摘要
可靠性是数据采集系统的一个重要指标,尤其是对工作在高温高湿环境中的温室无线传感器网络(WSN)测控系统来说,确保其高可靠性更为重要。WSN传感节点一般由电池供电并通过无线通讯方式收发数据,它存在能量有限和抗干扰能力弱等缺点,出现故障的可能性较高。故障诊断是保证温室测控系统WSN高可靠性的有效方法。温室测控系统WSN故障诊断必须满足在故障诊断中尽可能减少通讯代价、能耗、故障诊断算法计算量和降低“虚警率”等要求,而目前对WSN故障诊断方法的研究还主要集中于理论探索方面,尚不能很好满足这些要求,研究实用性更好的温室测控系统WSN故障诊断方法是必要的。
根据温室测控系统WSN采集到各种环境信息变化缓慢的特点,这些信息构成的时间序列和空间序列平稳性较为明显,而当故障发生时温室测控系统WSN得到的数据会产生突变,使该序列在故障点上会变得不平稳,由此对这两个序列进行分析可以确定温室测控系统WSN是否发生故障。而且由于时间序列分析方法具有建模方便、计算量小、实用性强的特点,满足温室测控系统WSN故障诊断的要求,因此本文从提高故障诊断方法实用性的角度出发,利用时间序列分析的基本理论,在理论分析、仿真和实验的基础上提出一种不需要增加通信代价和传感节点能耗的有效的温室测控系统WSN故障诊断方法,将采集到的实时环境数据,经预处理后作为诊断样本序列,当时间序列故障诊断模型发现异常时,再用空间序列故障诊断模型确定故障。
研究结果表明,一般情况下该方法可实时监控温室测控系统WSN节点的运行状态,及时、有效地发现温室测控系统WSN的异常并诊断出故障节点,提高了WSN工作的可靠性。
Reliability is an important index of the Data Acquisition System,especially to the WSN control system in greenhouse which works in the High Temperature and High Humidity environment,high reliability is more important.In general,the power supply system of sensor node in WSN is battery and the sensor node receives and transmits data through wireless communication,so it has such weaknesses as limited energy and weak anti-jamming ability, resulting in a high probability of occurring fault.Fault diagnosis is an effective method in ensuring high reliability of the WSN of Controlling System in Greenhouse.Fault diagnosis for the WSN of Controlling System in Greenhouse should try to reduce communication cost,energy consumption, the computational complexity of fault diagnosis algorithm and the false alarm rate during the fault diagnosis.However,the current researches on the fault diagnosis method of WSN mainly focus on the theory,and can not meet the above demands.Therefore,it is necessary to conduct studies on more practical fault diagnosis methods for the WSN of Controlling System in Greenhouse.
The environmental information collected by the WSN of Controlling System in Greenhouse changes slowly,so the time-series and the space-series formed by the information has an obvious stationary.When fault occurs,the data got by the WSN of Controlling System in Greenhouse will change abruptly,so the series will become unstable at the fault point accordingly.Therefore, through analyzing the time-series and the space-series,it can be known whether fault occurs. Furthermore,the time series analysis method is characteristic of easy modeling,small computational amount,and strong practicality,which can meet the demands of the fault analysis for the WSN of Controlling System in Greenhouse.From the perspective of increasing the practicality of fault analysis method,according to the basic theory of time-series analysis,on the basis of theoretical analysis,simulation and experiments,an effective fault diagnosis method for the WSN of Controlling System in Greenhouse is set up,and this method does not need more communication costs and energy consumption of sensor node.The collected real time environmental data is pre-treated as the diagnosis sample series,and when the time series analysis model becomes abnormal,the space series diagnosis model is used to determine the fault.
The results show that generally the above method can monitor the running state of the nodes of the WSN of Controlling System in Greenhouse,find out the anomaly of the WSN of Controlling System in Greenhouse and judge the fault node,thus enhancing the reliability of WSN.
引文
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