兰州市安宁区成年居民饮水量调查
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摘要
目的了解兰州市安宁区居民饮水量,为兰州市居民饮用水健康风险评价提供科学依据。方法于2017年夏季(7和8月),冬季(12月)采用整群随机抽样的方法,从兰州市安宁区选取成年常住居民491人进行饮水量调查。统计学分析采用Wilcoxon秩和检验和Kruskal-Wallis秩和检验。结果安宁区居民总饮水量、直接饮水量、间接饮水量中位数分别为2 210、1 750和390 m L/d。男性总饮水量、直接饮水量(2 339和1 800 m L/d)均高于女性(2 032和1 600 m L/d)(Z值:-3. 437,-3. 938,P<0. 05),不同性别间接饮水量差异无统计学意义;不同年龄人群中,(45～64)岁人群的总饮水量、直接饮水量、间接饮水量(2 409、1 800和424 m L/d)最高,其中不同年龄人群总饮水量、直接饮水量差异有统计学意义(χ~2值:15. 922,18. 500,P<0. 05)。夏季和冬季,不同性别、不同年龄人群的总饮水量和直接饮水量差异有统计学意义(Z值:-2. 159,-2. 705;χ~2值:8. 257,9. 271,P<0. 05)。结论在兰州饮用水健康风险评价中应综合考虑年龄和性别对饮水量的影响。
Objectives To understand the drinking water intake of urban residents in Anning district,Lanzhou to provide basic data for assessing the health risk on drinking water intake. Methods A total of 491 adult residents were randomLy selected by multiple-stage stratified cluster from Anning district in Lanzhou in July,August and December of 2017. The information on drinking water intake of residents was investigated by using quantitative measurement and questionnaire survey. Wilcoxon rank sum test and Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test were used for stratified analysis of drinking water intake. Results The median of total drinking water intake,direct drinking water intake and indirect drinking water intake were 2 210,1 750 and 390 m L/d among all residents in Lanzhou,respectively. The total drinking water intake and direct drinking water intake of male( 2 339 and 1 800 m L/d) was higher than that of female( 2 032 and 1 600 m L/d)( P<0. 05); The total drinking water intake,direct drinking water intake and indirect drinking water intake were the highest in 45 ～ 64 year-old people,which were 2 409,1 800 and 424 m L/d,respectively. The amount of total water intake and direct water intake were statistically different in different age groups. The result also showed that the total drinking water intake and direct drinking water intake among people of different age and gender in summer and winter were different significantly. Conclusions Gender and age should be taken into account in the assessment of health risk of drinking water intake in Lanzhou.
Objectives To understand the drinking water intake of urban residents in Anning district,Lanzhou to provide basic data for assessing the health risk on drinking water intake. Methods A total of 491 adult residents were randomLy selected by multiple-stage stratified cluster from Anning district in Lanzhou in July,August and December of 2017. The information on drinking water intake of residents was investigated by using quantitative measurement and questionnaire survey. Wilcoxon rank sum test and Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test were used for stratified analysis of drinking water intake. Results The median of total drinking water intake,direct drinking water intake and indirect drinking water intake were 2 210,1 750 and 390 m L/d among all residents in Lanzhou,respectively. The total drinking water intake and direct drinking water intake of male( 2 339 and 1 800 m L/d) was higher than that of female( 2 032 and 1 600 m L/d)( P<0. 05); The total drinking water intake,direct drinking water intake and indirect drinking water intake were the highest in 45 ～ 64 year-old people,which were 2 409,1 800 and 424 m L/d,respectively. The amount of total water intake and direct water intake were statistically different in different age groups. The result also showed that the total drinking water intake and direct drinking water intake among people of different age and gender in summer and winter were different significantly. Conclusions Gender and age should be taken into account in the assessment of health risk of drinking water intake in Lanzhou.
引文
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[14]向明灯,于云江,李琴,等.太湖饮用水源地附近居民暴露参数[J].环境科学研究,2012,25(2):179-185.(In English:Xiang MD,Yu YJ,Li Q,et al.Exposure factors of residents around Taihu lake drinking water source site[J].Res Environ Sci,2012,25(2):179-185.)
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[18]Yoo JI,Choi H,Song SY,et al.Relationship between water intake and skeletal muscle mass in elderly Koreans:a nationwide population-based study[J].Nutrition,2018,53:38-42.
[2]潘康婷.水污染公众健康价值损失评估---以中国32个肿瘤登记点为例[D].杭州:浙江工商大学,2013.(In English:Pan KT.Estimation of the public health value loss caused by water pollution:Based on China’s 32 Cancer Registration Points[J].Hangzhou:Zhejiang Gongshang University,2013.)
[3]赵金辉,郭欣,孙庆华.环境健康风险评估在某市居民生活饮用水中的应用[J].环境卫生学杂志,2018,8(3):221-225.(In English:Zhao JH,Guo X,Sun QH.Application of environmental health risk assessment on the safety of drinking water in a city[J].J Environ Hyg,2018,8(3):221-225.)
[4]段小丽,王宗爽,王贝贝,等.我国北方某地区居民饮水暴露参数研究[J].环境科学研究,2010,23(9):1216-1220.(In English:Duan XL,Wang ZS,Wang BB,et al.Drinking waterrelated exposure factors in a typical area of northern China[J].Res Environ Sci,2010,23(9):1216-1220.)
[5]Yardimci H,Ozdoˇgan Y,Asil E,et al.An evaluation of adults’water and fluid consumption[J].Online J Health Allied Sci,2016,15(3):8.
[6]姜登岭,王少鹏,王清.国内外饮用水暴露参数差异及其对剂量的影响[J].水科学与工程技术,2014(6):1-3.(In English:Jiang DL,Wang SP,Wang Q.Drinking water exposure factors differences between domestic and international and its impact on doses[J].Water Sci Eng Technol,2014(6):1-3.)
[7]李湉湉.推动环境与健康监测和调查在环境健康风险评估中的应用[J].环境卫生学杂志,2018,8(3):176-177.
[8]郑婵娟,赵秀阁,黄楠,等.我国成人饮水摄入量研究[J].环境与健康杂志,2014,31(11):967-970.(In English:Zheng CJ,Zhao XG,Huang N,et al.Investigation of drinking water intake rate of adults in China[J].J Environ Health,2014,31(11):967-970.)
[9]郑婵娟,王贝贝,周桂凤.长沙地区居民饮水暴露参数调查[J].环境与健康杂志,2015,32(7):610-613.(In English:Zheng CJ,Wang BB,Zhou GF.Drinking water exposure factors among residents in Changsha[J].J Environ Health,2015,32(7):610-613.)
[10]Lee KW,Shin D,Song WO.Total water intake from beverages and foods is associated with energy intake and eating behaviors in Korean adults[J].Nutrients,2016,8(10):617.
[11]黄楠,郑婵娟,段小丽,等.饮水暴露健康风险评估中的水摄入率[J].环境与健康杂志,2012,29(2):109-114.(In English:Huang N,Zheng CJ,Duan XL,et al.Water intake rate in health risk assessment for drinking water exposure[J].J Environ Health,2012,29(2):109-114.)
[12]张剑,赵富旺,龚为进.水质健康风险评价的暴露参数研究[J].节水灌溉,2015(6):43-46.(In English:Zhang J,Zhao FW,Gong WJ.Exposure factors for water quality health risk assessment[J].Water Sav Irrig,2015(6):43-46.)
[13]邓玉,倪福全,向璐,等.四川盆地西缘农村居民饮用水健康风险暴露参数的研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2013,32(2):244-250.(In English:Deng Y,Ni FQ,Xiang L,et al.Research on the health risk assessment exposure factors of rural residents’drinking water in the western edge of the Sichuan Basin,China[J].J Agro-Environ Sci,2013,32(2):244-250.)
[14]向明灯,于云江,李琴,等.太湖饮用水源地附近居民暴露参数[J].环境科学研究,2012,25(2):179-185.(In English:Xiang MD,Yu YJ,Li Q,et al.Exposure factors of residents around Taihu lake drinking water source site[J].Res Environ Sci,2012,25(2):179-185.)
[15]U.S.Army.Water consumption planning factors study[R].Fort Lee,VA:Directorate of Combat Developments,U.S.Army Quartermaster School,1983.
[16]Rosinger A,Herrick K.Daily water intake among U.S.men and women,2009-2012[J].NCHS Data Brief,2016(242):1-8.
[17]Mistura L,D’Addezio L,Turrini A.Beverage consumption habits in Italian population:association with total water intake and energy intake[J].Nutrients,2016,8(11):674.
[18]Yoo JI,Choi H,Song SY,et al.Relationship between water intake and skeletal muscle mass in elderly Koreans:a nationwide population-based study[J].Nutrition,2018,53:38-42.