2017,10(5):558-559.
[21] 张同芝,危剑安.补益气血中药抗衰老作用的免疫学实验研究进展[J].环球中医药,2009,2(3):226-228.
[22] JAYAPRAKASAMB,YANG N,WEN M C,et al.Constituents of the anti-asthma herbal formula ASHMI～(TM) synergistically inhibit IL-4 and IL-5 secretion by murine Th2 memory cells,and eotaxin by human lung fibroblasts in vitro[J].Journal of Integrative Medicine,2013,11(3):195-205.
[23] 王志旺,孙少伯,王永辉,等.当归挥发油对哮喘大鼠的平喘作用及其对IL-4、IFN-γ的影响[J].免疫学杂志,2013,29(5):391-394.
[24] 潘润存.对扶正固本理论中免疫学内容的探讨[J].中医研究,2010,23(9):8-9.