沙漠区域输电问题研究现状及展望
|
摘要
我国西北沙漠地区能源丰富,是我国重要的能源基地和电力送端,但是区域内存在的沙尘暴极端环境,给电网建设及运行维护带来了巨大的挑战。为此整理并总结了沙漠区域与输电相关的研究现状,提出了沙漠区域输电亟需解决的关键问题,主要包括:回顾了沙漠区域电力外绝缘的研究进展,分析表明沙漠区域强风和强污秽仍是电力外绝缘的重要影响因素;综述了沙尘暴对输变电设备损伤的研究现状,提出了建立沙漠模拟环境来研究风致振动、风沙侵蚀等对电力设备的可靠性影响;总结了沙尘暴监测的技术发展,建议发展卫星遥感、雷达监测以及光纤传感等技术来建立沙尘暴的电网监测预警机制以及应急防御体系。
Possessing abundant energy in northwest desert regions of China, these regions become energy bases and power sending end, but severe storm in the regions brings the challenge to the construction and safety operation of regional power grid. On the basis of summarizing the status of technical research on power transmission in desert areas, we put forward the key prospect of power grid that should be resolved urgently. Firstly, the research progress in external insulation is reviewed to find the focus of power delivery in desert areas, and it is found that the important influential factors on the external insulation are high wind and heavy pollution. Secondly, the comment of research status is highlighted on the damages of sandstorm on transmission and transformation equipment. It is proposed that the laboratory of desert environment simulation should be established to research the wind-induced vibration of power equipment, and a synthetic effect of wind and sand dust should be considered. Finally, technological development is summarized on sand storms monitoring, and the suggestion is presented that applications of remote sensing, radar monitoring, and optical fiber technology should be reinforced in the power monitoring and warning mechanism for sand storm and emergency defense system for power grid in desert areas.
Possessing abundant energy in northwest desert regions of China, these regions become energy bases and power sending end, but severe storm in the regions brings the challenge to the construction and safety operation of regional power grid. On the basis of summarizing the status of technical research on power transmission in desert areas, we put forward the key prospect of power grid that should be resolved urgently. Firstly, the research progress in external insulation is reviewed to find the focus of power delivery in desert areas, and it is found that the important influential factors on the external insulation are high wind and heavy pollution. Secondly, the comment of research status is highlighted on the damages of sandstorm on transmission and transformation equipment. It is proposed that the laboratory of desert environment simulation should be established to research the wind-induced vibration of power equipment, and a synthetic effect of wind and sand dust should be considered. Finally, technological development is summarized on sand storms monitoring, and the suggestion is presented that applications of remote sensing, radar monitoring, and optical fiber technology should be reinforced in the power monitoring and warning mechanism for sand storm and emergency defense system for power grid in desert areas.
引文
[1]高庆先,任阵海,张志刚,等.沙尘天气对大气环境影响[M].北京:科学出版社,2010.GAO Qingxian,REN Zhenhai,ZHANG Zhigang,et al.Dust events and its impacts on atmospheric environment[M].Beijing,China:Science Press,2010.
[2]李娟.中亚地区沙尘气溶胶的理化特性、来源、长途传输及其对全球变化的可能性[D].上海:复旦大学,2009.LI Juan.Characteristics,source,long-rang transport of dust aerosol over the central Asia and its potential effect on global change[D].Shanghai,China:Fudan University,2009.
[3]李红军,杨兴华,赵勇,等.塔里木盆地春季沙尘暴频次与大气环流的关系[J].中国沙漠,2012,32(4):1077-1081.LI Hongjun,YANG Xinhua,ZHAO Yong,et al.Relationship between spring sandstorm frequency in the Tarim Basin and atmospheric circulation[J].Journal of Desert Research,2012,32(4):1077-1081.
[4]QURESHI M I,AL-ARAINY A A,MALIK N H.Performance of rod-rod gaps in the presence of dust particles under lightning impulses[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,1991,6(2):706-714.
[5]QURESHI M I,AL-ARAINY A A,MALIK N H.Performance of rod-rod gaps in the presence of dust particles under standard switching impulses[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,1993,8(3):1045-1051.
[6]AL-ARAINY A A,MALIK N H,QURESHI M I.Influence of desert pollution on the lightning impulse breakdown voltages of rod to plane air gaps[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,1991,6(1):421-428.
[7]AL-ARAINY A A,MALIK N H,QURESHI M I.Influence of sand/dust contamination on the breakdown of asymmetrical air gaps under lightning impulses[J].IEEE Transactions on Electrical Insulation,1992,27(2):193-206.
[8]AL-ARAINY A A,MALIK N H,QURESHI M I.Influence of sand/dust contamination on the breakdown of asymmetrical air gaps under switch impulses[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Elec-trical Insulation,1994,1(2):305-314.
[9]邓鹤鸣,何正浩,马军,等.沙尘天气下大粒径沙尘对放电过程的影响[J].高电压技术,2010,36(5):1247-1252.DENG Heming,HE Zhenghao,MA Jun,et al.Effect of large sanddust particles on discharge development in sand dust weather[J].High Voltage Engineering,2010,36(5):1247-1252.
[10]朱雷,刘云鹏,耿江海.高海拔沙尘条件下750 kV输电线路导线电晕损失特性[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(22):5924-5932.ZHU Lei,LIU Yunpeng,GENG Jianghai.Influence of sandy condition on corona loss characteristic of the 750 kV bundle conductors in high altitude area[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(22):5924-5932.
[11]LAGHARI J R,QURESHI A H.A review of particle-contaminated gas breakdown[J].IEEE Transactions on Electrical Insulation,1981,16(5):388-398.
[12]ZED AN F M,AKB AR M A,FARAG A S A,et al.Performance of HV transmission line insulators in desert conditions.I.Review of research and methods adopted internationally[J].IEEE Transactions on Electrical Insulation,1983,18(2):97-109.
[13]AKBAR M A,ZED AN F M,ABDUL-MAJEED M A,et al.Design of HV transmission lines to combat insulator pollution problems in the eastern region of Saudi Arabia[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,1991,6(4):1912-1921.
[14]AKBAR M A,ZED AN F M.Performance of HV transmission line insulators in desert conditions.Ⅲ.Pollution measurements at a coastal site in the eastern region of Saudi Arabia[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,1991,6(1):429-438.
[15]ZED AN F M,AKABAR M A.Performance of HV transmission line insulators in desert conditions.Ⅳ.study of insulators at a semicoastal site in the eastern region of Saudi Arabia[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,1991,6(1):439-447.
[16]FARAG A S A,ZEDAN F M,CHENG T C.Analytical studies of HV insulators in Saudi Arabia-theoretical aspects[J].IEEE Transactions on Electrical Insulation,1993,28(3):379-391.
[17]HAMZA A H A,ABDELGAWAD N M K,ARAFA B A.Effect of desert environmental conditions on the flashover voltage of insulators[J].Energy Conversion and Management,2002,43(17):2437-2442.
[18]AWAD M M,SAID H M,ARAFA B A,et al.Effect of sandstorms with charged particles on the flashover and breakdown of transmission lines[C]//CIGRE Session 2002.[S.l.]:CIGRE,2002:1-5.
[19]ARAFA B A,NOSSEIR A.Effect of severe sandstorms on the performance of polymeric insulators[C]//CIGRE Session 2012.[S.l.]:CIGRE,2012:1-8.
[20]司马文霞,杨庆,吴亮,等.平板模型沿面工频沙尘闪络特性的试验研究及放电机制分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(1):6-13.SIMA Wenxia,YANG Qing,WU Liang,et al.Experiment research and mechanism analysis on the sand dust flashover of flat plate model under AC voltage[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2010,30(1):6-13.
[21]SIMA W X,YANG Q,MA G Q.Experiments and analysis of sand dust flashover of the flat plate model[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2010,17(2):572-581.
[22]HE B,JIN H Y,GAO N K,et al.Characteristics of dust deposition on suspended insulators during simulated sandstorm[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2010,17(1):100-105.
[23]HALBRITTER J.On contamination on electrode surfaces and electric field limitations[J].IEEE Transactions on Electrical Insulation,1985,EI-20(4):671-679.
[24]BABAEVA N YU,BHOJ A N,KUSHNER M J.Streamer dynamics ingases containing dust particles[J].Plasma Sources Science and Technology,2006,15(4):591-602.
[25]DENG H,HE Z,XU Y,et al.An investigation on two-phase mixture discharges:the effects of macroparticle sizes[J].Journal of Physics D:Applied Physics,2010,43(25):225203.1-225203.11.
[26]SHAW P E.Tribo-electricity and friction,Ⅳ:electricity due to air-blow particles[J].Proceedings of the Royal Society A:Mathematical Physical&Engineering Sciences,1929,122(789):49-58.
[27]GILL E W B.Frictional electrification of sand[J].Nature,1948,18(4119):568-569.
[28]LATHAM J.The electrification of snowstorm and sandstorms[J].Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society,1964,90(383):91-95.
[29]SCHMIDT D S,DENT J D.A theoretical prediction of the effects of electrostatic forces on salting snow particles[J].Annals of Glaciology,1993,18(1):234-238.
[30]SCHMIDT D S,SCHMIDT R A,DENT J D.Electrostatic force on saltating sand[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1998,103(D8):8997-9001.
[31]ZHENG X J,HUANG N,ZHOU Y H.Laboratory measurement of electrification of wind-blown sands and simulation of its effect on sand saltation movement[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,2003,108(D10):4322.1-4322.9.
[32]HE Q,ZHOU Y,ZHENG X,et al.Effects of charged sand on electromagnetic wave propagation and its scattering field[J].Science China Physics,Mechanics&Astronomy,2006,49(1):77-87.
[33]HU W,XIE L,ZHENG X.Simulation of the electrification of wind-blown sand[J].The European Physical Journal E,2012,35(3):1-8
[34]BO T L,ZHANG H,HU W W,et al.The analysis of electrification in windblown sand[J].Aeolian Research,2013,11(1):15-21.
[35]屈建军,言穆弘,董光荣,等.沙尘暴起电的风洞模拟实验研究[J].中国科学D辑,2003,33(6):593-601.QU Jianjun,YAN Muhong,DONG Guangrong,et al.Summary on windtunnel simulation experiment study of sandstorm electrification[J].Chinese Science(D),2003,33(6):593-601.
[36]屈建军,俎瑞平,言穆弘,等.扬沙和沙尘暴对导线电位影响的风洞模拟实验.中国沙漠,2004,24(5):534-538.QU Jianjun,ZU Ruiping,YAN Muhong,et al.Wind tunnel simulation of effect of sandstorm on electrical wire voltage[J].Journal of Desert Research,2004,24(5):534-538.
[37]唐秋明,高强.风沙流对高压绝缘子电位和电场分布的影响[J].计算物理,2016,33(5):539-546.TANG Qiuming,GAO Qiang.Influence of wind sand flow on potential and electric field distributions along high voltage insulators[J].Chinese Journal of Computational Physics,2016,33(5):539-546.
[38]闵绚,邵瑰玮,文志科,等.国内外悬垂绝缘子串风偏设计参数对比与分析[J].电力建设,2013,34(4):19-26.MIN Xuan,SHAO Guiwei,WEN Zhike,et al.Analysis on windage design parameters of suspension insulator string at home and abroad[J].Electric Power Construction,2013,34(4):19-26.
[39]严波,林雪松,罗伟,等.绝缘子串风偏角风荷载调整系数的研究[J].工程力学,2010,27(1):221-227.YAN Bo,LIN Xuesong,LUO Wei,et al.Research on dynamic wind load factors for windage yaw angle of suspension insulator strings[J].Engineering Mechanics,2010,27(1):221-227.
[40]YAN B,LIN X,LUO W,et al.Numerical study on dynamic swing of suspension insulator string in overhead transmission line under wind load[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2010,25(1):248-259.
[41]王声学,吴广宁,范建斌,等.500kV输电线路悬垂绝缘子串风偏闪络的研究[J].电网技术,2008,32(9):65-69.WANG Shengxue,WU Guangning,FAN Jianbin,et al.Study on flashover of suspension insulator string caused by windage yaw in 500kV transmission lines[J].Power System Technology,2008,32(9):65-69.
[42]贾伯岩,耿江海,方春华,等.风速及风向对复合绝缘子闪络特性的影响[J].高电压技术,2012,38(1):75-81.JIA Boyan,GENG Jianghai,FANG Chunhua,et al.Influence of wind speed and direction on flashover characteristic of composite insulators[J].High Voltage Engineering,2012,38(1):75-81.
[43]楼文娟,杨悦,卢明,等.连续多跨输电线路动态风偏特征及计算模型[J].电力建设,2015,36(2):1-8.LOU Wenjuan,YANG Yue,LU Ming,et al.Conductor swinging dynamic characteristic and calculation model of continuous multi-span transmission line[J].Electric Power Construction,2015,36(2):1-8.
[44]楼文娟,杨悦,吕中宾,等.考虑气动阻尼效应的输电线路风偏动态分析方法[J].振动与冲击,2015,34(6):24-29.LOU Wenjuan,YANG Yue,LU Zhongbin,et al.Windage yaw dynamic analysis methods for transmission lines considering aerodynamic damping effect[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2015,34(6):24-29.
[45]沈志舒,刘春翔,王建,等.线路绝缘子表面积污物源分布特性[J].电瓷避雷器,2016(6):56-60.SHENG Zhishu,LIU Chunxiang,WANG Jian,et al.The source distribution features of the contamination on the insulator surface in the transmission lines[J].Insulators and Surge Arresters,2016(6):56-60.
[46]王希林,朱正一,马国祥,等.强风区复合绝缘子伞裙撕裂研究[J].电网技术,2013,37(10):2843-2849.WANG Xilin,ZHU Zhengyi,MA Guoxiang,et al.Research on shed crack of composite insulators used in strong wind area[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(10):2843-2849.
[47]朱正一,贾志东,马国祥,等.强风区750kV复合绝缘子伞裙破坏机制分析研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(6):947-954.ZHU Zhengyi,JIA Zhidong,MA Guoxiang,et al.Analysis on fracture failure mechanism of 750 kV composite insulator sheds utilized in a storm-hit region[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(6):947-954.
[48]ZHU Z,JIA Z,MA G,et al.Fatigue fracture of composite insulators sheds utilized in strong wind areas[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2015,22(3):1636-1643.
[49]雷云泽,贾志东,赵莉华,等.复合绝缘子风压分布研究及抗风性能检测方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(9):2545-2553.LEI Yunze,JIA Zhidong,ZHAO Lihua,et al.Study on the distribution of wind pressure of composite insulators and the testing method of anti-wind performance[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(9):2545-2553.
[50]朱正一,贾志东,马国祥,等.强风区750kV复合绝缘子抗风性能研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(21):5648-5655.ZHU Zhengyi,JIA Zhidong,MA Guoxiang et al.Study on wind resistance performance of 750 kV composite insulators utilized in storm-wind region[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(21):5648-5655.
[51]王言,贾志东,朱正一,等.基于流固耦合方法的强风区复合绝缘子结构研究[J].电网技术,2016,40(1):316-321.WANG Yan,JIA Zhidong,ZHU Zhengyi,et al.Research on the structure of composite insulators used in strong wind area based on fluid-structure interaction method[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(1):316-321.
[52]郭勇,孙炳楠,叶尹.大跨越输电塔线体系风振响应的时域分析[J].土木工程学报,2006,39(12):12-17.GUO Yong,SUN Bingnan,YE Yin.Time-domain analysis on wind-induced dynamic response of long span power transmission line systems[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2006,39(12):12-17.
[53]郭勇.大跨越输电塔线体系的风振响应及振动控制研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2006.GUO Yong.Studies on wind-induced dynamic response and vibration control of long span transmissionline system[D].Hangzhou,China:Zhejiang Universtiy,2006.
[54]李正良,肖正直,韩枫,等.1000 kV汉江大跨越特高压输电塔线体系气动弹性模型的设计与风洞试验[J].电网技术,2008,32(12):1-5.LI Zhengliang,XIAO Zhengzhi,HAN Feng,et al.Aeroelastic model design and wind tunnel tests of 1 000 kV Hanjiang long span transmission line system[J].Power System Technology,2008,32(12):1-5.
[55]肖正直,李正良,汪之松,等.1000 kV汉江大跨越塔线体系风洞实验与风振响应分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2009,29(34):84-89.XIAO Zhengzhi,LI Zhengliang,WANG Zhisong,et al.Wind tunnel tests and wind-induced responses analysis of 1 000 kV Hanjiang long span transmission line system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2009,29(34):84-89.
[56]汪之松.特高压输电塔线体系风振响应及风振疲劳性能研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2009.WANG Zhisong.Study on wind-induced response and fatigue of UHV transmission tower-line coupled system[D].Chongqing,China:Chongqing University,2009.
[57]夏莹沛.输电线路涡致振动与尾流效应的数值仿真[D].保定:华北电カ大学,2014.XIA Yingpei.Numerical simulation of transmission line vortex-induced vibration and wake effects[D].Baoding,China:North China Electric Power University,2014.
[58]张春涛.腐蚀环境和风振疲劳耦合作用下输电塔线体系疲劳性能研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2012.ZHANG Chuntao.Study on fatigue of transmission tower-line coupled system with the coupling effect between corrosion and fatigue vibration[D].Chongqing,China:Chongqing University,2012.
[59]王建,邓鹤鸣,刘劲松,等.风害区域750kV变电站构架避雷针变形分析及应对措施[J].电瓷避雷器,2017(2):14-18.WANG Jian,DENG Heming,LIU Jinsong,et al.The deformation analysis and countermeasures on the frame lightning rod of 750 kV substation in the wind damage areas[J].Insulators and Surge Arresters,2017(2):14-18.
[60]变电站建筑结构设计技术规程:DL/T5457—2012[S].北京:中国电カ出版社,2012.Technical code for the design of substation buildings and structures:DL/T 5457—2012[S].Beijing,China:China Electric Power Press,2012.
[61]周国成,柳贡民,马俊,等.圆柱涡激振动数值模拟研究[J].噪声与振动控制,2010,30(5):51-55,59.ZHOU Guocheng,LIU Gongmin,MA Jun,et al.Numerical simulation of vortex-induced vibration of a circular cy Under[J].Noise and Vibration Control,2010,30(5):51-55,59.
[62]紧固件机械性能:螺栓、螺钉和螺柱:GB/T3098.1—2010[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2010.Mechanical properties of fasteners:bolts,screws and studs:GB/T3098.1—2010[S].Beijing,China:China Standards Press,2010.
[63]刘文白,刘占江,曹玉生,等.沙漠地区输电线路铁塔基础抗拔试验[J].岩土工程学报,1999,21(5):564-568.LIU Wenbai,LIU Zhanjiang,CAO Yusheng,et al.Uplift test of foundation of electric power line tower in desert area[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1999,21(5):564-568.
[64]乾增珍,鲁先龙,丁士君.上拔与水平カ组合作用下加筋风积沙斜柱扩展基础试验[J].岩土工程学报,2011,33(3):373-379.QIAN Zengzhen,LU Xianlong,DING Shijun.Experiments on pad and chimney foundation in reinforced aeolian sand under uplift combined with horizontal loads[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2011,33(3):373-379.
[65]程永锋,丁士君.沙漠地区风积沙地基输电线路装配式基础真型试验研究[J].岩土力学,2012,33(11):3230-3236.CHENG Yongfeng,DING Shijun.Prototype tests of assembly foundation of transmission line in aeolian sand area[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2012,33(11):3230-3236.
[66]张丽.输电线绝缘子金具的风振响应及疲劳特性分析[D].苏州:苏州大学,2010.ZHANG Li.Wind vibration response and fatigue analysis of insulator on transmission line[D].Suzhou,China:Suzhou University,2010.
[67]杨现臣,李新梅.新疆大风区输电线U型环磨损试验分析[J].铸造技术,2016,37(10):2055-2057.YANG Xianchen,LI Xinmei.Analysis on wear test of power line U-shaped ring in Xinjiang wind region[J].Foundry Technology,2016,37(10):2055-2057.
[68]芦信.风沙两相流对架空导线磨损的实验研究[D].保定:华北电力大学,2013.LU Xin.Experimental research on transmission line wron in wind-sand two-phase flow[D].Baoding,China:North China Electric Power University,2013.
[69]张秀丽,柯睿,杨跃光,等.酸性湿沉降区域500kV输电线路金具缺陷机理分析及防范措施[J].高电压技木,2016,42(1):223-232.ZHANG Xiuli,KE Rui,YANG Yueguang,et al.Mechanism analysis and prevention countermeasures of hardware defects on 500 kV transmission lines of acid wet subsidence areas[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(1):223-232.
[70]陈军君,胡加瑞,谢亿,等.典型エ业区输电线路金具腐蚀失效分析[J].腐蚀科学与防护技木,2013,25(6):508-513.CHEN Junjun,HU Jiarui,XIE Yi,et al.Corrosion failure of fittings in electric power transmission line in typical industrial areas[J].Corrosion Science and Protection Technology,2013,25(6):508-513.
[71]陈军君,李明,胡加瑞,等.酸雨地区电カ金具腐蚀速度模型和寿命评估[J].华东电力,2013,41(5):1037-1039.CHEN Junjun,LI Ming,HU Jiarui,et al.Corrosion rate model and life assessment of electric power fittings in acid rain area[J].East China Electric Power,2013,41(5):1037-1039.
[72]沙尘暴天气监测规范:GB/T20479—2006[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2006.Technical regulations of sand and dust storm monitoring:GB/T20479—2006[S].Beijing,China:China Standards Press,2006.
[73]沙尘暴天气等级:GB/T20480—2006[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2006.Grade of sand and dust storm weather:GB/T 20480—2006[S].Beijing,China:China Standards Press,2006.
[74]沙尘暴天气预警:GB/T28593—2012[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2012.Warning of sand and dust storm weather:GB/T 28593—2012[S].Beijing,China:China Standards Press,2012.
[75]郑新江,刘诚,罗敬宁.气象卫星多通道信息监测沙尘暴的研宄[J].遥感学报,2001,5(4):300-305.ZHENG Xinjian,LIU Cheng,LUO Jingning.Research on theduststorm monitoring using multi_channel meteorological satellite data[J].Journal of Remote Sensing,2001,5(4):300-305.
[76]ZHOU Z,WANG X.Analysis of the severe group dust storms in eastern part of Northwest China[J].Journal of Geographical Sciences,2002,12(3):357-362.
[77]TSOLMAN R,OCHIRKHUYAG L.STERNBERG T.Monitoring the source of trans-national dust storms in north east Asia[J].International Journal of Digital Earth,2008,1(1):119-129.
[78]董旭辉,祁辉,任立军,等.偏振激光雷达在沙尘暴观测中的数据解析[J].环境科学研究,2007,20(2):106-111.DONG Xuhui,QI Hui,REN Lijun,et al.Application and data demonstration of lidar in sandstorm observation[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2007,20(2):106-111.
[79]申莉莉,盛立芳,陈静静.一次强沙尘暴过程中沙尘气溶胶空间分布的初步分析[J].中国沙漠,2010,30(6):1483-1490.SHEN Lili,SHENG Lifang,CHEN Jingjing.Preliminary analysis of the spatial distribution of the dust aerosol in a heavy dust storm[J].Journal of Desert Research,2010,30(6):1483-1490.
[80]UNO I,YUMIMOTO K,SHIMIZU A.3D structure of Asian dust transport revealed by CALIPSO Lidar and a 4DVAR dust model[J].Geophysical Research Letters,2008,35(6):341-356.
[81]王敏仲.基于风廓线雷达的沙尘暴和降水过程探测分析[D].兰州:兰州大学,2014.WANG Minzhong.Detection analysis of sandstorm and precipitation process based on wind-profiling radar[D].Lanzhou,China:Lanzhou University,2014.
[82]蔡炜.光纤光栅复合绝缘子研制与状态监测技术研究[D].武汉:武汉大学,2011.CAI Wei.Research and condition monitoring technology of composite insulators with fiber bragg grating implanted[D].Wuhan,China:Wuhan University,2009.
[83]陈庭记,蔡炜,邓鹤鸣,等.复合绝缘子综合监测现场应用探讨[J].电瓷避雷器,2013(3):31-35.CHEN Tingji,CAI Wei,DENG Heming,et al.Field application of the integrated monitoring on composite insulators[J].Insulators and Surge Arresters,2013(3):31-35.
[84]吴飞.基于光纤光栅的多力参数测量及信号分析技术的研究[D].秦皇岛:燕山大学,2007.WU Fei.Study on multi-mechanics parameters measurement and signal analysis technique based on fiber grating[D].Qinhuangdao,China:Yanshan University,2007.
[85]WU F,YANG H,TENG F,et al.Research on the characteristics of a twisted high birefringence fiber grating[J].Optoelectronics Letters,2006,2(6):408-411.
[86]傅志辉.新型光纤激光器与高灵敏度光纤振动传感器研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2009.FU Zhihui.Research on novel fiber lasers and high sensitive fiber-optic sesors[D].Hangzhou,China:Zhejiang University,2009.
[2]李娟.中亚地区沙尘气溶胶的理化特性、来源、长途传输及其对全球变化的可能性[D].上海:复旦大学,2009.LI Juan.Characteristics,source,long-rang transport of dust aerosol over the central Asia and its potential effect on global change[D].Shanghai,China:Fudan University,2009.
[3]李红军,杨兴华,赵勇,等.塔里木盆地春季沙尘暴频次与大气环流的关系[J].中国沙漠,2012,32(4):1077-1081.LI Hongjun,YANG Xinhua,ZHAO Yong,et al.Relationship between spring sandstorm frequency in the Tarim Basin and atmospheric circulation[J].Journal of Desert Research,2012,32(4):1077-1081.
[4]QURESHI M I,AL-ARAINY A A,MALIK N H.Performance of rod-rod gaps in the presence of dust particles under lightning impulses[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,1991,6(2):706-714.
[5]QURESHI M I,AL-ARAINY A A,MALIK N H.Performance of rod-rod gaps in the presence of dust particles under standard switching impulses[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,1993,8(3):1045-1051.
[6]AL-ARAINY A A,MALIK N H,QURESHI M I.Influence of desert pollution on the lightning impulse breakdown voltages of rod to plane air gaps[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,1991,6(1):421-428.
[7]AL-ARAINY A A,MALIK N H,QURESHI M I.Influence of sand/dust contamination on the breakdown of asymmetrical air gaps under lightning impulses[J].IEEE Transactions on Electrical Insulation,1992,27(2):193-206.
[8]AL-ARAINY A A,MALIK N H,QURESHI M I.Influence of sand/dust contamination on the breakdown of asymmetrical air gaps under switch impulses[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Elec-trical Insulation,1994,1(2):305-314.
[9]邓鹤鸣,何正浩,马军,等.沙尘天气下大粒径沙尘对放电过程的影响[J].高电压技术,2010,36(5):1247-1252.DENG Heming,HE Zhenghao,MA Jun,et al.Effect of large sanddust particles on discharge development in sand dust weather[J].High Voltage Engineering,2010,36(5):1247-1252.
[10]朱雷,刘云鹏,耿江海.高海拔沙尘条件下750 kV输电线路导线电晕损失特性[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(22):5924-5932.ZHU Lei,LIU Yunpeng,GENG Jianghai.Influence of sandy condition on corona loss characteristic of the 750 kV bundle conductors in high altitude area[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(22):5924-5932.
[11]LAGHARI J R,QURESHI A H.A review of particle-contaminated gas breakdown[J].IEEE Transactions on Electrical Insulation,1981,16(5):388-398.
[12]ZED AN F M,AKB AR M A,FARAG A S A,et al.Performance of HV transmission line insulators in desert conditions.I.Review of research and methods adopted internationally[J].IEEE Transactions on Electrical Insulation,1983,18(2):97-109.
[13]AKBAR M A,ZED AN F M,ABDUL-MAJEED M A,et al.Design of HV transmission lines to combat insulator pollution problems in the eastern region of Saudi Arabia[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,1991,6(4):1912-1921.
[14]AKBAR M A,ZED AN F M.Performance of HV transmission line insulators in desert conditions.Ⅲ.Pollution measurements at a coastal site in the eastern region of Saudi Arabia[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,1991,6(1):429-438.
[15]ZED AN F M,AKABAR M A.Performance of HV transmission line insulators in desert conditions.Ⅳ.study of insulators at a semicoastal site in the eastern region of Saudi Arabia[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,1991,6(1):439-447.
[16]FARAG A S A,ZEDAN F M,CHENG T C.Analytical studies of HV insulators in Saudi Arabia-theoretical aspects[J].IEEE Transactions on Electrical Insulation,1993,28(3):379-391.
[17]HAMZA A H A,ABDELGAWAD N M K,ARAFA B A.Effect of desert environmental conditions on the flashover voltage of insulators[J].Energy Conversion and Management,2002,43(17):2437-2442.
[18]AWAD M M,SAID H M,ARAFA B A,et al.Effect of sandstorms with charged particles on the flashover and breakdown of transmission lines[C]//CIGRE Session 2002.[S.l.]:CIGRE,2002:1-5.
[19]ARAFA B A,NOSSEIR A.Effect of severe sandstorms on the performance of polymeric insulators[C]//CIGRE Session 2012.[S.l.]:CIGRE,2012:1-8.
[20]司马文霞,杨庆,吴亮,等.平板模型沿面工频沙尘闪络特性的试验研究及放电机制分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(1):6-13.SIMA Wenxia,YANG Qing,WU Liang,et al.Experiment research and mechanism analysis on the sand dust flashover of flat plate model under AC voltage[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2010,30(1):6-13.
[21]SIMA W X,YANG Q,MA G Q.Experiments and analysis of sand dust flashover of the flat plate model[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2010,17(2):572-581.
[22]HE B,JIN H Y,GAO N K,et al.Characteristics of dust deposition on suspended insulators during simulated sandstorm[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2010,17(1):100-105.
[23]HALBRITTER J.On contamination on electrode surfaces and electric field limitations[J].IEEE Transactions on Electrical Insulation,1985,EI-20(4):671-679.
[24]BABAEVA N YU,BHOJ A N,KUSHNER M J.Streamer dynamics ingases containing dust particles[J].Plasma Sources Science and Technology,2006,15(4):591-602.
[25]DENG H,HE Z,XU Y,et al.An investigation on two-phase mixture discharges:the effects of macroparticle sizes[J].Journal of Physics D:Applied Physics,2010,43(25):225203.1-225203.11.
[26]SHAW P E.Tribo-electricity and friction,Ⅳ:electricity due to air-blow particles[J].Proceedings of the Royal Society A:Mathematical Physical&Engineering Sciences,1929,122(789):49-58.
[27]GILL E W B.Frictional electrification of sand[J].Nature,1948,18(4119):568-569.
[28]LATHAM J.The electrification of snowstorm and sandstorms[J].Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society,1964,90(383):91-95.
[29]SCHMIDT D S,DENT J D.A theoretical prediction of the effects of electrostatic forces on salting snow particles[J].Annals of Glaciology,1993,18(1):234-238.
[30]SCHMIDT D S,SCHMIDT R A,DENT J D.Electrostatic force on saltating sand[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1998,103(D8):8997-9001.
[31]ZHENG X J,HUANG N,ZHOU Y H.Laboratory measurement of electrification of wind-blown sands and simulation of its effect on sand saltation movement[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,2003,108(D10):4322.1-4322.9.
[32]HE Q,ZHOU Y,ZHENG X,et al.Effects of charged sand on electromagnetic wave propagation and its scattering field[J].Science China Physics,Mechanics&Astronomy,2006,49(1):77-87.
[33]HU W,XIE L,ZHENG X.Simulation of the electrification of wind-blown sand[J].The European Physical Journal E,2012,35(3):1-8
[34]BO T L,ZHANG H,HU W W,et al.The analysis of electrification in windblown sand[J].Aeolian Research,2013,11(1):15-21.
[35]屈建军,言穆弘,董光荣,等.沙尘暴起电的风洞模拟实验研究[J].中国科学D辑,2003,33(6):593-601.QU Jianjun,YAN Muhong,DONG Guangrong,et al.Summary on windtunnel simulation experiment study of sandstorm electrification[J].Chinese Science(D),2003,33(6):593-601.
[36]屈建军,俎瑞平,言穆弘,等.扬沙和沙尘暴对导线电位影响的风洞模拟实验.中国沙漠,2004,24(5):534-538.QU Jianjun,ZU Ruiping,YAN Muhong,et al.Wind tunnel simulation of effect of sandstorm on electrical wire voltage[J].Journal of Desert Research,2004,24(5):534-538.
[37]唐秋明,高强.风沙流对高压绝缘子电位和电场分布的影响[J].计算物理,2016,33(5):539-546.TANG Qiuming,GAO Qiang.Influence of wind sand flow on potential and electric field distributions along high voltage insulators[J].Chinese Journal of Computational Physics,2016,33(5):539-546.
[38]闵绚,邵瑰玮,文志科,等.国内外悬垂绝缘子串风偏设计参数对比与分析[J].电力建设,2013,34(4):19-26.MIN Xuan,SHAO Guiwei,WEN Zhike,et al.Analysis on windage design parameters of suspension insulator string at home and abroad[J].Electric Power Construction,2013,34(4):19-26.
[39]严波,林雪松,罗伟,等.绝缘子串风偏角风荷载调整系数的研究[J].工程力学,2010,27(1):221-227.YAN Bo,LIN Xuesong,LUO Wei,et al.Research on dynamic wind load factors for windage yaw angle of suspension insulator strings[J].Engineering Mechanics,2010,27(1):221-227.
[40]YAN B,LIN X,LUO W,et al.Numerical study on dynamic swing of suspension insulator string in overhead transmission line under wind load[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2010,25(1):248-259.
[41]王声学,吴广宁,范建斌,等.500kV输电线路悬垂绝缘子串风偏闪络的研究[J].电网技术,2008,32(9):65-69.WANG Shengxue,WU Guangning,FAN Jianbin,et al.Study on flashover of suspension insulator string caused by windage yaw in 500kV transmission lines[J].Power System Technology,2008,32(9):65-69.
[42]贾伯岩,耿江海,方春华,等.风速及风向对复合绝缘子闪络特性的影响[J].高电压技术,2012,38(1):75-81.JIA Boyan,GENG Jianghai,FANG Chunhua,et al.Influence of wind speed and direction on flashover characteristic of composite insulators[J].High Voltage Engineering,2012,38(1):75-81.
[43]楼文娟,杨悦,卢明,等.连续多跨输电线路动态风偏特征及计算模型[J].电力建设,2015,36(2):1-8.LOU Wenjuan,YANG Yue,LU Ming,et al.Conductor swinging dynamic characteristic and calculation model of continuous multi-span transmission line[J].Electric Power Construction,2015,36(2):1-8.
[44]楼文娟,杨悦,吕中宾,等.考虑气动阻尼效应的输电线路风偏动态分析方法[J].振动与冲击,2015,34(6):24-29.LOU Wenjuan,YANG Yue,LU Zhongbin,et al.Windage yaw dynamic analysis methods for transmission lines considering aerodynamic damping effect[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2015,34(6):24-29.
[45]沈志舒,刘春翔,王建,等.线路绝缘子表面积污物源分布特性[J].电瓷避雷器,2016(6):56-60.SHENG Zhishu,LIU Chunxiang,WANG Jian,et al.The source distribution features of the contamination on the insulator surface in the transmission lines[J].Insulators and Surge Arresters,2016(6):56-60.
[46]王希林,朱正一,马国祥,等.强风区复合绝缘子伞裙撕裂研究[J].电网技术,2013,37(10):2843-2849.WANG Xilin,ZHU Zhengyi,MA Guoxiang,et al.Research on shed crack of composite insulators used in strong wind area[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(10):2843-2849.
[47]朱正一,贾志东,马国祥,等.强风区750kV复合绝缘子伞裙破坏机制分析研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(6):947-954.ZHU Zhengyi,JIA Zhidong,MA Guoxiang,et al.Analysis on fracture failure mechanism of 750 kV composite insulator sheds utilized in a storm-hit region[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(6):947-954.
[48]ZHU Z,JIA Z,MA G,et al.Fatigue fracture of composite insulators sheds utilized in strong wind areas[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2015,22(3):1636-1643.
[49]雷云泽,贾志东,赵莉华,等.复合绝缘子风压分布研究及抗风性能检测方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(9):2545-2553.LEI Yunze,JIA Zhidong,ZHAO Lihua,et al.Study on the distribution of wind pressure of composite insulators and the testing method of anti-wind performance[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(9):2545-2553.
[50]朱正一,贾志东,马国祥,等.强风区750kV复合绝缘子抗风性能研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(21):5648-5655.ZHU Zhengyi,JIA Zhidong,MA Guoxiang et al.Study on wind resistance performance of 750 kV composite insulators utilized in storm-wind region[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(21):5648-5655.
[51]王言,贾志东,朱正一,等.基于流固耦合方法的强风区复合绝缘子结构研究[J].电网技术,2016,40(1):316-321.WANG Yan,JIA Zhidong,ZHU Zhengyi,et al.Research on the structure of composite insulators used in strong wind area based on fluid-structure interaction method[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(1):316-321.
[52]郭勇,孙炳楠,叶尹.大跨越输电塔线体系风振响应的时域分析[J].土木工程学报,2006,39(12):12-17.GUO Yong,SUN Bingnan,YE Yin.Time-domain analysis on wind-induced dynamic response of long span power transmission line systems[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2006,39(12):12-17.
[53]郭勇.大跨越输电塔线体系的风振响应及振动控制研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2006.GUO Yong.Studies on wind-induced dynamic response and vibration control of long span transmissionline system[D].Hangzhou,China:Zhejiang Universtiy,2006.
[54]李正良,肖正直,韩枫,等.1000 kV汉江大跨越特高压输电塔线体系气动弹性模型的设计与风洞试验[J].电网技术,2008,32(12):1-5.LI Zhengliang,XIAO Zhengzhi,HAN Feng,et al.Aeroelastic model design and wind tunnel tests of 1 000 kV Hanjiang long span transmission line system[J].Power System Technology,2008,32(12):1-5.
[55]肖正直,李正良,汪之松,等.1000 kV汉江大跨越塔线体系风洞实验与风振响应分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2009,29(34):84-89.XIAO Zhengzhi,LI Zhengliang,WANG Zhisong,et al.Wind tunnel tests and wind-induced responses analysis of 1 000 kV Hanjiang long span transmission line system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2009,29(34):84-89.
[56]汪之松.特高压输电塔线体系风振响应及风振疲劳性能研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2009.WANG Zhisong.Study on wind-induced response and fatigue of UHV transmission tower-line coupled system[D].Chongqing,China:Chongqing University,2009.
[57]夏莹沛.输电线路涡致振动与尾流效应的数值仿真[D].保定:华北电カ大学,2014.XIA Yingpei.Numerical simulation of transmission line vortex-induced vibration and wake effects[D].Baoding,China:North China Electric Power University,2014.
[58]张春涛.腐蚀环境和风振疲劳耦合作用下输电塔线体系疲劳性能研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2012.ZHANG Chuntao.Study on fatigue of transmission tower-line coupled system with the coupling effect between corrosion and fatigue vibration[D].Chongqing,China:Chongqing University,2012.
[59]王建,邓鹤鸣,刘劲松,等.风害区域750kV变电站构架避雷针变形分析及应对措施[J].电瓷避雷器,2017(2):14-18.WANG Jian,DENG Heming,LIU Jinsong,et al.The deformation analysis and countermeasures on the frame lightning rod of 750 kV substation in the wind damage areas[J].Insulators and Surge Arresters,2017(2):14-18.
[60]变电站建筑结构设计技术规程:DL/T5457—2012[S].北京:中国电カ出版社,2012.Technical code for the design of substation buildings and structures:DL/T 5457—2012[S].Beijing,China:China Electric Power Press,2012.
[61]周国成,柳贡民,马俊,等.圆柱涡激振动数值模拟研究[J].噪声与振动控制,2010,30(5):51-55,59.ZHOU Guocheng,LIU Gongmin,MA Jun,et al.Numerical simulation of vortex-induced vibration of a circular cy Under[J].Noise and Vibration Control,2010,30(5):51-55,59.
[62]紧固件机械性能:螺栓、螺钉和螺柱:GB/T3098.1—2010[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2010.Mechanical properties of fasteners:bolts,screws and studs:GB/T3098.1—2010[S].Beijing,China:China Standards Press,2010.
[63]刘文白,刘占江,曹玉生,等.沙漠地区输电线路铁塔基础抗拔试验[J].岩土工程学报,1999,21(5):564-568.LIU Wenbai,LIU Zhanjiang,CAO Yusheng,et al.Uplift test of foundation of electric power line tower in desert area[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1999,21(5):564-568.
[64]乾增珍,鲁先龙,丁士君.上拔与水平カ组合作用下加筋风积沙斜柱扩展基础试验[J].岩土工程学报,2011,33(3):373-379.QIAN Zengzhen,LU Xianlong,DING Shijun.Experiments on pad and chimney foundation in reinforced aeolian sand under uplift combined with horizontal loads[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2011,33(3):373-379.
[65]程永锋,丁士君.沙漠地区风积沙地基输电线路装配式基础真型试验研究[J].岩土力学,2012,33(11):3230-3236.CHENG Yongfeng,DING Shijun.Prototype tests of assembly foundation of transmission line in aeolian sand area[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2012,33(11):3230-3236.
[66]张丽.输电线绝缘子金具的风振响应及疲劳特性分析[D].苏州:苏州大学,2010.ZHANG Li.Wind vibration response and fatigue analysis of insulator on transmission line[D].Suzhou,China:Suzhou University,2010.
[67]杨现臣,李新梅.新疆大风区输电线U型环磨损试验分析[J].铸造技术,2016,37(10):2055-2057.YANG Xianchen,LI Xinmei.Analysis on wear test of power line U-shaped ring in Xinjiang wind region[J].Foundry Technology,2016,37(10):2055-2057.
[68]芦信.风沙两相流对架空导线磨损的实验研究[D].保定:华北电力大学,2013.LU Xin.Experimental research on transmission line wron in wind-sand two-phase flow[D].Baoding,China:North China Electric Power University,2013.
[69]张秀丽,柯睿,杨跃光,等.酸性湿沉降区域500kV输电线路金具缺陷机理分析及防范措施[J].高电压技木,2016,42(1):223-232.ZHANG Xiuli,KE Rui,YANG Yueguang,et al.Mechanism analysis and prevention countermeasures of hardware defects on 500 kV transmission lines of acid wet subsidence areas[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(1):223-232.
[70]陈军君,胡加瑞,谢亿,等.典型エ业区输电线路金具腐蚀失效分析[J].腐蚀科学与防护技木,2013,25(6):508-513.CHEN Junjun,HU Jiarui,XIE Yi,et al.Corrosion failure of fittings in electric power transmission line in typical industrial areas[J].Corrosion Science and Protection Technology,2013,25(6):508-513.
[71]陈军君,李明,胡加瑞,等.酸雨地区电カ金具腐蚀速度模型和寿命评估[J].华东电力,2013,41(5):1037-1039.CHEN Junjun,LI Ming,HU Jiarui,et al.Corrosion rate model and life assessment of electric power fittings in acid rain area[J].East China Electric Power,2013,41(5):1037-1039.
[72]沙尘暴天气监测规范:GB/T20479—2006[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2006.Technical regulations of sand and dust storm monitoring:GB/T20479—2006[S].Beijing,China:China Standards Press,2006.
[73]沙尘暴天气等级:GB/T20480—2006[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2006.Grade of sand and dust storm weather:GB/T 20480—2006[S].Beijing,China:China Standards Press,2006.
[74]沙尘暴天气预警:GB/T28593—2012[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2012.Warning of sand and dust storm weather:GB/T 28593—2012[S].Beijing,China:China Standards Press,2012.
[75]郑新江,刘诚,罗敬宁.气象卫星多通道信息监测沙尘暴的研宄[J].遥感学报,2001,5(4):300-305.ZHENG Xinjian,LIU Cheng,LUO Jingning.Research on theduststorm monitoring using multi_channel meteorological satellite data[J].Journal of Remote Sensing,2001,5(4):300-305.
[76]ZHOU Z,WANG X.Analysis of the severe group dust storms in eastern part of Northwest China[J].Journal of Geographical Sciences,2002,12(3):357-362.
[77]TSOLMAN R,OCHIRKHUYAG L.STERNBERG T.Monitoring the source of trans-national dust storms in north east Asia[J].International Journal of Digital Earth,2008,1(1):119-129.
[78]董旭辉,祁辉,任立军,等.偏振激光雷达在沙尘暴观测中的数据解析[J].环境科学研究,2007,20(2):106-111.DONG Xuhui,QI Hui,REN Lijun,et al.Application and data demonstration of lidar in sandstorm observation[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2007,20(2):106-111.
[79]申莉莉,盛立芳,陈静静.一次强沙尘暴过程中沙尘气溶胶空间分布的初步分析[J].中国沙漠,2010,30(6):1483-1490.SHEN Lili,SHENG Lifang,CHEN Jingjing.Preliminary analysis of the spatial distribution of the dust aerosol in a heavy dust storm[J].Journal of Desert Research,2010,30(6):1483-1490.
[80]UNO I,YUMIMOTO K,SHIMIZU A.3D structure of Asian dust transport revealed by CALIPSO Lidar and a 4DVAR dust model[J].Geophysical Research Letters,2008,35(6):341-356.
[81]王敏仲.基于风廓线雷达的沙尘暴和降水过程探测分析[D].兰州:兰州大学,2014.WANG Minzhong.Detection analysis of sandstorm and precipitation process based on wind-profiling radar[D].Lanzhou,China:Lanzhou University,2014.
[82]蔡炜.光纤光栅复合绝缘子研制与状态监测技术研究[D].武汉:武汉大学,2011.CAI Wei.Research and condition monitoring technology of composite insulators with fiber bragg grating implanted[D].Wuhan,China:Wuhan University,2009.
[83]陈庭记,蔡炜,邓鹤鸣,等.复合绝缘子综合监测现场应用探讨[J].电瓷避雷器,2013(3):31-35.CHEN Tingji,CAI Wei,DENG Heming,et al.Field application of the integrated monitoring on composite insulators[J].Insulators and Surge Arresters,2013(3):31-35.
[84]吴飞.基于光纤光栅的多力参数测量及信号分析技术的研究[D].秦皇岛:燕山大学,2007.WU Fei.Study on multi-mechanics parameters measurement and signal analysis technique based on fiber grating[D].Qinhuangdao,China:Yanshan University,2007.
[85]WU F,YANG H,TENG F,et al.Research on the characteristics of a twisted high birefringence fiber grating[J].Optoelectronics Letters,2006,2(6):408-411.
[86]傅志辉.新型光纤激光器与高灵敏度光纤振动传感器研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2009.FU Zhihui.Research on novel fiber lasers and high sensitive fiber-optic sesors[D].Hangzhou,China:Zhejiang University,2009.