曲线轨迹下前视多通道SAR解模糊成像算法
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摘要
前视合成孔径雷达(SAR)存在左右模糊问题,在直线航迹下,目标关于航线对称模糊,模糊关系不随航线变化,可利用波束形成进行全孔径解模糊处理;但在曲线航迹下,目标的模糊关系具有空变性,不能全孔径解模糊成像。针对这一问题,分析了曲线航迹下目标模糊关系的空变特性,提出一种前视多通道SAR快速后向投影子孔径处理解模糊成像算法。首先进行子孔径划分,在每个子孔径内目标的模糊关系近似不变,每个子孔径分别成像,然后通过波束形成对每幅子图像进行解模糊处理,最后融合子图像得到最终的成像结果。算法有效解决了曲线轨迹下目标模糊关系的空变性对解模糊的影响,仿真实验验证了算法的有效性。
The forward-looking Synthetic Aperture Radar(SAR)exists Doppler ambiguity.Under the straight path,since the target is symmetrical about the course,and the fuzzy relationship does not vary with the route,beam forming can be used to perform full-aperture deblurring processing.However,under the curve path,the target position is blurred.The relationship has a vacancy and cannot be fully apogematically deblurred.To solve this problem,this paper analyzes the space-variant characteristics of the target fuzzy relation,and proposes a forward-looking multi-channel SAR anti-fuzzy imaging algorithm based on FBP.First,the sub-aperture is divided.In each sub-aperture,the fuzzy relationship of the target is approximately constant.Each sub-aperture is imaged separately.Then each sub-image is deblurred by beam-forming,and finally the subimage is merged to obtain the final imaging results.The algorithm effectively solves the influence of the vacancy of the target fuzzy relation under the curve trajectory on ambiguity resolution.The simulation experiments verify the effectiveness of the algorithm.
The forward-looking Synthetic Aperture Radar(SAR)exists Doppler ambiguity.Under the straight path,since the target is symmetrical about the course,and the fuzzy relationship does not vary with the route,beam forming can be used to perform full-aperture deblurring processing.However,under the curve path,the target position is blurred.The relationship has a vacancy and cannot be fully apogematically deblurred.To solve this problem,this paper analyzes the space-variant characteristics of the target fuzzy relation,and proposes a forward-looking multi-channel SAR anti-fuzzy imaging algorithm based on FBP.First,the sub-aperture is divided.In each sub-aperture,the fuzzy relationship of the target is approximately constant.Each sub-aperture is imaged separately.Then each sub-image is deblurred by beam-forming,and finally the subimage is merged to obtain the final imaging results.The algorithm effectively solves the influence of the vacancy of the target fuzzy relation under the curve trajectory on ambiguity resolution.The simulation experiments verify the effectiveness of the algorithm.
引文
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[16]马晓峰,沈爱松,盛卫星,等.可控测角精度和范围的数字阵列单脉冲和差波束优化[J].电子与信息学报,2016,38(12):3107-3113.MA X F,SHENG A S,SHENG W X,et al.Sum and difference patterns optimization for digital array with controllable accuracy and range of angleestimation[J].Journal of Electronics&Information Technology,2016,38(12):3107-3113(in Chinese).
[17]卢景月,张磊,王冠勇,等.前视多通道合成孔径雷达解模糊成像方法[J].电子与信息学报,2018,40(12):2820-2825.LU J Y,ZHANG L,WANG G Y,et al.Ambiguity resolving and imaging algorithm for multi-channel forwardlooking synthetic aperture radar[J].Journal of Electronics&Information Technology,2018,40(12):2820-2825(in Chinese).
[18]包敏,周鹏,史林,等.双天线前视弹载SAR解模糊算法研究[J].电子与信息学报,2013,35(12):2857-2862.BAO M,ZHOU P,SHI L,et al.Study on deambiguity algorithm for double antenna forward looking missile borne SAR[J].Journal of Electronics&Information Technology,2013,35(12):2857-2862(in Chinese).
[19]黄体圣,赵民,姜利,等.固定运载器发动机内弹道设计方法研究[J].航空学报,2018,39(S1):722186.HUANG T S,ZHAO M,JIANG L,et al.Research on interior ballistic design method of solid launch vehicle motor[J].Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica,2018,39(S1):722186(in Chinese).
[20]YEGULALP A F.Fast back-projection algorithm for synthetic aperture radar[C]∥The Record of the 1999IEEERadar Conference.Piscataway,NJ:IEEE Press,1999:60-65.
[2]LI C P,HE M Y.A novel attitude steering strategy for GEO SAR staring Imaging[C]∥IEEE China Summit and International Conference on Signal and Information Processing.Piscataway,NJ:IEEE Press,2015:630-634.
[3]WARNER G,MIDDOUR W.Radar transmitter geolocation via novel observation technique and particle swarm optimization[C]∥2012IEEE Aerospace Conference.Piscataway,NJ:IEEE Press,2012:1-9.
[4]BATH W G,TRUNK G V.Radar handbook[M].New York:McGraw-Hill Companies,2008:728-735.
[5]樊会涛,闫俊.相控阵制导技术发展现状及展望[J].航空学报,2015,36(9):2807-2814.FAN H T,YAN J.Development and outlook of active electronically scanned array guidance technology[J].Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica,2015,36(9):2807-2814(in Chinese).
[6]陈琦,杨汝良.机载前视合成孔径雷达Chirp Scaling成像算法研究[J].电子与信息学报,2008,30(1):228-232.CHEN Q,YANG R L.Research of Chirp Scaling imaging algorithm for airborne forward-looking SAR[J].Journal of Electronics&Information Technology,2008,30(1):228-232(in Chinese).
[7]温晓杨,匡纲要,胡杰民,等.基于实波束扫描的相控阵雷达前视成像[J].航空学报,2014,35(7):1977-1991.WEN X Y,KUANG G Y,HU J M,et al.Forward-looking imaging based on real beam scanning phased array radars[J].Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica,2014,35(7):1977-1991(in Chinese).
[8]孟自强,李亚超,邢孟道,等.基于斜距等效的弹载双基前视SAR相位空变校正方法[J].电子与信息学报,2016,38(3):613-621.MENG Z Q,LI Y C,XING M D,et al.Phase space-variance correction method for missile-borne bistatic forwardlooking SAR based on equivalent range equation[J].Journal of Electronics&Information Technology,2016,38(3):613-621(in Chinese).
[9]REN X Z,SUN J T,YANG R L,et al.A new three-dimensional imaging algorithm for airborne forward-looking SAR[J].IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters,2011,8(1):153-157.
[10]MITTERMAYER J,WENDLER M,KRIEGER G.Data processing of an innovative forward looking SAR system for enhanced vision[C]∥European Conference on Synthetic Aperture Radar.Munich:VDE Verlag,2000:733-736.
[11]SUTOR T,BUCKREUSS S,KRIEGER G,et al.Sector imaging radar for enhanced vision:Theory and applications[C]∥European Conference on Synthetic Aperture Radar.Munich:VDE Verlag,2000:357-359.
[12]李悦丽,梁甸农,黄晓涛,等.一种单脉冲雷达多通道解卷积前视成像方法[J].信号处理,2007,23(5):699-703.LI Y L,LIANG D N,HUANG X T,et al.A multi-channel deconvolution based forward-looking imaging method in monopulse radar[J].Signal Processing,2007,23(5):699-703(in Chinese).
[13]曾操,陈昊,何学辉,等.相控阵子阵级和差多波束测角方法[J].西安电子科技大学学报,2013,40(1):19-25.ZENG C,CHEN H,HE X H,et al.Monpulse angle estimation using sun-difference multi-beamforming based on the phase array at the sub-array level[J].Journal of Xidian University,2013,40(1):19-25(in Chinese).
[14]赵珊珊,张林让,刘楠,等.利用幅度比特征进行有源假目标鉴别[J].西安电子科技大学学报,2017,44(5):51-57.ZHAO S S,ZHANG L N,LIU N,et al.Active false-target discrimination method based on the amplitude ratio feature[J].Journal of Xidian University,2017,44(5):51-57(in Chinese).
[15]韦北余,朱岱寅,吴迪,等.一种基于和差波束的机载SAR定位方法[J].电子与信息学报,2013,35(6):1464-1470.WEI B Y,ZHU D Y,WU D,et al.An airborne SAR geolocation approach based on sum-difference beam SAR imagery[J].Journal of Electrontics&Information Technology,2013,35(6):1464-1470(in Chinese).
[16]马晓峰,沈爱松,盛卫星,等.可控测角精度和范围的数字阵列单脉冲和差波束优化[J].电子与信息学报,2016,38(12):3107-3113.MA X F,SHENG A S,SHENG W X,et al.Sum and difference patterns optimization for digital array with controllable accuracy and range of angleestimation[J].Journal of Electronics&Information Technology,2016,38(12):3107-3113(in Chinese).
[17]卢景月,张磊,王冠勇,等.前视多通道合成孔径雷达解模糊成像方法[J].电子与信息学报,2018,40(12):2820-2825.LU J Y,ZHANG L,WANG G Y,et al.Ambiguity resolving and imaging algorithm for multi-channel forwardlooking synthetic aperture radar[J].Journal of Electronics&Information Technology,2018,40(12):2820-2825(in Chinese).
[18]包敏,周鹏,史林,等.双天线前视弹载SAR解模糊算法研究[J].电子与信息学报,2013,35(12):2857-2862.BAO M,ZHOU P,SHI L,et al.Study on deambiguity algorithm for double antenna forward looking missile borne SAR[J].Journal of Electronics&Information Technology,2013,35(12):2857-2862(in Chinese).
[19]黄体圣,赵民,姜利,等.固定运载器发动机内弹道设计方法研究[J].航空学报,2018,39(S1):722186.HUANG T S,ZHAO M,JIANG L,et al.Research on interior ballistic design method of solid launch vehicle motor[J].Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica,2018,39(S1):722186(in Chinese).
[20]YEGULALP A F.Fast back-projection algorithm for synthetic aperture radar[C]∥The Record of the 1999IEEERadar Conference.Piscataway,NJ:IEEE Press,1999:60-65.