摘要
教学是一种关注人,为了人的活动,首先是学生自身发展需求的反映,其本质是人文的。信息技术的发展和应用引发了现代化教学的改革,促进了信息化教学的发展。当前信息化教学中存在诸多的问题使得新技术的应用不仅没有促进教学的发展,反而让教学迷失了方向。教师盲目地运用教学技术,甚至有让技术代替教师来教学的思想,这从根本上否定了教学是人与人之间的活动;另一方面,由于技术的强势,使得技术成为信息化教学的主要内容,然而技术的内容与育人的目的还不能结合起来,导致了教学的异化。
本文用人文的眼睛从技术的角度、教师的角度、教学的角度来审视信息化教学,从而发现一个全新的教学过程。首先阐释了人文和人文精神的概念,揭示教学的人文本质,进而论述人文、科技、教育三者之间的关系。科技是教学内容又是教学的工具,利用科技改革教学是社会发展的必然。科技的应用不可能脱离人文理性的引导,只有在人文理性的引导下科技才能造福人类,科学本身也才能健康发展。对信息化教学理论基础的分析也可以看出,信息化教学的本质仍旧是人文的。
教育教学的人文本质决定着信息化教学是一个人文活动,是传递人文精神、体验人文关怀的过程。教学过程是教师与学生互动的过程、是教师与学生共同发现知识的过程、是教师与学生情感交流的过程,而技术是实现教学的工具;教学的目的是促进学生自身的发展和完善,用技术服务于人。教学评价是教学价值取向的指导,如果教学评价看不到“人”本身的标准,那么教学将永远无法回归人文的本质。信息化和人文关怀是信息化教学最重要的特点。
最后通过对一个信息化教学案例进行分析,深入揭示信息化教学中的人文因素。
Instruction is an activity which cares about and is for human beings. At first, Instruction reflects requirements of students' self-development, whose essence is humanistic. The development and application of information technology lead to the reform of modernized instruction and promote the development of IT-based instruction.
This paper examines the IT-based instruction from the perspectives of technology, instruction, and an educator with humanity, and finds a completely new procedure of instruction. At first, interprets the concepts of humanity and humanistic spirits, which reveals the humanistic nature of instruction. Then, it discusses the relationship among humanity, technology and education. Science and technology are not only the content of instruction but the instrument. It is necessary to reform instruction with science and technology. Application of science and technology can not depart from the guide of human rationality. Only under the guidance of human rationality, can science and technology benefit human beings and can science, itself, be developed healthily. Thus, the nature of IT-based instruction is still humanistic.
Modern learning theories reveal the essence of learning from the viewpoint of development of human beings, and emphasize the subjective position of the students in learning, and focus on the development of learners' learn ability, the cultivation of emotion and attitudes and the formation of values. They also emphasize self-learning and personalized learning in terms of learning methods, which embodies respects for human beings. Modern learning theories are the theoretical foundation of realization and development of IT-based instruction. The instruction theories are improved in practice and developments of IT-based instruction and guide the development and improvement of IT-based instruction.The humanistic nature of instruction determines that IT-based instruction is a humanistic activity, which is the process of transferring humanistic spirits and experiencing humanistic care. In the process of instruction, teachers and learners can interact with each other, search for knowledge together, and have emotional communication with each other. However, technology is the instrument for implementation of instruction. The instructional aim is to promote the students' self-development and improvement. Technology should serve human beings. The instructional evaluation is the guidance of the instructional values. If the instructional evaluation can't embody the standard of a human being, instruction can never reach the essence of humanity. The primary feature of IT-based instruction lies in informatization and humanistic care.
In the end, the paper reveals the humanistic elements in IT-based instruction through analysis of a case on IT-based instruction.
引文
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