核医学技术在帕金森症诊断中的应用(一)
摘要
<正>原发性帕金森病(Parkinson’s disease,PD)的确诊需要通过黑质中路易小体堆积的病理学结果来判定。临床病理学研究也表明:神经科医生对PD临床症状的评定与黑质中路易小体的堆积存在之间存在90%的一致性~([1])。但是,在活体中对大脑病理学取样是不现实的。另外,PD的显著特征是黑质体致密部位内多巴胺神经元退化而引起的基底核上游信息的传递的障碍。目前诊断PD主要依据患者的临床症状、体征以及对左旋多巴制剂治疗反应等指标进行综合评价,但PD出现症状时黑质多巴胺能神经元脱失往往已达50%～80%~([2])。
引文
[1]Hughes AJ,Daniel SE,Lees AJ.Improved accuracy of clinical diagnosis of Lewy body Parkinson's disease.Neurology,2001,57:1497-1499.
[2]Braak H,Del Tredici K.Invited Article:Nervous system pathology in sporadic Parkinson disease.Neurology,2008,70:1916-1925.
[3]Schneider SA,Edwards MJ,Mir P,et al.Patients with adultonset dystonic tremor resembling parkinsonian tremor have scans without evidence of dopaminergic deficit(SWEDDs).Mov Disord,2007,22:2210-2215.
[4]Fahn S.Parkinson disease,the effect of levodopa,and the ELLDOPA trial.Earlier vs Later L-DOPA.Arch Neurol,1999,56:529-535.
[5]Whone AL,Watts RL,Stoessl AJ,et al.Slower progression of Parkinson's disease with ropinirole versus levodopa:The REAL-PET study.Ann Neurol,2003,54:93-101.
[6]Calabria FF,Calabria E,Gangemi V,et al.Current status and future challenges of brain imaging with(18)F-DOPA PET for movement disorders.Hell J Nucl Med,2016,19:33-41.
[7]Filippi L,Manni C,Pierantozzi M,et al.123I-FP-CIT semiquantitative SPECT detects preclinical bilateral dopaminergic deficit in early Parkinson's disease with unilateral symptoms.Nucl Med Commun,2005,26:421-426.
[8]Stoessl AJ.Developments in neuroimaging:positron emission tomography.Parkinsonism Relat Disord,2014,20 Suppl 1:S180-183.
[9]Pavese N,Kiferle L,Piccini P.Neuroprotection and imaging studies in Parkinson's disease and depression.Parkinsonism Relat Disord,2009,15 Suppl 4:S33-37.
[10]Schillaci O,Chiaravalloti A,Pietro BD,et al.Thalamic 123I FP-CIT uptake in a patient with clinical diagnosis of Parkinson's disease and depression.Hell J Nucl Med,2012,15:74-75.
[11]Brajkovic LD,Svetel MV,Kostic VS,et al.Dopamine transporter imaging(123)I-FP-CIT(DaTSCAN)SPET in differential diagnosis of dopa-responsive dystonia and youngonset Parkinson's disease.Hell J Nucl Med,2012,15:134-138.
[12]Brooks DJ.Imaging approaches to Parkinson disease.J Nucl Med,2010,51:596-609.
[13]Brooks DJ,Frey KA,Marek KL,et al.Assessment of neuroimaging techniques as biomarkers of the progression of Parkinson's disease.Exp Neurol,2003,184 Suppl 1:S68-79.
[14]Ouchi Y,Kanno T,Okada H,et al.Presynaptic and postsynaptic dopaminergic binding densities in the nigrostriatal and mesocortical systems in early Parkinson's disease:a double-tracer positron emission tomography study.Ann Neurol,1999,46:723-731.
[15]Marek KL,Seibyl JP,Zoghbi SS,et al.[123I]beta-CIT/SPECT imaging demonstrates bilateral loss of dopamine transporters in hemi-Parkinson's disease.Neurology,1996,46:231-237.
[16]Marek K,Innis R,Van Dyck C,et al.[123I]beta-CIT SPECTimaging assessment of the rate of Parkinson's disease progression.Neurology,2001,57:2089-2094.
[17]Morrish PK,Sawle GV,Brooks DJ.Clinical and[18F]dopa PET findings in early Parkinson's disease.J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry,1995,59:597-600.
[18]Vingerhoets FJ,Schulzer M,Calne DB,et al.Which clinical sign of Parkinson's disease best reflects the nigrostriatal lesion?Ann Neurol,1997,41:58-64.
[19]Benamer HT,Patterson J,Wyper DJ,et al.Correlation of Parkinson's disease severity and duration with 123I-FP-CITSPECT striatal uptake.Mov Disord,2000,15:692-698.
[20]Seibyl JP,Marek KL,Quinlan D,et al.Decreased singlephoton emission computed tomographic[123I]beta-CIT striatal uptake correlates with symptom severity in Parkinson's disease.Ann Neurol,1995,38:589-598.
[21]Benamer TS,Patterson J,Grosset DG,et al.Accurate differentiation of parkinsonism and essential tremor using visual assessment of[123I]-FP-CIT SPECT imaging:the[123I]-FP-CIT study group.Mov Disord,2000,15:503-510.
[22]Brooks DJ.Functional imaging in relation to parkinsonian syndromes.J Neurol Sci,1993,115:1-17.
[23]Eidelberg D,Moeller JR,Dhawan V,et al.The metabolic topography of parkinsonism.J Cereb Blood Flow Metab,1994,14:783.
[24]Su PC,Ma Y,Fukuda M,et al.Metabolic changes following subthalamotomy for advanced Parkinson's disease.Ann Neurol,2001,50:514-520.
[25]Feigin A,Fukuda M,Dhawan V,et al.Metabolic correlates of levodopa response in Parkinson's disease.Neurology,2001,57:2083-2088.
[26]Eckert T,Feigin A,Lewis DE,et al.Regional metabolic changes in parkinsonian patients with normal dopaminergic imaging.Mov Disord,2007,22:167-173.
[27]Cerasa A,Koch G,Fasano A,et al.Future scenarios for levodopa-induced dyskinesias in Parkinson's disease.Front Neurol,2015,6:76.
[28]Gallagher CL,Christian BT,Holden JE,et al.A within-subject comparison of 6-[18F]fluoro-m-tyrosine and 6-[18F]fluoroL-dopa in Parkinson's disease.Mov Disord,2011,26:2032-2038.
[29]Li CT,Palotti M,Holden JE,et al.A dual-tracer study of extrastriatal 6-[18F]fluoro-m-tyrosine and 6-[18F]-fluoroL-dopa uptake in Parkinson's disease.Synapse,2014,68:325-331.
[30]Politis M,Wu K,Loane C,et al.Serotonergic mechanisms responsible for levodopa-induced dyskinesias in Parkinson's disease patients.J Clin Invest,2014,124:1340-1349.
[31]Niccolini F,Loane C,Politis M.Dyskinesias in Parkinson's disease:views from positron emission tomography studies.Eur JNeurol,2014,21:694-699,e39-e43.
[32]Ledezma CJ,Chen W,Sai V,et al.18F-FDOPA PET/MRIfusion in patients with primary/recurrent gliomas:initial experience.Eur J Radiol,2009,71:242-248.
[33]Bouilleret V,Semah F,Chassoux F,et al.Basal ganglia involvement in temporal lobe epilepsy:a functional and morphologic study.Neurology,2008,70:177-184.
[2]Braak H,Del Tredici K.Invited Article:Nervous system pathology in sporadic Parkinson disease.Neurology,2008,70:1916-1925.
[3]Schneider SA,Edwards MJ,Mir P,et al.Patients with adultonset dystonic tremor resembling parkinsonian tremor have scans without evidence of dopaminergic deficit(SWEDDs).Mov Disord,2007,22:2210-2215.
[4]Fahn S.Parkinson disease,the effect of levodopa,and the ELLDOPA trial.Earlier vs Later L-DOPA.Arch Neurol,1999,56:529-535.
[5]Whone AL,Watts RL,Stoessl AJ,et al.Slower progression of Parkinson's disease with ropinirole versus levodopa:The REAL-PET study.Ann Neurol,2003,54:93-101.
[6]Calabria FF,Calabria E,Gangemi V,et al.Current status and future challenges of brain imaging with(18)F-DOPA PET for movement disorders.Hell J Nucl Med,2016,19:33-41.
[7]Filippi L,Manni C,Pierantozzi M,et al.123I-FP-CIT semiquantitative SPECT detects preclinical bilateral dopaminergic deficit in early Parkinson's disease with unilateral symptoms.Nucl Med Commun,2005,26:421-426.
[8]Stoessl AJ.Developments in neuroimaging:positron emission tomography.Parkinsonism Relat Disord,2014,20 Suppl 1:S180-183.
[9]Pavese N,Kiferle L,Piccini P.Neuroprotection and imaging studies in Parkinson's disease and depression.Parkinsonism Relat Disord,2009,15 Suppl 4:S33-37.
[10]Schillaci O,Chiaravalloti A,Pietro BD,et al.Thalamic 123I FP-CIT uptake in a patient with clinical diagnosis of Parkinson's disease and depression.Hell J Nucl Med,2012,15:74-75.
[11]Brajkovic LD,Svetel MV,Kostic VS,et al.Dopamine transporter imaging(123)I-FP-CIT(DaTSCAN)SPET in differential diagnosis of dopa-responsive dystonia and youngonset Parkinson's disease.Hell J Nucl Med,2012,15:134-138.
[12]Brooks DJ.Imaging approaches to Parkinson disease.J Nucl Med,2010,51:596-609.
[13]Brooks DJ,Frey KA,Marek KL,et al.Assessment of neuroimaging techniques as biomarkers of the progression of Parkinson's disease.Exp Neurol,2003,184 Suppl 1:S68-79.
[14]Ouchi Y,Kanno T,Okada H,et al.Presynaptic and postsynaptic dopaminergic binding densities in the nigrostriatal and mesocortical systems in early Parkinson's disease:a double-tracer positron emission tomography study.Ann Neurol,1999,46:723-731.
[15]Marek KL,Seibyl JP,Zoghbi SS,et al.[123I]beta-CIT/SPECT imaging demonstrates bilateral loss of dopamine transporters in hemi-Parkinson's disease.Neurology,1996,46:231-237.
[16]Marek K,Innis R,Van Dyck C,et al.[123I]beta-CIT SPECTimaging assessment of the rate of Parkinson's disease progression.Neurology,2001,57:2089-2094.
[17]Morrish PK,Sawle GV,Brooks DJ.Clinical and[18F]dopa PET findings in early Parkinson's disease.J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry,1995,59:597-600.
[18]Vingerhoets FJ,Schulzer M,Calne DB,et al.Which clinical sign of Parkinson's disease best reflects the nigrostriatal lesion?Ann Neurol,1997,41:58-64.
[19]Benamer HT,Patterson J,Wyper DJ,et al.Correlation of Parkinson's disease severity and duration with 123I-FP-CITSPECT striatal uptake.Mov Disord,2000,15:692-698.
[20]Seibyl JP,Marek KL,Quinlan D,et al.Decreased singlephoton emission computed tomographic[123I]beta-CIT striatal uptake correlates with symptom severity in Parkinson's disease.Ann Neurol,1995,38:589-598.
[21]Benamer TS,Patterson J,Grosset DG,et al.Accurate differentiation of parkinsonism and essential tremor using visual assessment of[123I]-FP-CIT SPECT imaging:the[123I]-FP-CIT study group.Mov Disord,2000,15:503-510.
[22]Brooks DJ.Functional imaging in relation to parkinsonian syndromes.J Neurol Sci,1993,115:1-17.
[23]Eidelberg D,Moeller JR,Dhawan V,et al.The metabolic topography of parkinsonism.J Cereb Blood Flow Metab,1994,14:783.
[24]Su PC,Ma Y,Fukuda M,et al.Metabolic changes following subthalamotomy for advanced Parkinson's disease.Ann Neurol,2001,50:514-520.
[25]Feigin A,Fukuda M,Dhawan V,et al.Metabolic correlates of levodopa response in Parkinson's disease.Neurology,2001,57:2083-2088.
[26]Eckert T,Feigin A,Lewis DE,et al.Regional metabolic changes in parkinsonian patients with normal dopaminergic imaging.Mov Disord,2007,22:167-173.
[27]Cerasa A,Koch G,Fasano A,et al.Future scenarios for levodopa-induced dyskinesias in Parkinson's disease.Front Neurol,2015,6:76.
[28]Gallagher CL,Christian BT,Holden JE,et al.A within-subject comparison of 6-[18F]fluoro-m-tyrosine and 6-[18F]fluoroL-dopa in Parkinson's disease.Mov Disord,2011,26:2032-2038.
[29]Li CT,Palotti M,Holden JE,et al.A dual-tracer study of extrastriatal 6-[18F]fluoro-m-tyrosine and 6-[18F]-fluoroL-dopa uptake in Parkinson's disease.Synapse,2014,68:325-331.
[30]Politis M,Wu K,Loane C,et al.Serotonergic mechanisms responsible for levodopa-induced dyskinesias in Parkinson's disease patients.J Clin Invest,2014,124:1340-1349.
[31]Niccolini F,Loane C,Politis M.Dyskinesias in Parkinson's disease:views from positron emission tomography studies.Eur JNeurol,2014,21:694-699,e39-e43.
[32]Ledezma CJ,Chen W,Sai V,et al.18F-FDOPA PET/MRIfusion in patients with primary/recurrent gliomas:initial experience.Eur J Radiol,2009,71:242-248.
[33]Bouilleret V,Semah F,Chassoux F,et al.Basal ganglia involvement in temporal lobe epilepsy:a functional and morphologic study.Neurology,2008,70:177-184.