烤烟苗期枯萎病原菌鉴定及室内药剂毒力测定
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摘要
为了解贵州安龙烤烟苗期枯萎病原菌种类,筛选防治该病害化学药剂,采用组织分离法对贵州安龙烟苗枯萎病发病组织进行病原分离,结合形态特征、rDNA-ITS序列比对鉴定病原菌,并进行致病性测定。选用6种药剂,采用生长速率法测定供试药剂对病原菌菌丝抑制率。结果表明,芬芳镰孢(Fusarium redolens)为引起烤烟枯萎病的病原菌;室内毒力测定表明,40%氟硅唑EC、42.4%唑醚?氟酰胺SC对烤烟枯萎病菌菌丝生长有较好的抑制作用。
This paper identified the pathogen of tobacco seedling wilt occurred in Anlong County Guizhou Province in 2016 and screened fungicides for the control of the disease. The pathogen of tobacco seedling wilt was isolated by tissue separation method and identified by morphological characteristics and sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer region of the ribosomal DNA(rDNA-ITS). The pathogenicity of pathogen was determined. The growth rate method was used to determine the inhibition rate of mycelia on the pathogen by using 6 kinds of fungicides. The results showed that Fusarium redolens was the pathogen of tobacco seedling wilt. Laboratory virulence test showed that 40% flusiazole EC and 42.4% pyraclostrobin·fluxapyroxad SC could inhibit the mycelia growth of the pathogen.
This paper identified the pathogen of tobacco seedling wilt occurred in Anlong County Guizhou Province in 2016 and screened fungicides for the control of the disease. The pathogen of tobacco seedling wilt was isolated by tissue separation method and identified by morphological characteristics and sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer region of the ribosomal DNA(rDNA-ITS). The pathogenicity of pathogen was determined. The growth rate method was used to determine the inhibition rate of mycelia on the pathogen by using 6 kinds of fungicides. The results showed that Fusarium redolens was the pathogen of tobacco seedling wilt. Laboratory virulence test showed that 40% flusiazole EC and 42.4% pyraclostrobin·fluxapyroxad SC could inhibit the mycelia growth of the pathogen.
引文
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[15]曹雪梅.甘草根腐病病原学研究及室内药剂筛选[D].咸阳:西北农林科技大学,2013.CAO X M.Study on etiology of Glycyrrhiza uralensis root rot and screening of fungicides[D].Xianyang:Northwest A&F University,2013.
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[17]司升云,蔡定军,吴仁锋,等.农药室内生物测定数据处理系统[CP/DK].武汉:武汉市农业科学院蔬菜研究所,2006.SI S Y,CAI D J,WU R F,et al.Data processing system for laboratory biological determination of pesticides[CP/DK].Wuhan:Institute of Vegetable Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Science,2006.
[18]刘波,朱育菁,周涵韬,等.农作物枯萎病的研究进展[J].厦门大学学报(自然科学版),2004(S1):47-58.LIU B,ZHU Y J,ZHOU H T,et al.Research progress of crop Fusarium Wilt[J].Journal of Xiamen University(Natural Science),2004(S1):47-58.
[19]顾春波.草莓枯萎病菌对多菌灵及戊唑醇的抗性研究[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2010.GU C B.Study on the resistance of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.fragariae to carbendazim and tebuconazole[D].Tai'an:Shandong Agricultural University,2010.
[20]汪汉成,黄艳飞,王进,等.烟草种子携带病原真菌的分离与鉴定[J].中国烟草科学,2014,35(5):84-88.WANG H C,HUANG Y F,WANG J,et al.Fungi isolation and identification on tobacco seeds[J].Chinese Tobacco Science,2014,35(5):84-88.
[21]施祖国.植物镰刀菌枯萎病防治的研究进展[J].现代农业科技,2016(20):102-103.SHI Z G.Research progress on control of Fusarium wilt of plants[J].Modern Agricultural Science and Technology,2016(20):102-103.
[2]佘国宏.烟草浅水育苗与漂浮育苗技术的优势比较及生产应用研究[D].长沙:湖南农业大学,2013.YU G H.Application and comparative studies on tobacco growing seeding in shallow water to floating system[D].Changsha:Hunan Agricultural University,2013.
[3]董建新,苏建东,王刚,等.我国烟草育苗技术现状分析[J].中国烟草学报,2015,21(1):119-124.DONG J X,SHU J D,WANG G,et al.Analysis on current situation of tobacco seeding raising technology in China[J].Acta Tabacaria Sinica,2015,21(1):119-124.
[4]韦成才,吴琪,王有春,等.不同育苗方法对烟苗素质及产质量的影响[J].山西农业科学,1994(2):18-19.WEI C C,WU Q,WANG Y C,et al.Effect of different Seedling raising methods on quality and quality of Tobacco Seedling[J].Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences,1994(2):18-19.
[5]甄焕菊,袁志永,李富欣.美国烟草大棚温室漂浮育苗技术介绍[J].烟草科技,1999(4):39-41.ZHEN H J,YUAN Z Y,LI F X.Introduction of floating seedling raising technology in American tobacco greenhouse[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,1999(4):39-41.
[6]许博.烟草苗期病害发生特点及综合防治措施[J].安徽农学通报,2009,15(2):106-107.XU B.Occurrence characteristics and integrated control measures of tobacco seedling diseases[J].Anhui Agricultural Science Bulletin,2009,15(2):106-107.
[7]蒋士君.烟草灰斑病病原鉴定初报[J].河南农业大学学报,1992,26(增刊):58-61.JIANG S J.A preliminary report on the identification of the pathogen of tobacco grey spot disease[J].Journal of Henan Agricultural University,1992,26(S):58-61.
[8]罗正友,刁朝强,桑维钧,等.烟草灰斑病在贵州烟草漂浮苗上的发生及鉴定[J].中国烟草科学,2007,28(5):12-14.LUO Z Y,DIAO C Q,SANG W J,et al.Occurrence and identification of tobacco gray spot disease in seedlings of tobacco floating system in Guizhou Province[J].Chinese Tobacco Science,2007,28(5):12-14.
[9]汪汉成,王进,李文红,等.烤烟苗期茎部腐烂病病原菌九州镰孢菌的生物学特性[J].中国烟草学报,2014,20(1):65-70.WANG H C,WANG J,LI W H,et al.Biological characteristics of Fusarium kyushuense causing tobacco seedling stem rot[J].Acta Tabacaria Sinica,2014,20(1):65-70.
[10]方中达.植病研究方法[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1998.FANG Z D.Research methods of plant diseases[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Press,1998.
[11]李新凤.山西镰刀菌种类鉴定及遗传多样性分析研究[D].晋中:山西农业大学,2013.LI X F.The morphological identification and genetic diversity of Fusarium in Shanxi province[D].Jinzhong:Shanxi Agricultural University,2013.
[12]潘存祥.西瓜抗枯萎病生理生化机理的研究[D].兰州:甘肃农业大学,2014.PAN C X.Research on physiological and biochemical mechanism of watermelon resistance to Fusarium Wilt[D].Lanzhou:Gansu Agricultural University,2014.
[13]LESLIE J F,SUMMERELL B A.The Fusarium laboratory manual[M].USA:Blackwell Publishing,2006.
[14]彭丽娟,孙涛,刘永翔,等.油茶茶苞病菌的分离与鉴定[J].贵州农业科学,2010,38(12):147-149.PENG L J,SUN T,LIU Y X,et al.Isolation and identification of Exobasidium gracile on Camellia oleifera[J].Guizhou Agricultural Sciences,2010,38(12):147-149.
[15]曹雪梅.甘草根腐病病原学研究及室内药剂筛选[D].咸阳:西北农林科技大学,2013.CAO X M.Study on etiology of Glycyrrhiza uralensis root rot and screening of fungicides[D].Xianyang:Northwest A&F University,2013.
[16]孙广宇,宗兆锋.植物病理学实验技术[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2002:94-106,139-146.SUN G Y,ZONG Z F.Experimental techniques of plant pathology[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Press,2002:94-106,139-146.
[17]司升云,蔡定军,吴仁锋,等.农药室内生物测定数据处理系统[CP/DK].武汉:武汉市农业科学院蔬菜研究所,2006.SI S Y,CAI D J,WU R F,et al.Data processing system for laboratory biological determination of pesticides[CP/DK].Wuhan:Institute of Vegetable Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Science,2006.
[18]刘波,朱育菁,周涵韬,等.农作物枯萎病的研究进展[J].厦门大学学报(自然科学版),2004(S1):47-58.LIU B,ZHU Y J,ZHOU H T,et al.Research progress of crop Fusarium Wilt[J].Journal of Xiamen University(Natural Science),2004(S1):47-58.
[19]顾春波.草莓枯萎病菌对多菌灵及戊唑醇的抗性研究[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2010.GU C B.Study on the resistance of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.fragariae to carbendazim and tebuconazole[D].Tai'an:Shandong Agricultural University,2010.
[20]汪汉成,黄艳飞,王进,等.烟草种子携带病原真菌的分离与鉴定[J].中国烟草科学,2014,35(5):84-88.WANG H C,HUANG Y F,WANG J,et al.Fungi isolation and identification on tobacco seeds[J].Chinese Tobacco Science,2014,35(5):84-88.
[21]施祖国.植物镰刀菌枯萎病防治的研究进展[J].现代农业科技,2016(20):102-103.SHI Z G.Research progress on control of Fusarium wilt of plants[J].Modern Agricultural Science and Technology,2016(20):102-103.