基于价值链的数据管理理论思考
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摘要
面对当前大数据环境对企业数据管理提出的增强多源数据融合、实现信息化与管理提升相结合的要求,需要突破组织界限的束缚,从价值链视角探究数据管理的架构、模型与方法。本文从企业信息化建设所面临的困境出发,分析价值单元、价值链以及价值链网之间的逻辑关系,提出基于价值链解构与重构的企业数据管理架构。通过构建数据感知与获取、组织与整合、分析与服务模型,实现信息系统轻量化、数据与业务逻辑分离化、内部与外部资源联动化的企业信息化建设目标,为资源的统筹规划、优化配置以及企业业务流程再造提供解决思路。
Enterprise data management in the era of big data needs to integrate multi-source data and enhance the combination of information technology and management.In order to achieve this goal,it is necessary to break the shackles of organization boundaries and to explore the architecture,models and methods of data management from the perspective of value chain.Starting from the predicament faced by enterprise information construction,this paper analyzes the logical relationship between value unit,value chain and value chain network,and proposes an enterprise data management architecture based on value chain deconstruction and reconstruction.The data perception and acquisition,organization and integration,analysis and service models are constructed to realize the lightweight of the information system,the separation of data from the business logic,and the linkage of internal and external resources.And it will provide solutions to the overall planning and optimization of resources and reengineering of business processes.
Enterprise data management in the era of big data needs to integrate multi-source data and enhance the combination of information technology and management.In order to achieve this goal,it is necessary to break the shackles of organization boundaries and to explore the architecture,models and methods of data management from the perspective of value chain.Starting from the predicament faced by enterprise information construction,this paper analyzes the logical relationship between value unit,value chain and value chain network,and proposes an enterprise data management architecture based on value chain deconstruction and reconstruction.The data perception and acquisition,organization and integration,analysis and service models are constructed to realize the lightweight of the information system,the separation of data from the business logic,and the linkage of internal and external resources.And it will provide solutions to the overall planning and optimization of resources and reengineering of business processes.
引文
[1]新华网.习近平:实施国家大数据战略加快建设数字[EB/OL].[2017-12-11].http://news.xinhuanet.com/2017-12/09/c_1122084706.htm.
[2]刘士军,王兴山,王腾江.工业4.0下的企业大数据[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2016:107-110.
[3]Romero D,Vernadat F.Enterprise information systems state of the art:Past,present and future trends[J].Computers in Industry,2016(79):3-13.
[4]Minchala L I,Ochoa S,Velecela E,et al.An open source SCADA system to implement advanced computer integrated manufacturing[J].IEEE Latin America Transactions,2017,14(12):4657-4662.
[5]Adam F,O’Doherty P.Lessons from enterprise resource planning implementations in Ireland–towards smaller and shorter ERP projects[J].Journal of Information Technology,2000,15(4):305-316.
[6]蓝伯雄,郑燕.基于供应链结构的企业资源计划系统[J].计算机集成制造系统,2005,11(11):1580-1586.
[7]Ali M,Miller L.ERP System Implementation in Large Enterprises-A Systematic Literature Review[J].Journal of Enterprise Information Management,2017,30(4):666-692.
[8]涂兰敬.电子科技大学教授周涛谈大数据的变革[EB/OL].[2017-12-10].http://cloud.zol.com.cn/370/3703207.html.
[9]陆泉,张良韬.处理流程视角下的大数据技术发展现状与趋势[J].信息资源管理学报,2017,7(4):17-28.
[10]迈克尔·波特.竞争优势:creating and sustaining superior performance[M].北京:中信出版社,2014:29-50.
[11]Butler J R,Gunn R,Berry H L,et al.A Value Chain Analysis of ghost nets in the Arafura Sea:identifying transboundary stakeholders,intervention points and livelihood trade-offs[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2013,123(1):14-25.
[12]RAPHAEL KAPLINSKY.Spreading the Gains from Globalization:What Can Be Learned from Value-Chain Analysis[J].Problems of Economic Transition,2004,47(2):74-115.
[13]Walters D,Rainbird M.The demand chain as an integral component of the value chain[J].Journal of Consumer Marketing,2004,21(7):465-475.
[14]王岚,李宏艳.中国制造业融入全球价值链路径研究——嵌入位置和增值能力的视角[J].中国工业经济,2015(2):76-88.
[15]Góra J.Global Value Chains as a Tool for Globalization Studies[J].Organization&Management,2013,2013:43-64.
[16]Gereffi G.International trade and industrial upgrading in the apparel commodity chain[J].2004,48(1):37-70.
[17]R.Kaplinsky.Globalisation and Unequalisation:What Can Be Learned from Value Chain Analysis?[J].Journal of Development Studies,2000,37(2):117-146.
[18]高闯,关鑫.比较管理的研究对象与边界[J].中国工业经济,2010(12):138-148.
[19]苟娟琼.虚拟服务价值网的建模与动态整合研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2009:44-46.
[20]王晓明.基于价值共赢的电信商业模式研究[D].成都:电子科技大学,2009:38-40.
[21]佟石.基于价值网络的我国医药企业创新集成管理研究[D].上海:复旦大学,2004:53-56.
[22]王淑贤.基于需求冲击分析的产业集群治理机制[J].当代经济科学,2006,28(1):22-26.
[23]张树臣,高长元.基于价值网的高技术虚拟产业集群合作与竞争协同演化研究[J].软科学,2013,27(9):13-18.
[24]李亚函.大型装备制造企业EVA价值单元体系构建研究[D].天津:河北工业大学,2012:25-27.
[25]Li J.Based on the Virtual Value Chain and Value Net of the Logistics Value Chain Construction and Management[C]//Fifth International Conference on Measuring Technology and Mechatronics Automation.IEEE,2013:327-330.
[26]Brookes B C.The Foundations of Information Science:Part I,Philosophical Aspects[J].Journal of Information Science,1980,2(5):125-133.
[27]傅代国,田小刚.基于价值星系的战略成本管理研究——一个企业间的战略视角[J].中国工业经济,2008(10):119-128.
[28]Stefano Ponte,Timothy Sturgeon.Explaining governance in global value chains:A modular theory-building effort[J].Review of International Political Economy,2014,21(1):195-223.
[29]Gong X M,Cao J P.Design and implementation of distributed data collection management platform[C]//International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Communication Networks.IEEE,2016:820-822.
[30]Kwangsoo K,Jin S I.Branch-Based Centralized Data Collection for Smart Grids Using Wireless Sensor Networks[J].Sensors,2015,15(5):54-72.
[31]张蕾.基于云计算的大数据处理技术[J].信息系统工程,2014(4):121-121.
[32]王蕾,夏绪辉,曹建华,等.再制造服务需求动态获取方法及应用[J/OL].计算机集成制造系统,1-17.[2017-05-04].http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.3619.TP.20170504.0715.014.html.
[2]刘士军,王兴山,王腾江.工业4.0下的企业大数据[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2016:107-110.
[3]Romero D,Vernadat F.Enterprise information systems state of the art:Past,present and future trends[J].Computers in Industry,2016(79):3-13.
[4]Minchala L I,Ochoa S,Velecela E,et al.An open source SCADA system to implement advanced computer integrated manufacturing[J].IEEE Latin America Transactions,2017,14(12):4657-4662.
[5]Adam F,O’Doherty P.Lessons from enterprise resource planning implementations in Ireland–towards smaller and shorter ERP projects[J].Journal of Information Technology,2000,15(4):305-316.
[6]蓝伯雄,郑燕.基于供应链结构的企业资源计划系统[J].计算机集成制造系统,2005,11(11):1580-1586.
[7]Ali M,Miller L.ERP System Implementation in Large Enterprises-A Systematic Literature Review[J].Journal of Enterprise Information Management,2017,30(4):666-692.
[8]涂兰敬.电子科技大学教授周涛谈大数据的变革[EB/OL].[2017-12-10].http://cloud.zol.com.cn/370/3703207.html.
[9]陆泉,张良韬.处理流程视角下的大数据技术发展现状与趋势[J].信息资源管理学报,2017,7(4):17-28.
[10]迈克尔·波特.竞争优势:creating and sustaining superior performance[M].北京:中信出版社,2014:29-50.
[11]Butler J R,Gunn R,Berry H L,et al.A Value Chain Analysis of ghost nets in the Arafura Sea:identifying transboundary stakeholders,intervention points and livelihood trade-offs[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2013,123(1):14-25.
[12]RAPHAEL KAPLINSKY.Spreading the Gains from Globalization:What Can Be Learned from Value-Chain Analysis[J].Problems of Economic Transition,2004,47(2):74-115.
[13]Walters D,Rainbird M.The demand chain as an integral component of the value chain[J].Journal of Consumer Marketing,2004,21(7):465-475.
[14]王岚,李宏艳.中国制造业融入全球价值链路径研究——嵌入位置和增值能力的视角[J].中国工业经济,2015(2):76-88.
[15]Góra J.Global Value Chains as a Tool for Globalization Studies[J].Organization&Management,2013,2013:43-64.
[16]Gereffi G.International trade and industrial upgrading in the apparel commodity chain[J].2004,48(1):37-70.
[17]R.Kaplinsky.Globalisation and Unequalisation:What Can Be Learned from Value Chain Analysis?[J].Journal of Development Studies,2000,37(2):117-146.
[18]高闯,关鑫.比较管理的研究对象与边界[J].中国工业经济,2010(12):138-148.
[19]苟娟琼.虚拟服务价值网的建模与动态整合研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2009:44-46.
[20]王晓明.基于价值共赢的电信商业模式研究[D].成都:电子科技大学,2009:38-40.
[21]佟石.基于价值网络的我国医药企业创新集成管理研究[D].上海:复旦大学,2004:53-56.
[22]王淑贤.基于需求冲击分析的产业集群治理机制[J].当代经济科学,2006,28(1):22-26.
[23]张树臣,高长元.基于价值网的高技术虚拟产业集群合作与竞争协同演化研究[J].软科学,2013,27(9):13-18.
[24]李亚函.大型装备制造企业EVA价值单元体系构建研究[D].天津:河北工业大学,2012:25-27.
[25]Li J.Based on the Virtual Value Chain and Value Net of the Logistics Value Chain Construction and Management[C]//Fifth International Conference on Measuring Technology and Mechatronics Automation.IEEE,2013:327-330.
[26]Brookes B C.The Foundations of Information Science:Part I,Philosophical Aspects[J].Journal of Information Science,1980,2(5):125-133.
[27]傅代国,田小刚.基于价值星系的战略成本管理研究——一个企业间的战略视角[J].中国工业经济,2008(10):119-128.
[28]Stefano Ponte,Timothy Sturgeon.Explaining governance in global value chains:A modular theory-building effort[J].Review of International Political Economy,2014,21(1):195-223.
[29]Gong X M,Cao J P.Design and implementation of distributed data collection management platform[C]//International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Communication Networks.IEEE,2016:820-822.
[30]Kwangsoo K,Jin S I.Branch-Based Centralized Data Collection for Smart Grids Using Wireless Sensor Networks[J].Sensors,2015,15(5):54-72.
[31]张蕾.基于云计算的大数据处理技术[J].信息系统工程,2014(4):121-121.
[32]王蕾,夏绪辉,曹建华,等.再制造服务需求动态获取方法及应用[J/OL].计算机集成制造系统,1-17.[2017-05-04].http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.3619.TP.20170504.0715.014.html.