废旧电池处理现状及对策分析
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摘要
电子产品设备更新换代速度的加快及其数量的增加,导致其生命周期缩短。电池作为一个重要的功能部件,废弃电池数量也极大的增加。电池中含有有毒有害物质,同时也有有价值的金属,资源化回收利用对我国经济与环境都有重要意义。目前我国仍然缺乏低成本环境友好的回收技术手段,导致电池难以安全高效处理。本文介绍了废旧电池的主要种类、国内外的处理现状、废旧电池的主要构成成分、所造成的危害和处理的新方法和政策。
The speed and quantity of the upgrading of electronic devices are increasing rapidly and the life cycle is shortened.The battery is an important feature and the number of discarded batteries is greatly increased.Batteries contain toxic and hazardous substances,but also valuable metals.Recycling and utilization of resources are important for China's economy and the environment.At present,China still lacks low-cost environmentally friendly recycling technologies,which makes it difficult to handle batteries safely and efficiently.This paper introduces the main types of waste batteries,the domestic and international treatment status,the main components of waste batteries,the methods and policies of the damage and the latest treatment.
The speed and quantity of the upgrading of electronic devices are increasing rapidly and the life cycle is shortened.The battery is an important feature and the number of discarded batteries is greatly increased.Batteries contain toxic and hazardous substances,but also valuable metals.Recycling and utilization of resources are important for China's economy and the environment.At present,China still lacks low-cost environmentally friendly recycling technologies,which makes it difficult to handle batteries safely and efficiently.This paper introduces the main types of waste batteries,the domestic and international treatment status,the main components of waste batteries,the methods and policies of the damage and the latest treatment.
引文
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[34]Beolchini F,Fonti V,Dell Anno A,et al.Assessment of biotechnological strategies for the valorization of metal bearing wastes[J].Waste Management,2012,32(5):949-956.
[35]Cerruti C,Curutchet G,Donati E.Bio-dissolution of spent nickel-cadmium batteries using Thiobacillus ferrooxidans[J].Journal of Biotechnology, 1998, 62(3):209.
[36]Dutta T,Kim K H,Deep A,et al.Recovery of nanomaterials from battery and electronic wastes:A new paradigm of environmental waste management[J].Renewable&Sustainable Energy Reviews,2018,82.
[37]Reck B K,Graedel T E.Challenges in metal recycling[J].Science.2012.
[38]Liu T,Qiu K.Removing antimony from waste lead storage batteries alloy by vacuum displacement reaction technology[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials.2018.
[39]环境保护部公告2016年第82号关于发布《铅蓄电池再生及生产污染防治技术政策》和《废电池污染防治技术政策》的公告[R].中华人民共和国环境保护部.2016.
[2] Rafia Afroz,Muhammad Mehedi Masud,Rulia Akhtar,et al.Survey and analysis of public knowledge,awareness and willingness to pay inKuala Lumpur,Malaysiaa case study on household WEEE management[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2013,52(4):185-193.
[3]信息部.中国2008年电池生产量、销售量和出口量汇总统计-中国信息产业年鉴[R].2009.
[4]陈军,陶占良,勾兴龙.化学电源-原理、技术与应用[M].北京:化学工程出版社.2006.
[5]程新群.化学电源[M].北京:化学工业出版社.2008.
[6] EPBA(European Portable Battery Association).EPBA Study on the Collection of Waste Portable in Europe[R].2014.
[7] Utnews.Lithium-ion battery inventor introduces new technology for fast-charging,noncombustible batteries[R/OL].https://news.utexas.edu/2017/02/28/goodenough-introduces-new-battery-technology.2017.
[8]贾旭平.锂离子电池材料发展展望[J].电池技术.2014,5:803-804.
[9] Freedonia.World Batteries Industry Study with Forecasts for 2016&2021[OL].http://www.freedoniagroup.com/World-Batteries.html 2012.
[10]Li Zhou,Mohamed M.Naim,Yan Wang.Soft systems analysis of reverse logistics battery recycling in China[J].2007,10(1):57-70.
[11]环保部.铅酸蓄电池生产及再生污染防治技术政策[Z].2012.
[12]徐艳辉,陈长聘,王晓林.废旧MH—Ni电池金属材料的再利用[J].电源技术,2002,26(3):154-157.
[13]王保士.国内外废旧电池的回收利用及其管理[J].再生资源研究.2002,2:36-39.
[14]Liu G,Yu Y,Hou J,et al.An ecological risk assessment of heavy metal pollution of the agricultural ecosystem near a lead-acid battery factory[J].2014,47:210-218.
[15]USEPA(United States Environmental Protection Agency),Batteries[N/OL].http://www.epa.gov/osw/conserve/materials/battery 2012.
[16]USEPA(United States Environmental Protection Agency).Batteries Recycling and Disposal Guide for Households[N/OL].http://ehso.com/ehshome/batteries.php 2015.
[17]Krekeler M P S,Barrett H A,Davis R,et al.An investigation of mass and brand diversity in a spent battery recycling collection with an emphasis on spent alkaline batteries:Implications for waste management and future policy concerns[J].Journal of Power Sources.2012,203(203):222-226.
[18]BAJ(Battery Association of Japan).Dry batteries and lithium primary batteries(common in combustibles)[N/OL].http://www.baj.or.jp/e/recycle/recycle01.html.2012.
[19]National Institue of Environmental Studies.The Recycling Scheme for Compact Rechargeable Batteries in Japan-under the Act on the Promotion of Effective Utilization of Resources[Z].2014.
[20]杨理.废旧碱性锌锰电池和废旧锂离子电池资源化研究[D].河南师范大学,2016.
[21]Wang R C,Lin Y C,Wu S H.A novel recovery process of metal values from the cathode active materials of the lithium-ion secondary batteries[J].Hydrometallurgy.2009,99(3):194-201.
[22]Kyoungkeun Y,Shunmyung S,Yang D H,et al.Biological treatment of wastewater produced during recycling of spent lithium primary battery.[J].Minerals Engineering,2010,23(3):219-224.
[23]Li J,Shi P,Wang Z,et al.A combined recovery process of metals in spent lithium-ion batteries[J].Chemosphere,2009,77(8):1132-1136.
[24]Ogunbode C A,Arnold K.A Study of Environmental Awareness and Attitudes in Ibadan,Nigeria[J].Human&Ecological Risk Assessment An International Journal.2012,18(3):669-684.
[25]Belardi G,Lavecchia R,Medici F,et al.Thermal treatment for recovery of manganese and zinc from zinc-carbon and alkaline spent batteries.[J].Waste Manag.2012,32(10):1945-1951.
[26]Nan J,Han D,Cui M,et al.Recycling spent zinc manganese dioxide batteries through synthesizing Zn-Mn ferrite magnetic materials.[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2006,133(1):257-261.
[27]Jha M K,Kumar V,Singh R J.Review of hydrometallurgical recovery of zinc from industrial wastes[J].Resources Conservation&Recycling.2001,33(1):1-22.
[28]Sayilgan E,Kukrer T,Civelekoglu G,et al.A review of technologies for the recovery of metals from spent alkaline and zinc-carbon batteries[J].Hydrometallurgy,2009,97(3):158-166.
[29]Peng C H,Bai B S,Chen Y F.Study on the preparation of Mn-Zn soft magnetic ferrite powders from waste ZnMn dry batteries[J].Waste Management,2008,28(2):326-332.
[30]Mishra D,Rhee Y H.Microbial leaching of metals from solid industrial wastes.[J].Journal of Microbiology,2014,52(1):1-7.
[31]Brandl H,Faramarzi M A.MICROBE-METAL-INTERACTIONS FOR THE BIOTECHNOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF METAL-CONTAINING SOLID WASTE[J].Particuology,2006,4(2):93-97.
[32]Rohwerder T,Gehrke T,Kinzler K,et al.Bioleaching review part A:progress in bioleaching:fundamentals and mechanisms of bacterial metal sulfide oxidation[J].Applied Microbiology&Biotechnology,2003.
[33]Vestola E A,Kuusenaho M K,Nrhi H M,et al.Acid bioleaching of solid waste materials from copper,steel and recycling industries[J].Hydrometallurgy,2010,103(1):74-79.
[34]Beolchini F,Fonti V,Dell Anno A,et al.Assessment of biotechnological strategies for the valorization of metal bearing wastes[J].Waste Management,2012,32(5):949-956.
[35]Cerruti C,Curutchet G,Donati E.Bio-dissolution of spent nickel-cadmium batteries using Thiobacillus ferrooxidans[J].Journal of Biotechnology, 1998, 62(3):209.
[36]Dutta T,Kim K H,Deep A,et al.Recovery of nanomaterials from battery and electronic wastes:A new paradigm of environmental waste management[J].Renewable&Sustainable Energy Reviews,2018,82.
[37]Reck B K,Graedel T E.Challenges in metal recycling[J].Science.2012.
[38]Liu T,Qiu K.Removing antimony from waste lead storage batteries alloy by vacuum displacement reaction technology[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials.2018.
[39]环境保护部公告2016年第82号关于发布《铅蓄电池再生及生产污染防治技术政策》和《废电池污染防治技术政策》的公告[R].中华人民共和国环境保护部.2016.