掘进巷道火灾人员应急疏散数值模拟研究
|
摘要
为探明矿井掘进巷道火灾时人员应急疏散情况,给矿井掘进巷道内避难硐室的合理设置提供参考。通过Pyrosim火灾仿真模拟软件和Pathfinder人员疏散仿真模拟软件对矿井掘进巷道仿照真实情况分别进行建模,在Pyrosim模型中掘井巷道与联通巷交汇处高1.6 m设置8个烟雾探测器,在Pathfinder模型中设置3种不同布置的避难硐室,得出掘进巷道火灾、烟雾蔓延规律以及3种情况下人员应急疏散结果。研究发现:火灾发生后烟雾迅速在掘进巷道内蔓延开来,人员在3种情况下疏散的时间依次为232,123,55 s,比较火灾时各烟雾监测点的TASET与3种情况下相同位置的TRSET,只有情况3时避难硐室的设置才能够满足全部人员安全疏散。矿井掘进巷道避难硐室的修建要跟上掘进巷道深度的推进,且避难硐室的间距应控制在100 m以内。
To find out the emergency evacuation of digging roadway fire,we have provided reference for the layout of the refuge chamber in digging mine roadway. The model of digging roadway is established through the Pyrosim fire simulation software and Pathfinder evacuation simulation software. Eight smoke detectors were set up at digging roadway and connection roadway in Pyrosim model. Three different layout refuge chambers are set up in Pathfinder model. Our study has found that,after the fire smoke spread rapidly within the digging roadway,we have got personnel evacuation time of 232,123,55 s in three cases respectively,by comparing the TASET of fire where the smoke detectors and three cases TRSET in the same position. The only case 3 will exist when arrangement of the refuge chamber can satisfy all the personnel safety evacuation. The construction of the refuge chamber of the digging roadway shall be carried out with the advance of the depth of the roadway. The distance of the refuge chamber shall be controlled about 100 m.
To find out the emergency evacuation of digging roadway fire,we have provided reference for the layout of the refuge chamber in digging mine roadway. The model of digging roadway is established through the Pyrosim fire simulation software and Pathfinder evacuation simulation software. Eight smoke detectors were set up at digging roadway and connection roadway in Pyrosim model. Three different layout refuge chambers are set up in Pathfinder model. Our study has found that,after the fire smoke spread rapidly within the digging roadway,we have got personnel evacuation time of 232,123,55 s in three cases respectively,by comparing the TASET of fire where the smoke detectors and three cases TRSET in the same position. The only case 3 will exist when arrangement of the refuge chamber can satisfy all the personnel safety evacuation. The construction of the refuge chamber of the digging roadway shall be carried out with the advance of the depth of the roadway. The distance of the refuge chamber shall be controlled about 100 m.
引文
[1]方炳堃.湘潭锰矿内因火灾产生机理研究与防治的实践[J].中国锰业,1994,12(4):14-19.
[2]张恩强,王丽,刘名阳,等.探讨井下避灾硐室在矿井中的应用[J].煤矿安全,2009,34(7):90-92.
[3]黄运爽,刘阳,张良良.矿井采场灾害人员疏散模型及避灾硐室布置[J].煤矿安全,2017,48(6):112-115.
[4]常心坦.矿井火灾通风的模拟计算[J].煤矿安全,1991,4(4):22-29.
[5]李义杰,邬长福,高宗杰,等.矿井巷道火灾烟气流动影响因素模拟分析[J].矿业研究与开发,2017,37(2):18-21.
[6]Helbing D,Farkas I,Vicsek T.Simulating dynamical features of escape panic[J].Nature,2000(407):487-490.
[7]Helbing D,Molnar P.Social force model for pedestrian dynamics[J].Physical Review E,1995(51):4282-4286.
[8]王莉.基于Pathfinder的公共场所人员疏散行为规律及仿真模拟[J].西安科技大学学报,2017,37(3):385-364.
[9]Kevin M.Fire dynamics simulator(version 5)technical reference guide[M].NIST Special Publication,2001.
[10]马洪亮,周心权.矿井火灾燃烧特性曲线的研究与应用[J].煤炭学报,2008,33(7):780-783.
[11]GB 10000-1988中国成年人人体尺寸[S].
[12]Thompson P,Nilsson D,Boyce K,et al.Evacuation models are running out of time[J].Fire Safety Journal,2015(78):251-261.
[13]Peacock R D,Hoskins B L,Kuligowski E D.Overall and local movement speeds during fire drill evacuations in buildings up to 31stories[J],Safety Science,2012,50(8):1655-1664.
[2]张恩强,王丽,刘名阳,等.探讨井下避灾硐室在矿井中的应用[J].煤矿安全,2009,34(7):90-92.
[3]黄运爽,刘阳,张良良.矿井采场灾害人员疏散模型及避灾硐室布置[J].煤矿安全,2017,48(6):112-115.
[4]常心坦.矿井火灾通风的模拟计算[J].煤矿安全,1991,4(4):22-29.
[5]李义杰,邬长福,高宗杰,等.矿井巷道火灾烟气流动影响因素模拟分析[J].矿业研究与开发,2017,37(2):18-21.
[6]Helbing D,Farkas I,Vicsek T.Simulating dynamical features of escape panic[J].Nature,2000(407):487-490.
[7]Helbing D,Molnar P.Social force model for pedestrian dynamics[J].Physical Review E,1995(51):4282-4286.
[8]王莉.基于Pathfinder的公共场所人员疏散行为规律及仿真模拟[J].西安科技大学学报,2017,37(3):385-364.
[9]Kevin M.Fire dynamics simulator(version 5)technical reference guide[M].NIST Special Publication,2001.
[10]马洪亮,周心权.矿井火灾燃烧特性曲线的研究与应用[J].煤炭学报,2008,33(7):780-783.
[11]GB 10000-1988中国成年人人体尺寸[S].
[12]Thompson P,Nilsson D,Boyce K,et al.Evacuation models are running out of time[J].Fire Safety Journal,2015(78):251-261.
[13]Peacock R D,Hoskins B L,Kuligowski E D.Overall and local movement speeds during fire drill evacuations in buildings up to 31stories[J],Safety Science,2012,50(8):1655-1664.