薄壁细长轴壁厚测量技术研究
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摘要
针对航空发动机中薄壁细长轴类零件的壁厚需要精密高效测量的问题,提出了一种双测头快速高精度测量方法。该方法以大长径比碳纤维测杆支撑小型非接触光学测头进行细长轴内壁测量,以龙门式框架安装接触式测头同时进行细长轴外壁测量,并采用高精度气浮平台作为工作台带动零件移动,从而实现对细长轴类零件的壁厚进行测量。采用该方法研制了测量设备,并详细介绍了机械、电控和软件设计。通过实验和第三方检测,该测量设备可对长度1 500 mm、内孔直径14 mm的细长轴进行壁厚测量,验证了本方法的有效性。
Aiming at the measurement of the wall thickness of thin-walled slender shaft parts in aero-engine, a fast and high-precision measurement method of dual probe is proposed. A small non-contact optical probe in the present method is used to measure the inner wall of a slender shaft with a large length diameter ratio carbon fiber pole, and the contact type head is installed in the gantry structure to measure the outer wall of the slender shaft at the same time, and the high precision air floating platform is used as the worktable to measure the wall thickness of the slender shaft parts. The measurement equipment is developed by using the present method, and the mechanical, electronic control and software design are introduced in detail. Through the third party detection, the device can measure the thickness of the slender shaft with a length of 1 500 mm and an inner hole diameter of 14 mm, and the effectiveness of the method is verified.
Aiming at the measurement of the wall thickness of thin-walled slender shaft parts in aero-engine, a fast and high-precision measurement method of dual probe is proposed. A small non-contact optical probe in the present method is used to measure the inner wall of a slender shaft with a large length diameter ratio carbon fiber pole, and the contact type head is installed in the gantry structure to measure the outer wall of the slender shaft at the same time, and the high precision air floating platform is used as the worktable to measure the wall thickness of the slender shaft parts. The measurement equipment is developed by using the present method, and the mechanical, electronic control and software design are introduced in detail. Through the third party detection, the device can measure the thickness of the slender shaft with a length of 1 500 mm and an inner hole diameter of 14 mm, and the effectiveness of the method is verified.
引文
[1] 姜雪梅.空心长轴深孔加工工艺研究[J].航空精密制造技术,2011,47(4):46-49Jiang X M.Study on machining technology for hollow deep hole[J].Aviation Precision Manufacturing Technology,2011,47(4):46-49 (in Chinese)
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[8] 尚小燕,姜旭,武继安.基于图像处理的轴类零件尺寸测量技术研究[J].工具技术,2012,46(3):85-87Shang X Y,Jiang X,Wu J A.Research on size measurement of shaft parts based on image processing[J].Tool Engineering,2012,46(3):85-87 (in Chinese)
[9] 祁晓玲,赵霞霞,靳伍银.基于机器视觉的轴类零件几何尺寸测量[J].组合机床与自动化加工技术,2013,(1):65-67Qi X L,Zhao X X,Jin W Y.Geometric dimensions measurement for shaft based on machine vision[J].Modular Machine Tool &&utomatic Manufacturing Technique,2013,(1):65-67 (in Chinese)
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[13] 刘勇,李昆,王帼媛.激光在机测量系统的实现[J].光学精密工程,2017,25(10):2668-2675Liu Y,Li K,Wang G Y.Implementation of laser on-machine measuring system[J].Optics and Precision Engineering,2017,25(10):2668-2675 (in Chinese)
[14] 毕超,房建国,刘京亮,等.基于球形目标的激光位移传感器光束方向标定[J].光学精密工程,2015,23(3):678-685Bi C,Fang J G,Liu J L,et al.Calibration of beam direction of laser displacement sensor based on spherical target[J].Optics and Precision Engineering,2015,23(3):678-685 (in Chinese)
[15] Bi C,Liu Y,Fang J G,et al.Calibration of laser beam direction for optical coordinate measuring system[J].Measurement,2015,73:191-199
[16] 罗胜彬,宋春华,韦兴平,等.非接触测量技术发展研究综述[J].机床与液压,2013,41(23):150-153Luo S B,Song C H,Wei X P,et al.Review for the development and research of non-contact measurement technology[J].Machine Tool & Hydraulics,2013,41(23):150-153 (in Chinese)
[2] 孙涛,傅玉灿,何磊,等.航空零部件车铣加工技术的应用与发展[J].航空制造技术,2016,(6):24-32Sun T,Fu Y C,He L,et al.Application and development of turn-milling technology for aeronautic components[J].Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology,2016,(6):24-32 (in Chinese)
[3] 马鹏举,许志永,程向,等.基于旋转锻造工艺的航空发动机薄壁空心细长轴加工精度研究[J].锻压技术,2017,(3):1-10Ma P J,Xu Z Y,Cheng X,et al.Study on machining precision of thin wall long hollow shaft for aero-engine based on rotary swaging technology[J].Forging & Stamping Technology,2017,(3):1-10 (in Chinese)
[4] 陈磊,张晓熹,王莲,等.细长空心涡轮轴加工工艺研究[J].中国新技术新产品,2016,(23):40-40Chen L,Zhang X X,Wang L,et al.Study on processing technology of slender hollow turbine shaft[J].New Technology & New Products of China,2016,(23):40-40 (in Chinese)
[5] 王亚丽.空心长轴深孔加工技术分析[J].科技创新与应用,2012,(11):72Wang Y L.Analysis of hollow long shaft deep hole processing technology[J].Technology Innovation and Application,2012,(11):72 (in Chinese)
[6] 王磊.深孔加工中专用量具的设计[J].金属加工(冷加工),2008,(1):53-54Wang L.Design of special measuring tool in deep hole processing[J].Metal Working (Metal Cutting),2008,(1):53-54 (in Chinese)
[7] 张悦.带深孔的细长轴壁厚的测量[J].现代制造工程,2002,(12):46Zhang Y.Measurement of the thickness of a slender shaft with a deep hole[J].Modern Manufacturing Engineering,2002,(12):46 (in Chinese)
[8] 尚小燕,姜旭,武继安.基于图像处理的轴类零件尺寸测量技术研究[J].工具技术,2012,46(3):85-87Shang X Y,Jiang X,Wu J A.Research on size measurement of shaft parts based on image processing[J].Tool Engineering,2012,46(3):85-87 (in Chinese)
[9] 祁晓玲,赵霞霞,靳伍银.基于机器视觉的轴类零件几何尺寸测量[J].组合机床与自动化加工技术,2013,(1):65-67Qi X L,Zhao X X,Jin W Y.Geometric dimensions measurement for shaft based on machine vision[J].Modular Machine Tool &&utomatic Manufacturing Technique,2013,(1):65-67 (in Chinese)
[10] 赵长瑞,吴伏家,尹晓霞.深孔加工连续测厚系统的研究[J].机械工程师,2009,(5):33-34Zhao C R,Wu F J,Yin X X.The research on the system of ultrasonic successive measuring thickness in deep hole processing[J].Mechanical Engineer,2009,(5):33-34 (in Chinese)
[11] 岳晓斌,陈永鹏.一种深孔尺寸、圆度、同轴度及直线度测量方法[J].工具技术,2008,42(1):111-113Yue X B,Chen Y P.Measuring method for diameter,roundness,coaxiality and linearity of deep holes[J].Tool Engineering,2008,42(1):111-113 (in Chinese)
[12] 张俊英.内孔偏心超声检测技术与系统研究[D].太原:中北大学,2014Zhang J Y.Research on the ultrasonic testing technology and system for eccentric inner hole[D].Taiyuan:North University of China,2014 (in Chinese)
[13] 刘勇,李昆,王帼媛.激光在机测量系统的实现[J].光学精密工程,2017,25(10):2668-2675Liu Y,Li K,Wang G Y.Implementation of laser on-machine measuring system[J].Optics and Precision Engineering,2017,25(10):2668-2675 (in Chinese)
[14] 毕超,房建国,刘京亮,等.基于球形目标的激光位移传感器光束方向标定[J].光学精密工程,2015,23(3):678-685Bi C,Fang J G,Liu J L,et al.Calibration of beam direction of laser displacement sensor based on spherical target[J].Optics and Precision Engineering,2015,23(3):678-685 (in Chinese)
[15] Bi C,Liu Y,Fang J G,et al.Calibration of laser beam direction for optical coordinate measuring system[J].Measurement,2015,73:191-199
[16] 罗胜彬,宋春华,韦兴平,等.非接触测量技术发展研究综述[J].机床与液压,2013,41(23):150-153Luo S B,Song C H,Wei X P,et al.Review for the development and research of non-contact measurement technology[J].Machine Tool & Hydraulics,2013,41(23):150-153 (in Chinese)