摘要
随着信息化时代的来临,计算机辅助设计在水利行业中得到了广泛的应用,特别是在水利工程领域,如结构计算、设计方案优化、工程施工进度模拟、工程制图、数据传递及资源共享等。在重力坝设计过程中存在着大量重复性劳动,因此重力坝数字化系统应运而生。该系统能够实现重力坝的数字化设计,大大提高设计人员的工作效率。而编制重力坝数字化系统软件,涉及到复杂的优化算法,若采用高级语言编写这些算法,系统开发周期会大大延长,且对开发人员的技术水平提出了更高的要求。MATLAB的遗传算法工具箱,在结构优化中得到了广泛应用。如果在系统开发中能够应用这些成果,则会达到事半功倍的效果。
本文利用MATLAB提供的与VB.NET接口,采用混合编程进行重力坝数字化系统开发。文中对结构优化设计、CAD二次开发技术、重力坝数字化建模、混合编程技术等进行了深入研究,开发了重力坝数字化系统。并结合孤山湖水库混凝土重力坝的工程实例,进行了优化设计。具体内容如下：
(1)明确重力坝数字化系统的开发目标、设计原则及开发环境,对该系统的总体框架做了详细规划,并确定了系统所要实现的功能。
(2)详细介绍了结构优化设计的基本理论及CAD二次开发技术,并对重力坝进行了参数化建模,实现水工结构的模块化,对重力坝设计进行了系统开发。
(3)阐述了该系统的主要功能,其中主要包括系统登录、断面优化设计、大坝廊道设计、水工隧洞设计及其他辅助功能等。
(4)结合焦作市孤山湖水库工程实例,对系统软件进行了验证,并与原设计方案进行了对比分析。工程算例表明：基于混合编程的系统开发效率高,运行良好；采用遗传算法对水工结构进行优化设计,产生了明显的经济效益,具有较好的推广和工程应用价值。
With the advent of information age, computer-aided design has been widely applied in the water conservancy industry. Particularly in the areas of water conservancy projects, such as engineering calculations, design optimization, engineering construction progress simulation, engineering drawings, data transfer and resource sharing. The design process of gravity, there are many repetitive work, so gravity digital system came into being. The system can realize digital design of the gravity, greatly improving the efficiency of the design staff. The preparation of gravity digital system software involves a complex algorithm. If these algorithms use high-level language, the system will greatly extend the development cycle, and the skill level of developers put forward higher requirements. MATLAB Genetic Algorithm Toolbox has been widely used in structural optimization. If the system development to apply these results, it will achieve a multiplier effect.
In this paper, with resort to the interface of VB.NET provided by MATLAB, hybrid programming was used for the development of gravity digital system. Structural optimization, CAD re-development, gravity digital modeling, hybrid programming technology and so on, had been conducted the deep research in the article. On the basis, the gravity digital system had been developed.With the engineering example of Gushan Lake Reservoir concrete gravity dam, it had been optimized. Details are as follows:
1. The objectives of developing the gravity digital system, design principles and development environment were explicated. And the overall framework of the system had been done in detailed planning, which determined the function of gravity digital system.
2. The basic theory of structural optimization and the secondary development of CAD were described in detail, and parametric modeling gravity were to realize the modular hydraulic structures. In addition, the gravity designed system had been developed.
3. The main features of the system were discussed, which mainly include the system registry, optimizing the design section, the dam corridor design, hydraulic tunnel design and other auxiliary functions.
4. By combining with the example of Gushan Lake Reservoir in Jiaozuo city, the system software was validated, and the original designs were compared. The engineering example shows that the developing method of mixed programming has high efficiency and good operation. Using genetic algorithms to optimize the design of hydraulic structures can produce significant economic benefits. So, it has extensive promotional and engineering value.
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