破冰之旅:《蒙大拿的迈尔斯城》中伦理困境的“结”与“解”
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摘要
门罗小说《蒙大拿的迈尔斯城》通过两次孩子溺水事件的叙述,展示亲子伦理困境"结"与"解"的过程,在伦理身份的换位中透视亲子关系的转变。文学伦理学批评为梳理其中的伦理线与伦理结提供了理论依据,其中伦理困境由"结"到"解"的"破冰之旅"既是身体之旅,更是精神之旅,门罗高超的创作艺术则为其中的破解之"道"提供了有效保障。由此,小说以小而见大,看似琐屑、随意,实则具有一定的哲理意味。
Through the narration of two drowning accidents,Munro’s story Miles City, Montana presents the process of the"knotting"and "defusing"of ethical dilemma and explores the change of the parent-child relationship in the transposition of ethical identity. Ethical literary criticism provides the theoretical basis for sorting out ethical lines and ethical knots in this story. The"ice-breaking journey"of ethical dilemma from"knotting"to"defusing"is a physical journey and a spiritual journey as well. Munro’s excellent art of creation provides an effective guarantee for the way to defuse the knot. And then this story can reveal the "greatness"from the "smallness",which appears trivial and casual,but actually has certain philosophical meaning.
Through the narration of two drowning accidents,Munro’s story Miles City, Montana presents the process of the"knotting"and "defusing"of ethical dilemma and explores the change of the parent-child relationship in the transposition of ethical identity. Ethical literary criticism provides the theoretical basis for sorting out ethical lines and ethical knots in this story. The"ice-breaking journey"of ethical dilemma from"knotting"to"defusing"is a physical journey and a spiritual journey as well. Munro’s excellent art of creation provides an effective guarantee for the way to defuse the knot. And then this story can reveal the "greatness"from the "smallness",which appears trivial and casual,but actually has certain philosophical meaning.
引文
[1]艾丽丝·门罗.蒙大拿的迈尔斯城[C]//殷杲,译.爱的进程.南京:译林出版社,2013:105-132.
[2]刘萍.历史主义文艺学论纲[M].合肥:安徽教育出版社,2014.
[3]聂珍钊.文学伦理学与道德批评[J].外国文学研究,2006,(2):8-17.
[4]聂珍钊.文学伦理学批评:基本理论与术语[J].外国文学研究,2010,(1):12-22.
[5]聂珍钊.文学伦理学批评导论[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2014.
[6]张杰,刘增美.文学伦理学批评的多元主义阐释[J].外国文学研究,2007,(5):137-143.
[7]赵晶辉.《爱的进程》:现实主义叙事中的后现代维度[J].当代外国文学,2015,(2):117-124.
[8]Beran,C. L. The pursuit of happiness:A study of Alice Munro's fiction[J]. The Social Science Journal,2000,37(3):329-345.
[9]May,C. E. The short story's way of meaning:Alice Munro's Passion[J]. Narrative,2012,20(2):172-182.
[10]McKenna,J. J. Unfulfilled promises:Idealism and reality in Alice Munro's Miles City, Montana[J]. Eureka Studies in Teaching Short Fiction,2006,6(2):9-15.
[11]Metcalf,J. A conversation with Alice Munro[J]. Journal of Canadian Fiction,1972,1(4):54-62.
[12]Milhauser,S. The ambition of the short story[J]. New York Times Book Review,2008,(10):31.
(1)凡文中只标注页码的引文均出自艾丽丝·门罗的小说《蒙大拿的迈尔斯城》,详见参考文献[1]。
[2]刘萍.历史主义文艺学论纲[M].合肥:安徽教育出版社,2014.
[3]聂珍钊.文学伦理学与道德批评[J].外国文学研究,2006,(2):8-17.
[4]聂珍钊.文学伦理学批评:基本理论与术语[J].外国文学研究,2010,(1):12-22.
[5]聂珍钊.文学伦理学批评导论[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2014.
[6]张杰,刘增美.文学伦理学批评的多元主义阐释[J].外国文学研究,2007,(5):137-143.
[7]赵晶辉.《爱的进程》:现实主义叙事中的后现代维度[J].当代外国文学,2015,(2):117-124.
[8]Beran,C. L. The pursuit of happiness:A study of Alice Munro's fiction[J]. The Social Science Journal,2000,37(3):329-345.
[9]May,C. E. The short story's way of meaning:Alice Munro's Passion[J]. Narrative,2012,20(2):172-182.
[10]McKenna,J. J. Unfulfilled promises:Idealism and reality in Alice Munro's Miles City, Montana[J]. Eureka Studies in Teaching Short Fiction,2006,6(2):9-15.
[11]Metcalf,J. A conversation with Alice Munro[J]. Journal of Canadian Fiction,1972,1(4):54-62.
[12]Milhauser,S. The ambition of the short story[J]. New York Times Book Review,2008,(10):31.
(1)凡文中只标注页码的引文均出自艾丽丝·门罗的小说《蒙大拿的迈尔斯城》,详见参考文献[1]。