基于高通量分析的长江干流重庆段重点关注污染物筛选
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摘要
应用高通量分析方法对长江干流重庆段11个断面水体中的潜在污染物进行了分析,共筛查到230种污染物。结合重庆市化学品生产使用统计结果,应用综合评分法对潜在污染物进行了评分和排序,筛选出33种流域重点关注污染物,包括农药、工业用品(邻苯二甲酸酯类、酚类雌激素、有机溶剂)及个人护理品(抗氧化剂、合成麝香、紫外吸收剂)等。结果表明,基于高通量分析方法和综合评分法可成功识别和筛选流域内重点关注污染物,为流域管理提供科学依据。
A high throughput screening method was applied for screening pollutants in 11 surface water from the Yangtze River in Chongqing City, and a total of 230 pollutants were identified. Composite scoring method, combined with the statistics of their production and use in Chongqing were used to score and rank the priority chemicals. The results showed that 33 compounds were selected as priorities in the Yangtze River of Chongqing section,which included pesticides, industry chemicals and personal care products. This study proved that the developed high throughput analytical method and composite scoring method are able to identify and screen the priority pollutants in the environment at the watershed scale, and provided scientific basis for watershed management.
A high throughput screening method was applied for screening pollutants in 11 surface water from the Yangtze River in Chongqing City, and a total of 230 pollutants were identified. Composite scoring method, combined with the statistics of their production and use in Chongqing were used to score and rank the priority chemicals. The results showed that 33 compounds were selected as priorities in the Yangtze River of Chongqing section,which included pesticides, industry chemicals and personal care products. This study proved that the developed high throughput analytical method and composite scoring method are able to identify and screen the priority pollutants in the environment at the watershed scale, and provided scientific basis for watershed management.
引文
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[3] Braun J M. Early-life exposure to EDCs:Role in childhood obesity and neurodevelopment[J]. Nature Reviews Endocrinology, 2016, 13(3):161
[4] Archer E, Petrie B, Kasprzyk-Hordern B, et al. The fate of pharmaceuticals and personal care products(PPCPs),endocrine disrupting contaminants(EDCs), metabolites and illicit drugs in a WWTW and environmental waters[J]. Chemosphere, 2017, 174:437
[5] Montesgrajales D, Fennixagudelo M, Mirandacastro W.Occurrence of personal care products as emerging chemicals of concern in water resources:A review[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2017, 595:601-614
[6] Yang Y, Ok Y S, Kim K H, et al. Occurrences and removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products(PPCPs)in drinking water and water/sewage treatment plants:A review[J]. Science of the Total Environment,2017, s596-597:303-320
[7] Gmurek M, Olak-Kucharczyk M, Ledakowicz S. Photochemical decomposition of endocrine disrupting compounds-A review[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal,2016, 310(2):437-456
[8] Adeel M, Song X, Wang Y, et al. Environmental impact of estrogens on human, animal and plant life:A critical review[J]. Environment International, 2016, 99:107
[9] Zhao J, Ying G, Yang B, et al. Screening of multiple hormonal activities in surface water and sediment from the Pearl River system, South China, using effect-directed in vitro bioassays[J]. Environmental Toxicology&Chemistry, 2011, 30(10):2208-2215
[10] Nie M, Yan C, Dong W, et al. Occurrence, distribution and risk assessment of estrogens in surface water, suspended particulate matter, and sediments of the Yangtze Estuary[J]. Chemosphere, 2015, 127:109-116
[11]陈晓雯,赵建亮,刘有胜,等.长江中下游环境激素效应的污染特征及生态风险[J].生态毒理学报, 2016, 11(3):191-203Chen X, Zhao J, Liu Y, et al. Occurrence and ecological risks of hormonal activities in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River[J]. Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology, 2016, 11(3):191-203(in Chinese)
[12]卜庆伟,王东红,王子健.基于风险分析的流域优先有机污染物筛查:方法构建[J].生态毒理学报, 2016, 11(1):61-69Bu Q W, Wang D H, Wang Z J. A risk-based screening approach for priority organic contaminants at the watershed scale:Method development[J]. Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology, 2016, 11(1):61-69(in Chinese)
[13] Pan S, Kadokami K, Li X, et al. Target and screening analysis of 940 micro-pollutants in sediments in Tokyo Bay, Japan[J]. Chemosphere, 2014, 99(3):109-116
[14] Bu Q W, Wang D, Wang Z, et al. Identification and ranking of the risky organic contaminants in the source water of the Danjiangkou Reservoir[J]. Frontiers of Environmental Science&Engineering, 2014, 8(1):42-53
[15]陈锡超,罗茜,宋翰文,等.北京官厅水库特征污染物筛查及其健康风险评价[J].生态毒理学报, 2013, 8(6):981-992Chen X C, Luo Q, Song H W, et al. Screening of priority contaminants and health risk assessment in Beijing Guanting Reservoir[J]. Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology, 2013, 8(6):981-992(in Chinese)
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[26] Liu W R, Yang Y Y, Liu Y S, et al. Biocides in the river system of a highly urbanized region:A systematic investigation involving runoff input[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2018, 624:1023-1030
[27] Mahmoud M A, JoséR, Raúl O, et al. Environmental impact of phthalic acid esters and their removal from water and sediments by different technologies-A review[J].Journal of Environmental Management, 2012, 109:164-178
[28] Sun K, Jin J, Marco K, et al. Polar and aliphatic domains regulate sorption of phthalic acid esters(PAEs)to biochars[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2012, 118:120-127
[29]蒋丽佳,许秋瑾,梁存珍,等.江苏某县地下水邻苯二甲酸酯类的检测与风险评价[J].中国环境监测, 2013,29(4):5-10Jiang L J, Xu Q J, Liang C Z, et al. Detection and risk assessment of phthalates in groundwater in a country of Jiangsu Province[J]. Environmental Monitoring in China,2013, 29(4):5-10(in Chinese)
[30]单晓梅,王冰霜,陆蓓蓓,等.合肥市水源水与饮用水中邻苯二甲酸酯类和双酚类化合物的污染现状[J].环境与职业医学, 2016, 33(4):350-355Dan X M, Wang B S, Lu B B, et al. Investigation of pollution of phthalate esters and bisphenols in source water and drinking water in Hefei City, China[J]. Journal of Environmental&Occupational Medicine, 2016, 33(4):350-355(in Chinese)
[31] Liu X W, Shi J H, Bo T, et al. Occurrence of phthalic acid esters in source waters:A nationwide survey in China during the period of 2009–2012[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2014, 184:262-270
[32] Liu Y H, Zhang S H, Ji G X, et al. Occurrence, distribution and risk assessment of suspected endocrine-disrupting chemicals in surface water and suspended particulate matter of Yangtze River(Nanjing section)[J]. Ecotoxicology&Environmental Safety, 2017, 135:90-97
[33]龚剑,冉勇,黄文,等.内分泌干扰物在珠三角河水多相中的分配及风险[J].生态毒理学报, 2016, 11(2):518-523Gong J, Ran Y, Huang W, et al. Partitioning and risk of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in multiphases of the rivers from the Pearl River Delta, China[J]. Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology, 2016, 11(2):518-523(in Chinese)
[34] He W, Qin N, Kong X, et al. Spatio-temporal distributions and the ecological and health risks of phthalate esters(PAEs)in the surface water of a large, shallow Chinese lake[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2013, s461-462(7):672-680
[35] Kuster M, Alda M J L, Hernando M D, et al. Analysis and occurrence of pharmaceuticals, estrogens, progestogens and polar pesticides in sewage treatment plant effluents, river water and drinking water in the Llobregat River Basin(Barcelona, Spain)[J]. Journal of Hydrology, 2008,358:112-123
[36] Nikolaou A, Meric S, Fatta D. Occurrence patterns of pharmaceuticals in water and wastewater environments[J]. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 2007, 387:1225-1234
[37] Arikan O A, Rice C, Codling E. Occurrence of antibiotics and hormones in a major agricultural watershed[J]. Desalination, 2008, 226:121-133
[38] Lin A Y C, Yu T H, Lin C F. Pharmaceutical contamination in residential, industrial, and agricultural waste streams:Risk to aqueous environments in Taiwan[J].Chemosphere, 2008, 74:131-141
[39] Kümmerer K. The presence of pharmaceuticals in the environment due to human use—Present knowledge and future challenges[J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 2009, 90:2354-2366
[40] Vera-Candioti L, García M D G, Galera M M, et al. Chemometric assisted solid-phase microextraction for the determination of anti-inflammatory and antiepileptic drugs in river water by liquid chromatography-diode array detection[J]. Journal of Chromatography A, 2008, 1211(1-2):22-32
[41] Pal A, Gin K Y, Lin A Y, et al. Impacts of emerging organic contaminants on freshwater resources:Review of recent occurrences, sources, fate and effects[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2010, 408(24):6062-6069
[42]王侠.三峡库区城市给水厂典型有毒有害有机物分布研究[D].重庆:重庆大学, 2007:40-43
[2] Zoeller R T, Brown T R, Doan L L, et al. Endocrine-disrupting chemicals and public health protection:A statement of principles from The Endocrine Society[J]. Endocrinology, 2012, 153(9):4097
[3] Braun J M. Early-life exposure to EDCs:Role in childhood obesity and neurodevelopment[J]. Nature Reviews Endocrinology, 2016, 13(3):161
[4] Archer E, Petrie B, Kasprzyk-Hordern B, et al. The fate of pharmaceuticals and personal care products(PPCPs),endocrine disrupting contaminants(EDCs), metabolites and illicit drugs in a WWTW and environmental waters[J]. Chemosphere, 2017, 174:437
[5] Montesgrajales D, Fennixagudelo M, Mirandacastro W.Occurrence of personal care products as emerging chemicals of concern in water resources:A review[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2017, 595:601-614
[6] Yang Y, Ok Y S, Kim K H, et al. Occurrences and removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products(PPCPs)in drinking water and water/sewage treatment plants:A review[J]. Science of the Total Environment,2017, s596-597:303-320
[7] Gmurek M, Olak-Kucharczyk M, Ledakowicz S. Photochemical decomposition of endocrine disrupting compounds-A review[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal,2016, 310(2):437-456
[8] Adeel M, Song X, Wang Y, et al. Environmental impact of estrogens on human, animal and plant life:A critical review[J]. Environment International, 2016, 99:107
[9] Zhao J, Ying G, Yang B, et al. Screening of multiple hormonal activities in surface water and sediment from the Pearl River system, South China, using effect-directed in vitro bioassays[J]. Environmental Toxicology&Chemistry, 2011, 30(10):2208-2215
[10] Nie M, Yan C, Dong W, et al. Occurrence, distribution and risk assessment of estrogens in surface water, suspended particulate matter, and sediments of the Yangtze Estuary[J]. Chemosphere, 2015, 127:109-116
[11]陈晓雯,赵建亮,刘有胜,等.长江中下游环境激素效应的污染特征及生态风险[J].生态毒理学报, 2016, 11(3):191-203Chen X, Zhao J, Liu Y, et al. Occurrence and ecological risks of hormonal activities in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River[J]. Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology, 2016, 11(3):191-203(in Chinese)
[12]卜庆伟,王东红,王子健.基于风险分析的流域优先有机污染物筛查:方法构建[J].生态毒理学报, 2016, 11(1):61-69Bu Q W, Wang D H, Wang Z J. A risk-based screening approach for priority organic contaminants at the watershed scale:Method development[J]. Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology, 2016, 11(1):61-69(in Chinese)
[13] Pan S, Kadokami K, Li X, et al. Target and screening analysis of 940 micro-pollutants in sediments in Tokyo Bay, Japan[J]. Chemosphere, 2014, 99(3):109-116
[14] Bu Q W, Wang D, Wang Z, et al. Identification and ranking of the risky organic contaminants in the source water of the Danjiangkou Reservoir[J]. Frontiers of Environmental Science&Engineering, 2014, 8(1):42-53
[15]陈锡超,罗茜,宋翰文,等.北京官厅水库特征污染物筛查及其健康风险评价[J].生态毒理学报, 2013, 8(6):981-992Chen X C, Luo Q, Song H W, et al. Screening of priority contaminants and health risk assessment in Beijing Guanting Reservoir[J]. Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology, 2013, 8(6):981-992(in Chinese)
[16] Our Stolen Future[EB/OL].[2018-10-12]. http://www.ourstolenfuture.org/basics/chemlist.htm.
[17] Ministry of the Environment of Japan. Environment Agency's Basic Policy on Environmental Endocrine Disruptors, Strategic Programs on Environmental Endocrine Disruptors SPEED'98[R]. Tokyo:Environmental Policy Bureau, 1998
[18] World Wildlife Fund Canada[EB/OL].[2018-10-12]. http://www.greatlakes.nwf.org;cgi/ldmsapp/EDCList.
[19] The International Chemical Secretariat. SIN LIST[EB/OL].[2018-10-12]. https://chemsec.org/sin-list/
[20] Yang X H, Liu H H, Liu J N, et al. Status quo of management of endocrine disrupting chemicals in abroad and corresponding strategies for China[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2018, 34(2):104-113
[21] European Commission. Endocrine Disruptors[EB/OL].[2018-10-12]. http://ec. europa. eu/environment/chemicals/endocrine/index_en.htm
[22] United States Environmental Protection Agency. Endocrine Disruption[EB/OL].[2018-10-12]. https://www.epa.gov/endocrine-disruption
[23]环境保护部科技标准司.国内外化学污染物环境与健康风险排序比较研究[M].北京:科学出版社, 2010:5-103
[24] UNEP. Final act of the conference of plenipotentiaries on The Stockholm Convention on persistent organic pollutants[R]. Geneva, Switzerland:United Nations Environment Program, 2001
[25]范薇,周金龙,曾妍妍,等.石河子地区地下水优先控制污染物的确定[J].人民黄河, 2018, 40(4):69-71Fan W, Zhou J L, Zeng Y Y, et al. Determination of priority control pollutants of groundwater in Shihezi Area[J].Yellow River, 2018, 40(4):69-71(in Chinese)
[26] Liu W R, Yang Y Y, Liu Y S, et al. Biocides in the river system of a highly urbanized region:A systematic investigation involving runoff input[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2018, 624:1023-1030
[27] Mahmoud M A, JoséR, Raúl O, et al. Environmental impact of phthalic acid esters and their removal from water and sediments by different technologies-A review[J].Journal of Environmental Management, 2012, 109:164-178
[28] Sun K, Jin J, Marco K, et al. Polar and aliphatic domains regulate sorption of phthalic acid esters(PAEs)to biochars[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2012, 118:120-127
[29]蒋丽佳,许秋瑾,梁存珍,等.江苏某县地下水邻苯二甲酸酯类的检测与风险评价[J].中国环境监测, 2013,29(4):5-10Jiang L J, Xu Q J, Liang C Z, et al. Detection and risk assessment of phthalates in groundwater in a country of Jiangsu Province[J]. Environmental Monitoring in China,2013, 29(4):5-10(in Chinese)
[30]单晓梅,王冰霜,陆蓓蓓,等.合肥市水源水与饮用水中邻苯二甲酸酯类和双酚类化合物的污染现状[J].环境与职业医学, 2016, 33(4):350-355Dan X M, Wang B S, Lu B B, et al. Investigation of pollution of phthalate esters and bisphenols in source water and drinking water in Hefei City, China[J]. Journal of Environmental&Occupational Medicine, 2016, 33(4):350-355(in Chinese)
[31] Liu X W, Shi J H, Bo T, et al. Occurrence of phthalic acid esters in source waters:A nationwide survey in China during the period of 2009–2012[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2014, 184:262-270
[32] Liu Y H, Zhang S H, Ji G X, et al. Occurrence, distribution and risk assessment of suspected endocrine-disrupting chemicals in surface water and suspended particulate matter of Yangtze River(Nanjing section)[J]. Ecotoxicology&Environmental Safety, 2017, 135:90-97
[33]龚剑,冉勇,黄文,等.内分泌干扰物在珠三角河水多相中的分配及风险[J].生态毒理学报, 2016, 11(2):518-523Gong J, Ran Y, Huang W, et al. Partitioning and risk of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in multiphases of the rivers from the Pearl River Delta, China[J]. Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology, 2016, 11(2):518-523(in Chinese)
[34] He W, Qin N, Kong X, et al. Spatio-temporal distributions and the ecological and health risks of phthalate esters(PAEs)in the surface water of a large, shallow Chinese lake[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2013, s461-462(7):672-680
[35] Kuster M, Alda M J L, Hernando M D, et al. Analysis and occurrence of pharmaceuticals, estrogens, progestogens and polar pesticides in sewage treatment plant effluents, river water and drinking water in the Llobregat River Basin(Barcelona, Spain)[J]. Journal of Hydrology, 2008,358:112-123
[36] Nikolaou A, Meric S, Fatta D. Occurrence patterns of pharmaceuticals in water and wastewater environments[J]. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 2007, 387:1225-1234
[37] Arikan O A, Rice C, Codling E. Occurrence of antibiotics and hormones in a major agricultural watershed[J]. Desalination, 2008, 226:121-133
[38] Lin A Y C, Yu T H, Lin C F. Pharmaceutical contamination in residential, industrial, and agricultural waste streams:Risk to aqueous environments in Taiwan[J].Chemosphere, 2008, 74:131-141
[39] Kümmerer K. The presence of pharmaceuticals in the environment due to human use—Present knowledge and future challenges[J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 2009, 90:2354-2366
[40] Vera-Candioti L, García M D G, Galera M M, et al. Chemometric assisted solid-phase microextraction for the determination of anti-inflammatory and antiepileptic drugs in river water by liquid chromatography-diode array detection[J]. Journal of Chromatography A, 2008, 1211(1-2):22-32
[41] Pal A, Gin K Y, Lin A Y, et al. Impacts of emerging organic contaminants on freshwater resources:Review of recent occurrences, sources, fate and effects[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2010, 408(24):6062-6069
[42]王侠.三峡库区城市给水厂典型有毒有害有机物分布研究[D].重庆:重庆大学, 2007:40-43