摘要
波纹钢板涵是一种受力性能良好的柔性结构,在国外已被广泛应用,但在国内应用较晚,还未形成相关生产标准和结构设计、施工规范。论文以波纹钢低拱涵为研究对象,采用有限元数值模拟方法对波纹钢板涵的受力性能进行研究,并根据国外相关研究成果进行了结构设计、施工及养护方法的总结。
论文分析了波纹钢板涵的特点,构造以及应用范围。考虑结构—土的共同作用,运用有限元软件ANSYS建立了钢—土共结点的波纹钢低拱涵有限元模型,计算分析了波纹钢低拱涵在不同荷载作用下的力学特征,研究了填土高度、钢板厚度、土壤参数以及结构几何尺寸等因素对波纹钢低拱涵的受力性能的影响,对比分析了美国AISI和加拿大CHBDC两种结构设计方法。结果表明:①波纹钢低拱涵的应力从拱顶至拱腰逐渐增大,拱腰应力最大,拱脚应力最小,拱肩、拱腰、拱脚处截面波峰、波谷节点应力曲线近似波纹形状,波谷应力较大,波峰应力较小。②与混凝土低拱涵相比,波纹钢低拱涵周围土体受力较大,且周围土应力分布更均匀。③两侧填土过程中拱顶、拱肩处变形很大,挠度与最大等效应力随钢板厚度的增加呈对数关系减小,减小回填土与结构的相对刚度或者增大回填土密度,则挠度和最大等效应力都增大。④在填土高度与结构跨度之比一定时,结构的水平等代直径与竖直等代直径之比越小,土-结构的相互作用越明显。⑤AISI简单,但没有充分考虑钢-土的相互作用和几何尺寸对波纹钢板涵受力性能的影响,CHBDC方法综合考虑了各种设计控制因素,更能准确的计算结构压力和应力。
The corrugated steel plate culvert is a flexible structure which has been applied widely abroad, but it is applied late in China and there are no code for design and construction. So, based on the corrugated steel low arch culvert, the paper studies the mechanics behavior of the corrugated steel plate culvert by making use of the finite element method. Further more, the paper summaries construction technique, inspection and maintenance of corrugated structural plate culvert based on foreign research.
The paper analyses the character and the application scope of corrugated steel plate culvert; based on the principle of interaction between the structure and soil, the finite element model of the corrugated steel low arch culvert which has common joints is established by ANSYS and the mechanics behavior of corrugated steel low arch culvert in different load is attained; analyses the influence factors of the mechanics behavior of corrugated steel low arch culverts, including the height of the backfilling cover ,the thickness of the steel plate, the parameters of soil and the geometry of the structure; analyses the two common design methods including the AISI and CHBDC. The result shows:①The stress increases from crown to lumbar, and the stress of the lumbar is largest; The stress curve of the section of the crown, haunch and lumbar is corrugated and the stress of wave vale is larger than the value of wave crest.②T he soil stress around the corrugated steel plate arch culvert is larger than the concrete arch culvert, and the soil stress around the corrugated steel plate arch culvert is more uniformity.③The crown and haunch may deform seriously as side backfilling, both the deflection and the largest equivalent stress will decrease by logarithm with increasing thickness of steel wall and both the deflection and the largest equivalent stress will increase if the relative stiffness between the backfill and the steel decrease.④If the ratio between the cover and the span of the culvert is constant , it is better for the interaction between structure and soil to decrease the horizontal dimension and the vertical dimension of the culvert .⑤AISI method is simple but it doesn’t calculate the interaction between structure and soil and the influence of geometry but the CHBDC method will calculate the press of the culvert more accurately by considering all the influence factors.
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