城市居民国内旅游消费行为研究
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摘要
国内旅游业是衡量一个国家旅游业发达与否和国民经济发展状况的重要标志。按照世界大多数国家国际与国内旅游收入1:9的比例计算,我国的国内旅游远远低于正常水平。作为我国国内旅游的主体市场,城市居民在旅游消费层次和消费总量上都居于主体地位,但其整体消费水平仍不高。旅游行为是一种特殊的消费行为,是游憩系统组织的内在动力,可以把管理者、经营者和旅游者三者有机联系起来。因此,研究城市居民的国内旅游消费行为,对于有效地引导旅游需求、开拓我国国内旅游市场,将有一定的指导意义。
     本文以需求市场中的旅游者行为研究为切入点,在对旅游消费行为重新界定的基础上,对城市居民的国内旅游消费行为进行系统研究,以期寻求对国内旅游消费行为的普遍认识,为我国国内旅游需求的引导提供理论思考与方法支持。
     全文分6部分。
     1.综述由选题背景、国内外学术研究前沿进展、本研究主要技术手段三部分构成,在明确旅游者行为研究价值和国内外学术成就基础上分析了以经济学、市场学、地理学、心理学、社会学为主的理论与实践相结合的技术路线构成,并强调了实证研究的重要性和论文的指导意义。
     2.旅游消费行为基本理论由相关概念辨析和理论要点构成。在对两组相关概念辨析的基础上,从内外两个层面重新界定旅游消费行为。基本理论是对论文写作的理论基础的阐述,它将传统消费者行为理论和新消费理论结合共同指导旅游消费领域,力求研究的系统性。在此基础上,指出旅游消费行为应该是一个过程,它包括决策行为、空间流动行为、对旅游消费效果的评价以及在这个过程中体现出来的消费特点。
     3.城市居民国内旅游消费行为决策分析包括两个层次:第一层次为旅游消费与其它产品消费决策,第二层次为旅游目的地决策。在对城市居民两个层次的决策因素分别进行分析的基础上,选择省级区域为基本空间尺度,对济南市民的国内旅游目的地感应空间进行分析。
     4.对目的地的选择必然引起空间上的流动,城市居民国内旅游消费行为的空间分析包括出游行为空间分析技术、旅游行为空间流动模式和城市居民出游的游憩活动空间研究三个部分。在对城市居民空间流动模式分析的基础上,运用出游行为空间分析技术,结合济南市民出游行为实证研究,从大、中、小三个尺度分析其游憩活动空间,指出其空间流动行为具有四个特点:态度与行为不一致、游憩活动空间不连续性、出
    
     游空间局限性、出游时间集中性,从而指出济南市民对旅游目的地的向往未得到满足,
     为开发商提供了机遇和挑战。
     5.城市居民国内旅游消费需求分析包括旅游者消费行为模式与行为特征、城市居
     民国内旅游消费需求分析两部分。在理想化一般均衡消费分析的基础上,分析城市居
     民国内旅游消费需求数量和结构,指出我国城市居民整体旅游消费水平较低。
     6.基于上述研究成果,笔者指出旅游消费需求不足是当前制约中国国内旅游发展
    二 的最大障碍,并指出对主体市场旅游消费行为进行系统研究的重要性和必要性,认为
     应从政府(管理者)、旅游企业(经营者)和旅游者三个层面对旅游消费行为进行引导,
     并提出相应对策。
     与以往的研究有所不同,本文从内外两个维度对旅游消费行为重新界定,将传统
     消费理论与新消费理论结合,重构旅游者在微观经济活动中的理性行为,通过旅游消
     费行为系统分析,阐述相关旅游现象,研究消费量能,从而使旅游消费行为更具有市
     场意义。
     限于资料与笔者能力有限,论文存在一些不足之处,恳请各位专家学者批评指正,
     以求实现新的提升。
Domestic tourism is the important symbol which measures the development level of tourism industry and national economy in a country. According to the ratio one by nine of international and domestic tourism income in most countries, the domestic tourism in our country is much lower than normal level. As the main body of domestic tourism market in our country, its whole level is low. Tourist behavior is a special consuming behavior. It is the intrinsic impetus of tourism organized system, which combine the manager and seller with tourists. So, it is valuable we study the domestic tourism consuming behavior of urban resident, which contributes to direct tourist demand and develop domestic tourism in our country.
    On the base of redefining tourism consuming behavior, this thesis tries to make the whole theory more systematic, and to offer theory thinking and means supporting for the development of domestic tourism.
    This thesis includes six sections.
    1. The synthetic narration includes three parts: research setting, contemporary progress of the subject domestic and abroad, and techniques of this field. On the base of clearing the study value of tourist behavior and the research achievement of this field, the author analyses technical route which combines theory and practice together with help from tourism economics, tourism marketing, tourism psychology, social economics etc, and lay much emphasis on the importance of practice and the instructing meaning of paper.
    2. The theory on tourist consuming behavior includes two parts: the analysis of the concept and theory emphasis. On the base of analyzing related concepts, the author defines tourism consuming behavior again from inside and outside aspects. Basic theory expound the theory base of writing the thesis, which study tourist consumption behavior with traditional and consumer behavior theories. On the base of this analysis, the author point out that tourist consuming behavior should be a process including choosing behavior, flow behavior in space, assessment of tourist consuming effect, and consuming characters in the process.
    3. At first, the tourist behavior is a choosing behavior, which includes two parts: the study on factors which influence the choices between tourism consumption and others, and the study on decision on travel destination. On the base of analyzing the factors which influence the decision on domestic tourism of urban resident, the author analyzing the
    
    
    induction space about domestic destination of jinan city.
    4. Choosing tourism destination leads to flow in space certainly. The analysis of tourism consuming behavior of urban resident in space includes three parts: analysis methods, flow pattern, and the study on RAS. On the base of analyzing flow pattern in space, combined with the study on urban resident in jinan, the author study the RAS from three standard: large, medium, and small. The author point out the flow in space has four features: the difference between attitude and behavior, limitations in travel space, centralizing in time, then the author point out the demand to destination is not satisfied, which supply the sellers with opportunities.
    5. The study on analysis of domestic tourism consuming demand includes two parts.- the model and features of tourism consumption, and the analysis on domestic tourism consumption demand. On the base of analyzing ideal balanced consumption, the paper study domestic tourism consumption demand quantity and structure, and point out the tourism consumption ability of urban resident is very low.
    6. Considering the previous investigative work, the author bring forward that the inadequate tourism consumption demand is the main factors which restrict domestic tourism. It is important and necessary to study the tourist behavior systematically. The author point out we should direct tourist it from manager (government) seller (tourism enterprise) and tourists, and put forward a lot of advices.
    Different from the study before, this paper redefine th
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