摘要
近些年来,国内外的学者通过人体和动物实验证实了适宜的运动训练可以促进学习记忆能力,而运动促进脑高级功能机制与神经化学物质和神经活动变化有关,如适宜的运动训练可以通过影响脑内DA神经递质对学习记忆产生促进作用。运动可以促进脑高级功能机制也与神经元增值、存活、分化有关。随着分子生物学等技术的迅速发展,人们对运动影响学习记忆机制的研究已经深入到分子水平。本文对IGF-1与ERK1/2进行研究,探讨IGF-1与ERK1/2在运动促进学习记忆过程中的作用和相互关系。
实验选用健康雄性SD大鼠20只,随机分为安静对照组(C组,n=10)和运动实验组(T组,n=10),C组正常饲养,T组进行为期八周的跑台训练。七周之后,用Morris水迷宫对两组动物进行为期5天的定位航行实验测试大鼠学习能力;第6天开始用Morris水迷宫对两组动物进行空间探索实验测试大鼠记忆能力;第7天断髓处死取大鼠海马组织。用RT-PCR法检测两组大鼠海马IGF-1的基因表达水平;用Westernblot法检测两组大鼠海马ERK1/2的蛋白表达水平。
研究结果如下:
(1)通过Morris水迷宫测试发现,八周有氧跑台运动训练可促进大鼠空间学习和记忆能力。
(2)八周的跑台训练,T组大鼠比C组大鼠海马内IGF-1的基因表达水平明显增加,具有极显著性差异(上调了366.07%,p＜0.01);提示适宜的运动训练可能通过提高IGF-1的基因表达水平对学习记忆能力起到促进作用。
(3)八周跑台训练之后,T组大鼠比C组大鼠海马内p-ERK1/2蛋白表达含量明显增加,其中p-ERK1具有极显著性差异(上调46%,p＜0.01),p-ERK2具有显著性差异(上调23%,p＜0.05);提示适宜的运动训练可能通过提高p-ERK1/2蛋白表达水平对学习记忆能力起到促进作用。
结论:八周有氧跑台运动训练可以提高大鼠空间学习记忆能力,同时上调了大鼠海马IGF-1mRNA的表达水平和p-ERK1/2蛋白质的表达水平。有氧跑台训练提高大鼠学习记忆能力的机制可能与海马IGF-1mRNA的表达和ERK1/2蛋白质的表达增加有关。
In recent years,scholars at home and abroad through human and animal experiments confirm the suitability of the exercise can promote the learning and memory capacity,and brain senior function and neural mechanisms are related with chemical substances and changes in neural activity,such as appropriate exercise can improve the brain neurotransmitter DA to promote learning and memory.Promoting brain senior function and neuronal mechanisms are related with Value-added,survival,differentiation.With technologies of molecular biology is developing rapidly,the study of learning and memory of mechanisms have been deep into the molecular level.This study has to discuss the function of IGF-1 and ERK1/2 in the exercise-induced enhancing of learning and memory.
20 select male SD rats are divided randomly into two groups:control group (C,n=10)and exercise trained group(T,n=10),C group of normal feeding,and the rats of exercise trained group take part in treadmill training for 8 weeks. After 7 weeks training,the rats of the two groups participate in 5 days test of Morris water maze of the learning.The rats of the two groups participate in 6th day test of Morris water maze of the memory.The rats of the T and C group are immediately decollated after 24 hours of the last training.The expression level of IGF-1mRNA of the rats are inspected by RT-PCR;The expression level of p-ERK1/2 protein of the rats are inspected by Western blot.
The results are as follows:
(1) Through the Morris water maze test revealed that the 8 week treadmill training can promote spatial learning and memory.
(2) Through 8 weeks of treadmill training,T than the C group of rats with hippocampal IGF-1mRNA were significantly increased,with a very significant difference(up 366.07%,p＜0.01);The results shown that treadmill training could improve the ability of learning and memory of the rats through increasing the expression level of IGF-1mRNA.
(3) Through 8 weeks after the treadmill training,T than the C group of rats with hippocampal p-ERK1/2 protein expression was significantly increased,with p-ERK1 has a significant difference(increase of 46%,p＜0.01),with p-ERK2 significant difference(increase of 23%,p＜0.05).The results shown that treadmill training could improve the ability of learning and memory of the rats through increasing p-ERK1/2 protein expression level.
Conclusion:8 weeks treadmill training can improve spatial learning ability of rats,at the same time increase the rat hippocampus the expression of IGF-1mRNA level and p-ERK1/2 protein expression level.Treadmill training to improve learning and memory in rats may be related to hippocampal IGF-1mRNA expression and ERK1/2 protein expression increased.
引文
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