山东省某医科大学新生心理资本与生活满意度的现状
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摘要
目的了解医学院校新生心理资本与生活满意度的现状及其关系。方法 2018年9月,采用青少年心理资本量表和青少年学生生活满意度量表,对山东省某医科大学1 028名大一新生进行问卷调查。结果医科大学新生生活满意度总得分为4.99±0.68,不同学习压力、家庭结构、身体健康状况、家庭经济状况的大学新生生活满意度得分差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);心理资本总得分为100.66±15.88,不同学习压力、身体健康状况的大学生心理资本得分差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);相关分析结果显示,除自信与环境满意度呈负相关外(r=-0.088,P<0.01),大学新生心理资本得分及各维度与生活满意度得分及各维度呈显著正相关(r=0.091～0.726,P<0.01);回归分析结果显示,心理资本(F=983.879,P<0.01,调整R~2=0.489)及各维度(F=272.858,P<0.01,调整R~2=0.514)对生活满意度均有正向预测作用。结论医学院校新生心理资本对其生活满意度具有积极影响,提高心理资本有助于提升其生活满意度。
[Objective]To understand the current conditions and relationship between psychological capital and life satisfaction of medical college freshmen. [Methods]A questionnaire survey was conducted among 1 028 freshmen in a medical university in Shandong Province,by using adolescent psychological capital scale and adolescent student life satisfaction scale in September 2018.[Results] The overall life satisfaction score of medical university freshmen was 4.99±0.68,there were significant differences in life satisfaction scores among freshmen with different learning pressures,family structure,physical health status and family economic status(all P<0.05). The total score of psychological capital was 100.66 ±15.88,and the differences in psychological capital scores of college students with different learning pressures and physical health conditions were significant(all P<0.05).The results of correlation analysis showed that in addition to the negative correlation between self-confidence and environmental satisfaction(r=-0.088,P<0.01), freshmen's psychological capital score and each dimension were significantly positively correlated with life satisfaction score and each dimension(r=-0.091-0.726,P<0.01). Regression analysis showed that psychological capital(F=983.879,P<0.01,adjusted R~2=0.489) and all dimensions(F=272.858,P<0.01,adjusted R~2=0.514) had positive predictive effects on life satisfaction. [Conclusion]The psychological capital of medical college freshmen has a positive effect on their life satisfaction,and the improvement of psychological capital helps to improve their life satisfaction.
[Objective]To understand the current conditions and relationship between psychological capital and life satisfaction of medical college freshmen. [Methods]A questionnaire survey was conducted among 1 028 freshmen in a medical university in Shandong Province,by using adolescent psychological capital scale and adolescent student life satisfaction scale in September 2018.[Results] The overall life satisfaction score of medical university freshmen was 4.99±0.68,there were significant differences in life satisfaction scores among freshmen with different learning pressures,family structure,physical health status and family economic status(all P<0.05). The total score of psychological capital was 100.66 ±15.88,and the differences in psychological capital scores of college students with different learning pressures and physical health conditions were significant(all P<0.05).The results of correlation analysis showed that in addition to the negative correlation between self-confidence and environmental satisfaction(r=-0.088,P<0.01), freshmen's psychological capital score and each dimension were significantly positively correlated with life satisfaction score and each dimension(r=-0.091-0.726,P<0.01). Regression analysis showed that psychological capital(F=983.879,P<0.01,adjusted R~2=0.489) and all dimensions(F=272.858,P<0.01,adjusted R~2=0.514) had positive predictive effects on life satisfaction. [Conclusion]The psychological capital of medical college freshmen has a positive effect on their life satisfaction,and the improvement of psychological capital helps to improve their life satisfaction.
引文
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[10]李少杰,李玉丽,尹永田,等.大学生心理资本在儿童期创伤与睡眠质量关系中的中介作用[J].现代预防医学,2018,45(12):2191-2194.
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[13]张荣伟,李卓繁.家庭和个人因素与大学生积极心理资本的关系[J].上海工程技术大学学报,2015,29(1):81-85.
[14]李林英,肖雯.大学生心理资本的调查研究[J].北京理工大学学报(社会科学版),2011,13(1):148-152.
[15]马元广,贾文芝.负性生活事件对生活满意度的影响:解释性乐观的调节作用[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2017,25(1):76-79.
[16]张云,刘宏娟.医学生心理健康水平现状及其影响因素的调查分析[J].中国医科大学学报,2017,46(4):335-338.
[17]欧阳乐,张秀军,王丽雅,等.大学生心理韧性与生活满意度的关系[J].中国学校卫生,2017,38(4):554-557.
[18]周建军,孙萍,杨黎.医学生多维生活满意度现状对心理健康的影响及分析[J].重庆医学,2015,44(5):681-683.
[19]梁茵,李文秀,房金涛,等.北京市海淀区大学生生活满意度现状及影响因素[J].职业与健康,2017,33(21):2995-2998.
[20]赵军良,于海涛.大学生生活满意度的现状调查---以石河子高校大学生为例[J].遵义师范学院学报,2011,13(1):83-87.
[21]陈丽娜,张建新.大学生一般生活满意度及其与自尊的关系[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2004,18(4):222-224.
[22]NEWTON FB,KIM E,NEWTON DW.A Program to Establish Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors with Freshmen Students[J].J Student Affairs Res Practice,2006,43(3):873-893.
[2]LUTHANS F,LUTHANS KW,LUTHANS BC.Positive psychological capital:beyond human and social capital[J].Business Horizons,2004,47(1):45-50.
[3]温磊,七十三,张玉柱.心理资本问卷的初步修订[J].中国临床心理学杂志,2009,17(2):148-150
[4]SHIN DC,JOHNSON DM.Avowed happiness as an overall assessment of the quality of life[J].Social Indicators,1978,5(4):475-492
[5]梁永锋,刘少锋,何昭红.大学生积极心理资本与生活满意度的相关性[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2016,24(3):410-413.
[6]张云,刘宏娟.医学生心理健康水平现状及其影响因素的调查分析[J].中国医科大学学报,2017,46(4):335-338.
[7]周丽,赖文,廖雪萍,等.医学生心理资本与家庭满意度的关系研究[J].重庆医学,2017,46(4):528-530.
[8]方必基.青少年学生心理资本结构、特点、相关因素及团体干预研究[D].福州:福建师范大学,2012:137-138.
[9]张兴贵,何立国,郑雪.青少年学生生活满意度的结构和量表编制[J].心理科学,2004,27(5):1257-1260.
[10]李少杰,李玉丽,尹永田,等.大学生心理资本在儿童期创伤与睡眠质量关系中的中介作用[J].现代预防医学,2018,45(12):2191-2194.
[11]刘丽,张瑞雪,刘堃.青少年学生心理资本与生活事件相关性分析[J].中国现代医学杂志,2017,27(5):112-116.
[12]周林,宋海娟.大学生心理压力对心理健康影响的实证研究[J].犯罪研究,2013(2):61-65,75.
[13]张荣伟,李卓繁.家庭和个人因素与大学生积极心理资本的关系[J].上海工程技术大学学报,2015,29(1):81-85.
[14]李林英,肖雯.大学生心理资本的调查研究[J].北京理工大学学报(社会科学版),2011,13(1):148-152.
[15]马元广,贾文芝.负性生活事件对生活满意度的影响:解释性乐观的调节作用[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2017,25(1):76-79.
[16]张云,刘宏娟.医学生心理健康水平现状及其影响因素的调查分析[J].中国医科大学学报,2017,46(4):335-338.
[17]欧阳乐,张秀军,王丽雅,等.大学生心理韧性与生活满意度的关系[J].中国学校卫生,2017,38(4):554-557.
[18]周建军,孙萍,杨黎.医学生多维生活满意度现状对心理健康的影响及分析[J].重庆医学,2015,44(5):681-683.
[19]梁茵,李文秀,房金涛,等.北京市海淀区大学生生活满意度现状及影响因素[J].职业与健康,2017,33(21):2995-2998.
[20]赵军良,于海涛.大学生生活满意度的现状调查---以石河子高校大学生为例[J].遵义师范学院学报,2011,13(1):83-87.
[21]陈丽娜,张建新.大学生一般生活满意度及其与自尊的关系[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2004,18(4):222-224.
[22]NEWTON FB,KIM E,NEWTON DW.A Program to Establish Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors with Freshmen Students[J].J Student Affairs Res Practice,2006,43(3):873-893.