摘要
我国铁路信息系统已基本形成对整体铁路运输网的覆盖,但是随着铁路建设、信息技术和客户需求的发展,需要发生改变以适应发展。论文分别从互联网络发展、现有系统表现和企业规划实施角度分析现有信息系统的不足之处,进而得出符合我国铁路信息服务系统发展的目标描述,未来的铁路信息服务系统应该具有信息集成能力、在功能和规模上的扩展能力和客户角色表述能力。论文以我国铁路信息系统为对象,从既有线信息系统和新建客运专线的信息组织、结构形式出发,研究符合目标描述的我国铁路信息服务集成系统。
针对于遗留系统的集成问题,论文将服务科学的理念和ADS理论结合,充分利用ADS的可扩展性特点,提出了面向服务的自律分散系统的概念,完成了面向服务的自律集成体系(SOAIA)描述及其层次模型和自律服务元模型；对SOADS中服务质量确保的关键——自律服务总线(ASB),设计了自律服务总线的结构模型,并阐述了其活动流程,讨论服务总线的基础保障设施。针对所提出的SOADS系统及其实现,定义了自律集成节点和自律子系统,描述了通过AIN形成SOADS集成框架的过程；设计了消息驱动模式的自律服务导航机制。并从信息系统工程角度,给出了自律功能节点的封装和自律信息域的形成方法。SOADS的形成为本文后续研究内容提供了体系框架支持。
论文基于SOADS的概念及模型,探讨了其在算法集成领域内的拓展,通过此说明了服务集成模型的有效性。以NN集成为例,讨论利用网络中的闲散计算资源,提出了基于SOADS的神经网络集成模型,设计了模型的时序一致性的通信机制,并给出了用于实现网络中数据自律分发和结果自律收集评价的训练算法,实验验证了集成模型的泛化和分类能力。
在信息领域引入管理学领域的服务柔性概念,提出了信息服务柔性,定义了信息服务柔性能力,完成其形式化描述；提出服务信息的柔性分解策略,提出和服务柔性分解结合的信息柔性衰减域(IFDF)的概念,阐述了IFDF中的层次分布的原则、IFDF的集成模式,并说明了IFDF用于系统集成的优势。进一步以IFDF集成模式,形成了基于服务柔性分解／集成策略的SOADS系统模型,讨论柔性分解SOADS体系模型的实现技术,对系统模型的响应能力,进行仿真评估。
基于本文研究内容形成铁路信息服务柔性集成系统(RIIS),定义了用于Petri网的系统服务模型的形式化描述,以文件传输为例实现了对服务可达性和一致性验证；形成了RIIS的系统逻辑模型,以列车运行计划动态逻辑过程为例说明了模型中服务集成的逻辑过程。
为了提高服务知识库的扩展能力和进化能力,论文把本体理念及其相关技术引入到RIIS应用系统中,建立了基于IFDF的RIIS分布式知识库模型,讨论了RIIS知识库的模式和RIIS知识层次体系,进而讨论了RIIS领域本体的构造,形成范围的确定,概念术语说明,以Protege为编辑工具实现对本体类的定义及分层,从而建立RIIS系统在不同的抽象与粒度级别上的服务本体知识库,提出基于特征的服务信息本体概念,定义并完成信息特征的关系,进而完成了服务信息本体描述模型。
本论文以自律分散系统的理论与技术为基础,结合服务科学理念和本体概念,研发了具有可扩展性、集成性和客户服务性的铁路信息服务集成系统。论文最终以电务应急指挥作为RIIS的子系统为例,描述了基本文研究成果的电务应急指挥信息服务系统原型,给出了实现示例,示例系统的各方面性能都可以到的保证。
Information systems have covered the whole railway transportation field, but with the development of railway, information techniques and user requirements, railway information systems need to adapt to the development. This thesis analyzed the existing railway information systems from three aspects, such as the development of network technology, the existing systems performance, and enterprise strategy. Hence, the development objective about our national railway information system has been described, the newly information service system should have the information integrating ability, the on-line expansion ability, and user-oriented ability. This thesis, aiming at railway information system, based on the discussion about organization and structure forms of the existing railway and the Passenger-Dedicated Lines (PDL), has studied the newly railway information service integration system which is described above.
Firstly, aiming at the integration problem of legacy systems, this thesis combines the service scientific concept with ADS (Autonomous Decentralized System) theory, utilizes the expansion properties of ADS effectively, and proposes the concept of Service-Oriented ADS (SOADS). This thesis completes the description for Service-Oriented Autonomous Integration Architecture (SOAIA), and describes its hierarchy model and autonomous service meta-model. For the Autonomous Service Bus (ASB), it is the key of service quality assurance in SOADS, the thesis designs ASB structure, and describes service flow and its basic assurance facilities. In order to construct and implement SOADS, this thesis proposes the definitions about autonomous integration node and autonomous subsystem, describes the forming process of SOADS via AINs, designs autonomous navigation mechanism based on message-driven model, and gives out the system engineering mapping method of Autonomous Functional Unit (AFU) and Autonomous Information Field. SOADS provides the architecture support for the research of this thesis.
Based on the SOADS concepts and model, the thesis also discusses its application on the algorithm ensemble field. In order to utilize idle and distributed computing resources which exists on the networks, this thesis proposes NN ensemble model based on SOADS, designs the communication timeline mechanism, and gives out the training algorithm which is used to accomplish dataset allocating and result collecting autonomously, the experiment results demonstrate the model's generalization and classification ability.
Service flexibility is the concept in the field of management science, this thesis proposes the definition of information service" flexibility, defines the measurement method for information flexibility, and finishes its formal description, and then the thesis proposes the information flexibility separating strategy, and the relative Information Flexibility Descending Field (IFDF). The thesis introduces the relative technique of IFDF, such as hierarchy rule, integration mode, and the application advantage. Then, the thesis forms a new SO ADS model based on the information flexibility strategy, discusses the communication technique implemented by Content Code (CC), and discusses service request sending and result collecting by the Pull-MA and Push-MA. In order to test the system responsibility, the newly service-based model's responsibility has been compared with the server-based model via REPAST tools; the result has demonstrated its effectiveness.
In accordance with the theory and technique methods of IFDF and SOADS, Railway Information Service Flexible Integration System (RIIS) has been constructed in this thesis. The formal description of RIIS service model is finished which has been used to construct a Petri nets model, and the file transmission service standards is designed, all those can be used to test and verify semantic consistency and accessibility of a information service. In the thesis, the RIIS logic model is formed, and a dynamic logic processes example about train dispatching is given out.
In order to improve the expansion and evolution abilities of service knowledge repository, the theory and methods of ontologies has been utilized in RIIS, the thesis constructs RIIS distributed ontology repository based on IFDF, talks about the mode and hierarchy architecture of RIIS distributed ontology repository, and forms the diverse size-level service ontology repository. In order to realize the information service, this thesis proposes service information ontology based on characters, defines and finishes ontology model description.
Based on the ADS theory and technique, service science philosophy, and ontology theory, the thesis has proposed and studied the novel RIIS, the novel system's on-line expansion ability, integration ability and user-oriented can be assured. The thesis selects railway electrical emergency response service information integration system as the subsystem of RIIS, gives out the system model and implementation example based on the research results, the example's abilities can be assured.
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