横向磁通永磁同步电机非线性动态等效磁网络模型分析
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摘要
为了缩减电机设计周期,该文针对横向磁通永磁电机提出一种非线性动态等效磁网络模型。该模型引入电机饱和深度系数来反映电机不同饱和程度对导磁材料性能的影响。文中着重分析定转子齿和气隙位置磁通管的划分和相应磁阻的计算。在电机转动过程中,根据定转子的相对位置,把电机的一对极范围划分为8个区域,每个区域内的等效磁阻分布均相同。并且用统一的拓扑表示这8个区域的等效磁网络,从而将动态过程转化为静态拓扑。在求得电机磁链的基础上,对电机的电感、空载反电势进行分析计算。最后通过有限元方法和实验,验证该模型的有效性。
To reduce the cycle of motor design, a nonlinear dynamic equivalent magnetic network(NDEMN) model for a new type of transverse flux permanent magnet motor(TFPMM) was proposed. The model took into account the influence of the different saturation degree of the motor on the performance of the magnetic material, so the saturation depth coefficient of the motor was introduced. The division of the fixed rotor tooth and the gas gap position flux tube and the calculation of the corresponding magneto resistance were emphatically analyzed. According to the relative position of stator and rotor, the motor's one pole area was divided into 8 regions, and the equivalent reluctance distribution in each region was the same.And a unified topology was used to represent the equivalent magnetic network of the 8 regions, so that the dynamic process was transformed into a static topology. On the basis of the magnetic chain of the motor, the inductance and the back EMF of the motor were calculated. Finally, the validity of the model was verified by the finite element analysis(FEA) method and the experiment.
To reduce the cycle of motor design, a nonlinear dynamic equivalent magnetic network(NDEMN) model for a new type of transverse flux permanent magnet motor(TFPMM) was proposed. The model took into account the influence of the different saturation degree of the motor on the performance of the magnetic material, so the saturation depth coefficient of the motor was introduced. The division of the fixed rotor tooth and the gas gap position flux tube and the calculation of the corresponding magneto resistance were emphatically analyzed. According to the relative position of stator and rotor, the motor's one pole area was divided into 8 regions, and the equivalent reluctance distribution in each region was the same.And a unified topology was used to represent the equivalent magnetic network of the 8 regions, so that the dynamic process was transformed into a static topology. On the basis of the magnetic chain of the motor, the inductance and the back EMF of the motor were calculated. Finally, the validity of the model was verified by the finite element analysis(FEA) method and the experiment.
引文
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[8]徐妲,赵旭鸣,林明耀,等.基于等效磁路法的轴向磁场磁通切换型永磁电机静态特性分析[J].电机与控制应用,2017,44(11):79-84.Xu Da,Zhao Xuming,Lin Mingyao,et al.Electromagnetic performance analysis of axial field flux-switching permanent magnet machine using equivalent magnetic circuit method[J].Electric Machines&Control Application,2017,44(11):79-84(in Chinese).
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[11]Zhu Z Q,Pang Y,Howe D,et al.Analysis of electromagnetic performance of flux-switching permanent-magnet Machines by nonlinear adaptive lumped parameter magnetic circuit model[J].IEEETransactions on Magnetics,2005,41(11):4277-4287.
[12]徐衍亮,吴巧变,宫晓.新型盘式横向磁通永磁无刷电机的变网络等效磁路模型[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(17):147-153.Xu Yanliang,Wu Qiaobian,Gong Xiao.Network-varying equivalent magnetic circuit modeling of novel disk transverse-flux permanent magnet brushless machine[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(17):147-153(in Chinese).
[13]张淦,花为,程明,等.磁通切换型永磁电机非线性磁网络分析[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(2):34-42.Zhang Gan,Hua Wei,Cheng Ming,et al.Analysis of nonlinear magnetic network models for flux-switching permanent magnet machines[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(2):34-42(in Chinese).
[14]Ostovi?V.Dynamics of saturated electric machines[M].New York:Springer-Verlag,1989.
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[16]徐月娇,王红宇,李和明,等.基于场路耦合等效磁网络结构的水轮发电机建模方法[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(S1):275-280.Xu Yuejiao,Wang Hongyu,Li Heming,et al.Hydrogenerator modeling approach based on field-circuit coupling magnetic equivalent circuit framework[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2013,28(S1):275-280(in Chinese).
[17]王蕾,李光友,张强.磁通反向电机的变网络等效磁路模型[J].电工技术学报,2008,23(8):18-23.Wang Lei,Li Guangyou,Zhang Qiang.Network-varying equivalent magnetic circuit modeling of a flux-reversal machine[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2008,23(8):18-23(in Chinese).
[18]沙德尚,邓智泉,孟小利.基于变网络等效磁路法的双凸极电机电感参数变化规律的分析[J].中小型电机,2001,28(6):5-9.Sha Deshang,Deng Zhiquan,Meng Xiaoli.Analysis on inductance parameters of double salient motors based on the varying network equivalent magnetic circuit method[J].Small&Medium Electric Machines,2001,28(6):5-9(in Chinese).
[19]Liu Guohai,Jiang Shan,Zhao Wenxiang,et al.A new modeling approach for permanent magnet vernier machine with modulation effect consideration[J].IEEETransactions on Magnetics,2016,53(1):1-12.
[20]戴文进,徐龙权,张景明.电机学[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2008:168-171.Dai Wenjin,Xu Longquan,Zhang Jingming.Electrical machinery[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2008:168-171(in Chinese).
[21]周顺荣.机电能量转换[M].上海:上海交通大学出版社,2008:180-197.Zhou Shunrong.Electromechanical energy conversion[M].Shanghai:Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press,2008:180-197(in Chinese).
[22]夏加宽,李文瑞,何新,等.各向异性横向磁通永磁直线电机穿片漏磁分析[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(14):518-524.Xia Jiakuan,Li Wenrui,He Xin,et al.Analysis of anisotropic permeate leakage flux on transverse flux permanent magnet linear machine[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(14):518-524(in Chinese).
[23]宫晓,徐衍亮.轴向磁场盘式永磁电机等效磁路网络及气隙漏磁的分析计算[J].电机与控制学报,2013,17(10):59-64.Gong Xiao,Xu Yanliang.Lumped parameter magnetic circuit analysis of axial flux permanent magnet motor and its analytical calculation of air gap leakage[J].Electric Machines and Control,2013,17(10):59-64(in Chinese).
[2]苏士斌,史仪凯,袁小庆,等.横向磁通电机研究综述[J].电子学报,2013,41(11):2290-2296.Su Shibin,Shi Yikai,Yuan Xiaoqing,et al.Survey of progress in transverse flux motor[J].Acta Electronica Sinica,2013,41(11):2290-2296(in Chinese).
[3]Yao Hongyang,Li Hongmei,Zhou Yanan.Design and optimization of a surface mounted transverse flux permanent magnet machine[J].International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics,2016,51(1):37-49.
[4]贾周,林鹤云,黄允凯,等.一种新型双C型定子横向磁通永磁发电机[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(11):2831-2837.Jia Zhou,Lin Heyun,Huang Yunkai,et al.A novel transverse flux permanent magnet generator with double-c stator hoops[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(11):2831-2837(in Chinese).
[5]何海翔,陈志辉,梅庆枭,等.聚磁型无源转子横向磁通永磁电机电磁力及转子机械强度的分析[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(15):10-16.He Haixiang,Chen Zhihui,Mei Qingxiao,et al.Analysis of electromagnetic force and rotor mechanical strength on flux-concentrating transverse flux pm machine with passive rotor[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(15):10-16(in Chinese).
[6]郑文鹏,施进浩,屠关镇,等.电流域标量处理法在横向磁场电机三维磁场分析中的应用[J].电工技术学报,2006,21(6):65-69,88.Zheng Wenpeng,Shi Jinhao,Tu Guanzhen,et al.Scalar potential method in processing current-carrying regions for 3D field of transverse flux machine[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2006,21(6):65-69,88(in Chinese).
[7]黄允凯,周涛.基于等效磁路法的轴向永磁电机效率优化设计[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(2):73-79.Huang Yunkai,Zhou Tao.Efficiency optimization design of axial flux permanent magnet machines using magnetic equivalent circuit[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(2):73-79(in Chinese).
[8]徐妲,赵旭鸣,林明耀,等.基于等效磁路法的轴向磁场磁通切换型永磁电机静态特性分析[J].电机与控制应用,2017,44(11):79-84.Xu Da,Zhao Xuming,Lin Mingyao,et al.Electromagnetic performance analysis of axial field flux-switching permanent magnet machine using equivalent magnetic circuit method[J].Electric Machines&Control Application,2017,44(11):79-84(in Chinese).
[9]吴迪,辜承林.新型横向磁通永磁电机三维磁路分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(33):90-95.Wu Di,Gu Chenglin.3D magnetic circuit analysis of a novel transverse flux permanent magnet machine[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2010,30(33):90-95(in Chinese).
[10]郑文鹏,江建中,李永斌,等.基于三维磁网络法E型铁心横向磁场电机的设计与研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2004,24(8):138-141.Zheng Wenpeng,Jiang Jianzhong,Li Yongbin,et al.Design and analysis on transverse flux machine With E-shaped stator cores based on 3D magnetic network method[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2004,24(8):138-141(in Chinese).
[11]Zhu Z Q,Pang Y,Howe D,et al.Analysis of electromagnetic performance of flux-switching permanent-magnet Machines by nonlinear adaptive lumped parameter magnetic circuit model[J].IEEETransactions on Magnetics,2005,41(11):4277-4287.
[12]徐衍亮,吴巧变,宫晓.新型盘式横向磁通永磁无刷电机的变网络等效磁路模型[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(17):147-153.Xu Yanliang,Wu Qiaobian,Gong Xiao.Network-varying equivalent magnetic circuit modeling of novel disk transverse-flux permanent magnet brushless machine[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(17):147-153(in Chinese).
[13]张淦,花为,程明,等.磁通切换型永磁电机非线性磁网络分析[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(2):34-42.Zhang Gan,Hua Wei,Cheng Ming,et al.Analysis of nonlinear magnetic network models for flux-switching permanent magnet machines[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(2):34-42(in Chinese).
[14]Ostovi?V.Dynamics of saturated electric machines[M].New York:Springer-Verlag,1989.
[15]Wang R,Pekarek S,Bash M L,et al.Incorporating dynamics in a mesh-based magnetic equivalent circuit model of synchronous machines[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2015,30(3):821-832.
[16]徐月娇,王红宇,李和明,等.基于场路耦合等效磁网络结构的水轮发电机建模方法[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(S1):275-280.Xu Yuejiao,Wang Hongyu,Li Heming,et al.Hydrogenerator modeling approach based on field-circuit coupling magnetic equivalent circuit framework[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2013,28(S1):275-280(in Chinese).
[17]王蕾,李光友,张强.磁通反向电机的变网络等效磁路模型[J].电工技术学报,2008,23(8):18-23.Wang Lei,Li Guangyou,Zhang Qiang.Network-varying equivalent magnetic circuit modeling of a flux-reversal machine[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2008,23(8):18-23(in Chinese).
[18]沙德尚,邓智泉,孟小利.基于变网络等效磁路法的双凸极电机电感参数变化规律的分析[J].中小型电机,2001,28(6):5-9.Sha Deshang,Deng Zhiquan,Meng Xiaoli.Analysis on inductance parameters of double salient motors based on the varying network equivalent magnetic circuit method[J].Small&Medium Electric Machines,2001,28(6):5-9(in Chinese).
[19]Liu Guohai,Jiang Shan,Zhao Wenxiang,et al.A new modeling approach for permanent magnet vernier machine with modulation effect consideration[J].IEEETransactions on Magnetics,2016,53(1):1-12.
[20]戴文进,徐龙权,张景明.电机学[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2008:168-171.Dai Wenjin,Xu Longquan,Zhang Jingming.Electrical machinery[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2008:168-171(in Chinese).
[21]周顺荣.机电能量转换[M].上海:上海交通大学出版社,2008:180-197.Zhou Shunrong.Electromechanical energy conversion[M].Shanghai:Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press,2008:180-197(in Chinese).
[22]夏加宽,李文瑞,何新,等.各向异性横向磁通永磁直线电机穿片漏磁分析[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(14):518-524.Xia Jiakuan,Li Wenrui,He Xin,et al.Analysis of anisotropic permeate leakage flux on transverse flux permanent magnet linear machine[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(14):518-524(in Chinese).
[23]宫晓,徐衍亮.轴向磁场盘式永磁电机等效磁路网络及气隙漏磁的分析计算[J].电机与控制学报,2013,17(10):59-64.Gong Xiao,Xu Yanliang.Lumped parameter magnetic circuit analysis of axial flux permanent magnet motor and its analytical calculation of air gap leakage[J].Electric Machines and Control,2013,17(10):59-64(in Chinese).