Compatibility Screening of Plant Extracts Synergistic with Osthole
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摘要
Plant pests have been a major problem in agricultural production. To establish sustainable methods for plant pest control, 20 of plant material extracts were selected which were synergistic with Osthole to improve the performance of the osthole existing in products. The preliminary screening results indicated that Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim.(Z. bungeanum Maxim) compounds exerted the highest synergism. A single dose(2 000 mg · L~(-1)) of Z. bungeanum Maxim. crude extracts was used against Plutella xyllostella(P. xyllostella), Lipaphis erysimi(L. erysimi), and Sitophilus zeamais(S. zeamais). For a further examination form Z. bungeanum Maxim., in which crude extracts were mixed with osthole at different ratios. The volume ratio of 7 : 3(Z. bungeanum Maxim. extract: osthole) exhibited a more pronounced synergistic effect, and all the values of the co-toxicity coefficients were above 120. Eight distinct compounds were derived from the ethanol crude extract from Z. bungeanum Maxim.Then, the toxicity of these components to pests, such as P. xyllostella, L. erysimi, S. zeamais, Rhizopertha dominica(R. dominica),and Tribolium castaneum Herbst(T. castaneum Herbst), was determined. The results indicated that Compound 4 and Compound 7 exerted lethal effects on pest investigation. Compound 4 had the most substantial insecticidal action, at a concentration of64 ug · mL~(-1), and a death ratio of 78.3% was achieved for P. xyllostella.
Plant pests have been a major problem in agricultural production. To establish sustainable methods for plant pest control, 20 of plant material extracts were selected which were synergistic with Osthole to improve the performance of the osthole existing in products. The preliminary screening results indicated that Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim.(Z. bungeanum Maxim) compounds exerted the highest synergism. A single dose(2 000 mg · L~(-1)) of Z. bungeanum Maxim. crude extracts was used against Plutella xyllostella(P. xyllostella), Lipaphis erysimi(L. erysimi), and Sitophilus zeamais(S. zeamais). For a further examination form Z. bungeanum Maxim., in which crude extracts were mixed with osthole at different ratios. The volume ratio of 7 : 3(Z. bungeanum Maxim. extract: osthole) exhibited a more pronounced synergistic effect, and all the values of the co-toxicity coefficients were above 120. Eight distinct compounds were derived from the ethanol crude extract from Z. bungeanum Maxim.Then, the toxicity of these components to pests, such as P. xyllostella, L. erysimi, S. zeamais, Rhizopertha dominica(R. dominica),and Tribolium castaneum Herbst(T. castaneum Herbst), was determined. The results indicated that Compound 4 and Compound 7 exerted lethal effects on pest investigation. Compound 4 had the most substantial insecticidal action, at a concentration of64 ug · mL~(-1), and a death ratio of 78.3% was achieved for P. xyllostella.
Plant pests have been a major problem in agricultural production. To establish sustainable methods for plant pest control, 20 of plant material extracts were selected which were synergistic with Osthole to improve the performance of the osthole existing in products. The preliminary screening results indicated that Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim.(Z. bungeanum Maxim) compounds exerted the highest synergism. A single dose(2 000 mg · L~(-1)) of Z. bungeanum Maxim. crude extracts was used against Plutella xyllostella(P. xyllostella), Lipaphis erysimi(L. erysimi), and Sitophilus zeamais(S. zeamais). For a further examination form Z. bungeanum Maxim., in which crude extracts were mixed with osthole at different ratios. The volume ratio of 7 : 3(Z. bungeanum Maxim. extract: osthole) exhibited a more pronounced synergistic effect, and all the values of the co-toxicity coefficients were above 120. Eight distinct compounds were derived from the ethanol crude extract from Z. bungeanum Maxim.Then, the toxicity of these components to pests, such as P. xyllostella, L. erysimi, S. zeamais, Rhizopertha dominica(R. dominica),and Tribolium castaneum Herbst(T. castaneum Herbst), was determined. The results indicated that Compound 4 and Compound 7 exerted lethal effects on pest investigation. Compound 4 had the most substantial insecticidal action, at a concentration of64 ug · mL~(-1), and a death ratio of 78.3% was achieved for P. xyllostella.
引文
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Sakai S.1960.Insect toxicological studies on the joint toxic action of insecticides.Journal of Emergency Medicine,34(4):441-450.
Sun Y,Johnson E R.1960.Analysis of joint action of insecticides against house flies.Journal of Economic Entomology,53(5):887-892.
Sutherland I A,Fisher D.2009.Role of counter-current chromatography in the modernisation of Chinese herbal medicines.Journal of Chromatography A,1216(4):740-753.
Wang J,Wei X U.2013.Control effects of new green-stored grain protectants Osthole against stored-grain pests.Grain Processing.
Xia C.2009.Bioactivity of osthole powder against five species of stored-grain insect.Journal of the Chinese Cereals&Oils Association,24(9):109-111.
Xu H,Zhang J L.2011.Natural products-based insecticidal agents 9.Design,semisynthesis and insecticidal activity of 28-acyloxy derivatives of toosendanin against Mythimna separata Walker in vivo.Bioorganic&Medicinal Chemistry Letters,21(7):1974-1977.
Yang X H,Ma F G Liang P G.2000.Compound fructus cnidii water effect on the activity of Staphylococcus aureus coagulase.The Doctor of Traditional Chinese Medicine,3:32-37.
Yen Y P,Yeh M J,Hsiao W F.2007.Synthesis and nematocidal activity of ascaridole derivatives against Meloidogyne incognita and Aphelenchoides besseyi.Journal of Pesticide Science,32(l):49-52.
Zeng L.2009.Efficacy of osthole powder against stored grain pests.Grain Storage,3:7-9.
Zhou Q,Liang G W,Zeng L,et al.2002.The control efficiency of plant alcohol extracts on laboratory populations of Myzus persicae(Sulzer)and Lipaphis erysimi(Kaltenbach).Agricultural Sciences in China,1(11):1199-1203.
Duke S O,Cantrell C L,Meepagala K M,et al.2010.Natural toxins for use in pest management.Toxins,2(8):1943-1962.
Finney D J.1952.Probit analysis.2nd ed.Journal of the Institute of Actuaries,3:388-390.
Huang X Y,Li O W,Xu H H.2010.Induction of programmed death and cytoskeletal damage on Trichoplusia ni,BTI-Tn-5B1-4 cells by azadirachtin.Pesticide Biochemistry&Physiology,98(2):289-295.
Isman M B.2004.Plant essential oils as green pesticides for pest and disease management.Agricultural Applications in Green Chemistry.American Chemical Society,4:41-51.
Isman M B.2006.Botanical insecticides,deterrents,and repellents in modern agriculture and an increasingly regulated world.Annual Review of Entomology,51(51):45-66.
Li L,Qiu Y.1997.Common cnidium fruit grain of local anesthesia effect closed.Shanghai Laboratory Animal Science,3:133-136.
Nakai Y,Tepp W H,Dickerson T J,et al.2009.Function-oriented synthesis applied to the anti-botulinum natural product toosendanin.Bioorganic&Medicinal Chemistry,17(3):1152-1157.
Oh L M,Spoors P G,Goodman R M.2004.A new and convenient insitu method of generating phenyl isocyanates from anilines using oxalyl chloride.Cheminform,45(24):4769-4771.
Sakai S.1960.Insect toxicological studies on the joint toxic action of insecticides.Journal of Emergency Medicine,34(4):441-450.
Sun Y,Johnson E R.1960.Analysis of joint action of insecticides against house flies.Journal of Economic Entomology,53(5):887-892.
Sutherland I A,Fisher D.2009.Role of counter-current chromatography in the modernisation of Chinese herbal medicines.Journal of Chromatography A,1216(4):740-753.
Wang J,Wei X U.2013.Control effects of new green-stored grain protectants Osthole against stored-grain pests.Grain Processing.
Xia C.2009.Bioactivity of osthole powder against five species of stored-grain insect.Journal of the Chinese Cereals&Oils Association,24(9):109-111.
Xu H,Zhang J L.2011.Natural products-based insecticidal agents 9.Design,semisynthesis and insecticidal activity of 28-acyloxy derivatives of toosendanin against Mythimna separata Walker in vivo.Bioorganic&Medicinal Chemistry Letters,21(7):1974-1977.
Yang X H,Ma F G Liang P G.2000.Compound fructus cnidii water effect on the activity of Staphylococcus aureus coagulase.The Doctor of Traditional Chinese Medicine,3:32-37.
Yen Y P,Yeh M J,Hsiao W F.2007.Synthesis and nematocidal activity of ascaridole derivatives against Meloidogyne incognita and Aphelenchoides besseyi.Journal of Pesticide Science,32(l):49-52.
Zeng L.2009.Efficacy of osthole powder against stored grain pests.Grain Storage,3:7-9.
Zhou Q,Liang G W,Zeng L,et al.2002.The control efficiency of plant alcohol extracts on laboratory populations of Myzus persicae(Sulzer)and Lipaphis erysimi(Kaltenbach).Agricultural Sciences in China,1(11):1199-1203.