双凸极电机并联单相桥半控整流拓扑下的发电特性
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摘要
电励磁双凸极电机是一种结构简单的磁阻电机,作为发电机运行时,可以采用二极管整流电路,其中的并联单相桥拓扑具有外特性硬、容错性能好等特点。在并联单相桥的拓扑基础上引入可控功率开关管,形成并联单相桥拓扑。以一台四相双凸极电机为样机,对其进行角度位置控制下的场路联合仿真,分析3种典型电路模态,该拓扑在绕组短路状态迅速增大正向相电流,使磁链下降阶段,电流幅值得以提高,从而扩大了磁能曲线面积,有效提高电机的输出功率。通过仿真得到不同导通角下的外特性和功率特性。样机的实验结果与仿真的吻合度好,验证了该拓扑对于提高电机发电功率的有效性。
Wound-field doubly salient machine is a kind of reluctance machines. As a generator, a diode rectifier is usually adopted to obtain DC power. The parallel bridge rectifier(PBR) topology shows some merits, such as good load characteristics and fault tolerance ability. In this paper, power switches were introduced to a PBR, and a new parallel-bridge half-controlled rectifier(PHR) was presented. A four-phase doubly salient machine was simulated as a prototype by the angular position control scheme. Three typical circuit modes were analyzed. With the PHR, the positive phase current increases rapidly in additional short-circuit state, which enlarges the magnetic energy loop area, and then improves the output power effectively. The external characteristics and power characteristics with different conduction angles were presented. The experimental results of the prototype are in good agreement with the simulation, and the validity of the topology to improve the power generation of the DSM is proved.
Wound-field doubly salient machine is a kind of reluctance machines. As a generator, a diode rectifier is usually adopted to obtain DC power. The parallel bridge rectifier(PBR) topology shows some merits, such as good load characteristics and fault tolerance ability. In this paper, power switches were introduced to a PBR, and a new parallel-bridge half-controlled rectifier(PHR) was presented. A four-phase doubly salient machine was simulated as a prototype by the angular position control scheme. Three typical circuit modes were analyzed. With the PHR, the positive phase current increases rapidly in additional short-circuit state, which enlarges the magnetic energy loop area, and then improves the output power effectively. The external characteristics and power characteristics with different conduction angles were presented. The experimental results of the prototype are in good agreement with the simulation, and the validity of the topology to improve the power generation of the DSM is proved.
引文
[1]Zhou X,Zhou B.Rotor position estimating scheme for doubly salient EM machine sensorless startup[J].Electronics Letters,2017,53(15):1033-1034.
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[4]赵星,周波,史立伟.一种新型低转矩脉动电励磁双凸极无刷直流电机[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(15):4249-4257.Zhao Xing,Zhou Bo,Shi Liwei.A novel electro-magnet doubly salient brushless DC motor with minimum torque ripple[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,40(15):4249-4257(in Chinese).
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[9]Dai W,Yu Y,Hua M,et al.Voltage regulation system of doubly salient electromagnetic generator based on indirect adaptive fuzzy control[J].IEEE Access,2017(5):14187-14194.
[10]王娇艳,陈志辉,严仰光.外接单相桥的电励磁五相双凸极容错发电机[J].电工技术学报,2012,27(4):30-34.Wang Jiaoyan,Chen Zhihui,Yan Yangguang.Fault-tolerant performance of five-phase doubly salient electromagnetic generator[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2012,27(4):30-34(in Chinese).
[11]Chen Z,Chen R,Chen Z.A Fault-tolerant parallel structure of single-phase full-bridge rectifiers for a wound-field doubly salient generator[J].IEEETransactions on Industrial Electronics,2013,60(8):2988-2996.
[12]魏佳丹.电励磁双凸极起动/发电机系统特性研究[D].南京:南京航空航天大学,2009.Wei Jiadan.Research on characteristic for doubly salient electrical magnet starter/generator[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2009(in Chinese).
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[14]Sarlioglu B,Lipo T A.Assessment of power generation capability of doubly-salient PM generator[C]//International Conference on Electric Machines and Drives.Washington,USA,1999:549-552.
[15]Tomino J,Yosizue K,Chiba A,et al.Output DC voltage control system of a doubly salient-pole homopolar generator[C]//6th International Workshop on Advanced Motion Control.Nagoya,Japan,2000:566-571.
[16]迮弃疾,梁得亮,寇鹏,等.一种用于双凸极永磁发电机的电容储能型变换器[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(A01):131-137.Ze Qiji,Liang Deliang,Kou Peng,et al.A capacitive energy recovery converter for doubly salient permanent magnet generator[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(A01):131-137(in Chinese).
[17]陈冉,陈志辉,毛志鑫,等.一种用于电励磁双凸极发电机的新型半控整流拓扑研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(36):117-122.Chen Ran,Chen Zhihui,Mao Zhixin,et al.A novel rectifier topology for doubly salient electro-magnetic generators[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(36):117-122(in Chinese).
[18]Mao Z,Chen Z,Chen Z.Research on the field current of a doubly salient electromagnetic generator with a half-controlled PWM rectifier[C]//Conference of the IEEEIndustrial Electronics Society.Montreal,Canada,2012:1405-1409.
[19]杨志浩.电励磁双凸极发电机可控整流发电拓扑的研究[D].南京:南京航空航天大学,2014.Yang Zhihao.Research on characteristic of controlled rectifier topology of wound-field doubly salient generator[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2014(in Chinese).
[20]Yu L,Zhang Z,Ma X,et al.Analysis of a new compound-excited doubly salient brushless DC generator with power tracking rectification[C]//IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition.Montreal,Canada:IEEE,2015:2834-2839.
[2]Jia W,Xiao L.Research on control strategies for doubly salient electromagnetic machine[J].IET Electric Power Applications,2017,11(8):1449-1456.
[3]Zhou X,Zhou B,Guo H,et al.Research on sensorless and advanced angle control strategies for doubly salient electromagnetic motor[J].IET Electric Power Applications,2016,10(5):375-383.
[4]赵星,周波,史立伟.一种新型低转矩脉动电励磁双凸极无刷直流电机[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(15):4249-4257.Zhao Xing,Zhou Bo,Shi Liwei.A novel electro-magnet doubly salient brushless DC motor with minimum torque ripple[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,40(15):4249-4257(in Chinese).
[5]Chen Z,Wang H,Yan Y.A doubly salient starter/generator with two-section twisted-rotor structure for potential future aerospace application[J].IEEETransactions on Industrial Electronics,2012,59(9):3588-3595.
[6]王逸洲,王慧贞,刘伟峰.新型电励磁双凸极电机发电系统建模研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,41(17):5162-5170.Wang Yizhou,Wang Huizhen,Liu Weifeng.A novel modeling method for power generator systems of wound-excited doubly salient machines[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,41(17):5162-5170(in Chinese).
[7]陈冉,段晴晴,陈志辉,等.双凸极发电机增磁式发电方式的特性分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(36):89-95.Chen Ran,Duan Qingqing,Chen Zhihui,et al.Research on characteristics of the magnetic increased mode of doubly salient brushless dc generators[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(36):89-95(in Chinese).
[8]陈冉,陈志辉,段晴晴,等.电励磁双凸极发电机的电枢反应对外特性的影响分析[J].电机与控制学报,2013,17(4):86-91.Chen Ran,Chen Zhihui,Duan Qingqing,et al.Analysis on the influence of the armature reaction upon the doubly salient magnetic generator[J].Electric Machines and Control,2013,17(4):86-91(in Chinese).
[9]Dai W,Yu Y,Hua M,et al.Voltage regulation system of doubly salient electromagnetic generator based on indirect adaptive fuzzy control[J].IEEE Access,2017(5):14187-14194.
[10]王娇艳,陈志辉,严仰光.外接单相桥的电励磁五相双凸极容错发电机[J].电工技术学报,2012,27(4):30-34.Wang Jiaoyan,Chen Zhihui,Yan Yangguang.Fault-tolerant performance of five-phase doubly salient electromagnetic generator[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2012,27(4):30-34(in Chinese).
[11]Chen Z,Chen R,Chen Z.A Fault-tolerant parallel structure of single-phase full-bridge rectifiers for a wound-field doubly salient generator[J].IEEETransactions on Industrial Electronics,2013,60(8):2988-2996.
[12]魏佳丹.电励磁双凸极起动/发电机系统特性研究[D].南京:南京航空航天大学,2009.Wei Jiadan.Research on characteristic for doubly salient electrical magnet starter/generator[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2009(in Chinese).
[13]段晴晴,陈志辉,陈冉.电励磁双凸极发电机分裂电容全桥整流拓扑分析[J].微电机,2013,46(4):71-74.Duan Qingqing,Chen Zhihui,Chen Ran.Analysis on full bridge with split capacitor rectifier generation mode[J].Micromotors,2013,46(4):71-74(in Chinese).
[14]Sarlioglu B,Lipo T A.Assessment of power generation capability of doubly-salient PM generator[C]//International Conference on Electric Machines and Drives.Washington,USA,1999:549-552.
[15]Tomino J,Yosizue K,Chiba A,et al.Output DC voltage control system of a doubly salient-pole homopolar generator[C]//6th International Workshop on Advanced Motion Control.Nagoya,Japan,2000:566-571.
[16]迮弃疾,梁得亮,寇鹏,等.一种用于双凸极永磁发电机的电容储能型变换器[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(A01):131-137.Ze Qiji,Liang Deliang,Kou Peng,et al.A capacitive energy recovery converter for doubly salient permanent magnet generator[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(A01):131-137(in Chinese).
[17]陈冉,陈志辉,毛志鑫,等.一种用于电励磁双凸极发电机的新型半控整流拓扑研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(36):117-122.Chen Ran,Chen Zhihui,Mao Zhixin,et al.A novel rectifier topology for doubly salient electro-magnetic generators[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(36):117-122(in Chinese).
[18]Mao Z,Chen Z,Chen Z.Research on the field current of a doubly salient electromagnetic generator with a half-controlled PWM rectifier[C]//Conference of the IEEEIndustrial Electronics Society.Montreal,Canada,2012:1405-1409.
[19]杨志浩.电励磁双凸极发电机可控整流发电拓扑的研究[D].南京:南京航空航天大学,2014.Yang Zhihao.Research on characteristic of controlled rectifier topology of wound-field doubly salient generator[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2014(in Chinese).
[20]Yu L,Zhang Z,Ma X,et al.Analysis of a new compound-excited doubly salient brushless DC generator with power tracking rectification[C]//IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition.Montreal,Canada:IEEE,2015:2834-2839.