基于DEM的少震、弱震区构造地貌特征及演化分析——以湖南省茶陵—永兴盆地为例
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摘要
基于数字高程模型(DEM)数据解译,结合野外地质调查、遥感影像及前人研究成果,对茶陵—永兴盆地构造地貌特征及断裂的制约关系做出初步研究,并探讨了少震、弱震区域盆地的演化历史。研究表明:茶陵—永兴盆地边界坡度和地貌差异显著,高坡度区域分别位于盆地的南东侧和北西侧,坡度陡立区域呈线性分布,与区内断裂空间展布一致,显示出断裂对茶陵—永兴盆地构造地貌的发育有较强制约作用。另外,盆地内部及周边不同时代沉积层厚度的分布情况及规模与数字地形剖面分析结果存在较好一致性,反映了构造地貌特征与多期次地质构造运动的相关性,以及盆地演化和地貌生长模式的阶段性特点。
Based on data interpretation of digital elevation model( DEM), combined with field geological survey, remote sensing images and previous researches, tectonic geomorphological characteristics and the restrictive relationship between faults of Chaling-Yongxing basin are preliminarily studied, and the evolution history of regional basins with few earthquakes and weak earthquakes are discussed. Research shows that the boundary slope and geomorphology of Chaling-Yongxing basin are significantly different. The high slope areas are located respectively on the south-east and north-west sides of the basin. The steep slope areas are linearly distributed, which is consistent with the spatial distribution of faults inside the area, displaying the strong restrictive effect of faults on the development of tectonic landforms of Chaling-Yongxing basin. In addition, the distribution and scale of sediment thickness in different periods within and around the basin consistent well with the results of digital topographic profile analysis, reflecting the correlation between tectonic geomorphological characteristics and multi-stage geological tectonic movements, as well as the stage characteristics of basin evolution and geomorphological growth model.
Based on data interpretation of digital elevation model( DEM), combined with field geological survey, remote sensing images and previous researches, tectonic geomorphological characteristics and the restrictive relationship between faults of Chaling-Yongxing basin are preliminarily studied, and the evolution history of regional basins with few earthquakes and weak earthquakes are discussed. Research shows that the boundary slope and geomorphology of Chaling-Yongxing basin are significantly different. The high slope areas are located respectively on the south-east and north-west sides of the basin. The steep slope areas are linearly distributed, which is consistent with the spatial distribution of faults inside the area, displaying the strong restrictive effect of faults on the development of tectonic landforms of Chaling-Yongxing basin. In addition, the distribution and scale of sediment thickness in different periods within and around the basin consistent well with the results of digital topographic profile analysis, reflecting the correlation between tectonic geomorphological characteristics and multi-stage geological tectonic movements, as well as the stage characteristics of basin evolution and geomorphological growth model.
引文
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[22]周学军.湖南中新生代的红层盆地与丹霞地貌[J].经济地理,2002,22(5):18-25.
[2]刘少峰,王陶,张会平,等.数字高程模型在地表过程研究中的应用[J].地学前缘,2005,12(1):303-309.
[3]毕丽思,何宏林,徐岳仁,等.基于高分辨率DEM的裂点序列提取和古地震序列的识别-以霍山山前断裂为实验区[J].地震地质,2011,33(4):963-977.
[4]宫会玲,冉勇康,陈立春.基于DEM的阶地分析方法-以安宁河断裂紫马跨地区为例[J].地震地质,2008,30(1):339-348.
[5]宫会玲,冉勇康.基于DEM的垂直位错分析-以安宁河断裂为例[J].华南地震,2015,35(04):71-76.
[6]薛强,张茂省,孙萍萍,等.基于多期DEM和滑坡强度的滑坡风险评估[J].地质通报,2013,32(6),925-934.
[7] Fielding E J,Isacks B,Barazangi M,et al. How Fiat is Tibet[J]. Geology,1994,22:163-167.
[8]罗洪文,姜端午.茶陵锡田地区锡矿成矿条件及找矿远景[J].湖南地质,2003,22(1):38-42.
[9]马铁球,柏道远,邝军,等.湘东南茶陵地区锡田岩体锆石shrimp定年及其地质意义[J].地质通报,2005,24(5):415-419.
[10]肖和平,缪卫东.湘东南地区地震构造环境分析[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2010,30(S1):100-104.
[11]张培震,李传友,毛凤英.河流阶地演化与走滑断裂滑动速率[J].地震地质,2008,30(1):44-57.
[12]程三友,刘少峰,张会平,等.大别山构造地貌的DEM初步分析[J].地质力学学报,2005,11(4):333-340.
[13]刘静,丁林,曾令森,等.青藏高原典型地区的地貌量化分析-兼对高原“夷平面”的讨论[J].地学前缘,2006,13(5):285-299.
[14]刘静,曾令森,丁林,等.青藏高原东南缘构造地貌、活动构造和下地壳流动假说[J].地质科学,2009,44(4):1227-1255.
[15]杨泰平,唐川,齐信.基于GIS技术的汶川8.0级地震诱发地质灾害危险性评价-以四川省安县为例[J].灾害学,2009,24(4):68-72.
[16] Fu B H,Awata Y,Du J G,et al. Complex Geometry and Segmentation of the Surface Rupture Associated with the14 November 2001 Great Kunlun Earthquake,Northern Tibet, China[J]. Tectonophysics,2005,407(1-2):43-63.
[17] Mcfeeters S. K. The use of normalized difference water index(NDWI)in the delineation of open water features[J]. International Journal of Remote Sensing,1996,17(7):1425-1432.
[18]张国伟,郭安林,王岳军,等.中国华南大陆构造与问题[J].中国科学:地球科学,2013,43(10):1553-1582.
[19]韩竹军,董绍鹏,毛泽斌,等.小江断裂带南段全新世活动的地质地貌证据与滑动速率[J].地震地质,2017,39(1):1-19.
[20] King G C P,Stein R S,Rundle J B. The Growth of Geological Structures by Repeated Earthquakes,2:Field Examples of Continental Dip-slip Faults[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres,1988,93:13319-13331.
[21] Boulin J. Structures in Southwest Asia and evolution of the eastern Tethys[J]. Tectonophysics,1991,96:211–268.
[22]周学军.湖南中新生代的红层盆地与丹霞地貌[J].经济地理,2002,22(5):18-25.