摘要
随着我国现代化建设的迅速发展以及人民群众出行需求的不断增长,对于交通运输,除了要求便捷快速外,对交通设施的视觉感官的要求也越来越高。我国在近十几年修建了大量的高等级公路,建设了大量的各种桥梁。由于路网的不断完善和发展,各道路之间的交叉也不断增加,相应也有很多的立交桥的出现。高等级公路的设计要求中小桥的平面布置服从公路线形,因此曲线梁桥非常多,在公路及城市道路的立体交叉工程中,曲线梁桥是实现各方向交通连接的必要手段。因此曲线梁桥是现代交通工程中的一种重要桥型。
由于曲线梁桥与直线梁桥的受力特点不同,所以曲线梁桥的设计不同于直线梁桥,在分析方法上也存在较大的区别。本文以伏拉索夫薄壁结构弹性理论为基础,介绍了曲线梁桥结构特性和受力特点。并对一次超静定的曲线梁桥进行了纵向和横向分析,介绍了曲线梁桥的横向分布理论,根据刚性横梁法的计算原理得出了计算曲线梁桥荷载横向分布的一般公式,并编制了相关的计算程序。对于同一算例,分别用ANSYS仿真和程序计算的方法得出了各自的横向分布的计算结果,对这些结果进行比较分析,验证了程序的正确性和适用性。
最后以曲线梁桥的宽跨比、弯扭刚度比和圆心角等为计算参数,列出了曲线梁桥的荷载横向分布影响线的表格,进行了对比和分析,对类似的曲线梁桥的设计提供了方便,具有积极的借鉴意义。
With the rapid development of China’s modernization, the people’s demands of getting around are increasing. The people demand not only the traffic is convenient and rapid but also the visual appearance of traffic constructions getting better in recent ten years. Because of the constant improvement and development of the road network, the crosses between roads are also increasing, so there are many cross-bridges. The design of expressway requests that the layout of middling bridges and small bridges on expressway. For the crosses of highway and urban road, the curved bridges are necessary to connect the traffic directions. Therefore the curved bridges are important in modern traffic engineering.
Because of the different mechanics characteristics between the curved bridges and the straight bridges, so the design and the analysis methods of the curved bridges are different from the straight bridges. The study is based on the flexibility theory of the thin structures and the writer introduces the character of the curved beam bridges. Then the writer analyses the curved beam bridges whose degree of redundancy is one and calculates the spring constant of the load lateral distribution. According to the rigid-crossbeam method, the writer calculates the formula that applies to the curved bridges and programs it. There are two different methods that can calculate transverse distribution, one is the program and the other is emulator. The writer comes to a conclusion that the program is usable after analyzing the result.
Finally, the writer makes a chart of transverse distribution by defining the correlative constants. This article is well helpful to the design of the similar curved beam bridges.
引文
[1]郑振飞,吴庆雄.斜弯桥跨分析的广义梁格法(第一版).北京:人民交通出版社,1998
[2]黄剑源,程达钧.薄壁结构的扭转分析――曲线梁与斜支箱形梁(第一版).北京:中国铁道出版社,1998
[3]吴西伦.弯梁桥设计.北京:人民交通出版社,1990
[4] Chang.S.T.Computation of the Influence Lines for Lateral Load Distribution in Straigt, Skew and Horizontal Curved Bridges. Advances in structural Engineering Vol.2 No.1.1998
[5]孙广华.曲线梁桥计算(第一版).北京:人民交通出版社,1995
[6]邵容光,夏淦.混凝土弯梁桥.北京:人民交通出版社,1996
[7]姚玲森.曲线梁(第一版).北京:人民交通出版社,1989
[8]范立础,徐光辉.桥梁工程(第一版).北京:人民交通出版社,2001
[9]贺栓海,谢仁物.公路桥梁荷载横向分布计算方法(第一版).北京:人民交通出版社,1996
[10]项海帆,姚玲森.高等桥梁结构理论(第一版).北京:人民交通出版社,2001
[11]龚曙光,谢桂兰. ANSYS操作命令与参数化编程(第一版).北京:机械工业出版社,2004
[12]张立明. Algor、Ansys在桥梁工程中的应用方法与实例(第一版).北京:人民交通出版社,2003
[13]龙驭球,包世华.结构力学教程(第一版).北京:高等教育出版社,1988
[14]孙训方,方孝淑,关来泰.材料力学(第三版).北京:高等教育出版社,1994
[15] T.I.Campbell.Design Consideration in Horizontally-Curved prestressed Concrete Bridge Structures. International Conference on Short and Medium Spa Bridges Toronto, 1982. 135-143
[16] T.I.Campell and L.Chitnuyanondh. Horizontally Curved Continuous Post-tensioned Concrete Beams. PCI journal, 1975(3): 45-52
[17]李惠生,张罗溪.曲线梁桥结构分析.北京:中国铁道出版社,1992
[18]刑志成.弯斜桥计算理论与实用计算(第一版).北京:人民交通出版社,1994
[19]郑振飞,徐艳.非径向支承弯梁桥的计算方法(第一版).北京:人民交通出版社,2000
[20] Christian Menn. Prestressing of Curved Bridge. Analysis and Design of Bridges. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 1984(1): 26-30
[21] E.C.Hambly.桥梁上部构造性能(第一版).郭文辉译.北京:人民交通出版社,1982
[22]范立础.预应力混凝土连续梁桥(第一版).北京:人民交通出版社,2001
[23] V.Z. Vlasov. Thin-Walled Elastic Beam. Washington, D.C. National Science Foundation, 1961
[24]叶先磊,史亚杰. ANSYS工程分析软件的应用实例(第一版).北京:清华大学出版社,2003
[25]姚铃森.平面曲线连续梁桥支承方式对内力的影响中国土木工程学会第五届年会暨第二届全国城市桥梁学术会议论文集.天津:天津大学出版社,1990. 149-156
[26] L.G.Jaeger, The Grillage Analogy in Bridge Analysis,Canadian Civ.Engng.(3).9.1982
[27]张永辉.浅谈曲线梁桥设计要点.国防交通工程与技术, 2005(2):32-34
[28]姜海丽,苏辉,赵伟.曲线梁桥的设计.黑龙江水利科技, 2006,34(3):85-86
[29]罗旗帜,刘喜元,黄君毅等.斜交平面曲线梁桥荷载横向分布研究.广东公路交通, 2002,(76):37-40
[30]徐艳,郑振飞.等刚度法在曲线梁桥荷载横向分布计算中的应用.福州大学学报, 1999(5)
[31]程翔云,李新平.多格室曲线板桥荷载横向分布的简化分析.中国公路学报,1989(3)
[32] Campbell,I.I. & Chithyanonodh L.Horizontal-curved Continuous post-tensioned Concrete beams.P.C.I.Vol.20 No.2.1975
[33]梁长海,杨成斌.支座布置对预应力混凝土曲线梁桥内力的影响的研究.工程建设与档案, 2005,19(5):393-396
[34]林泉.预应力混凝土弯桥的空间受力特性分析研究: [硕士学位论文].杭州:浙江大学,2006
[35]任亚.基于弯扭耦合的预应力砼曲线梁桥设计: [硕士学位论文].武汉:华中科技大学,2006
[36]赵巧燕.多跨混凝土弯梁桥若干问题研究: [硕士学位论文].北京:北京工业大学,2006
[37]高岛春生.曲线梁桥.张德礼译.中国建筑工业出版社,1979
[38] Goldberg J.K.Love H.L. Theory of the Prismatic Folded Plate Structures. IABSE, 1957, 17
[39] BatheK .J. Finite Element Procedure in Engineering Analysis. New York: 1982(6)
[40]谭浩强,田淑清. FORTRAN语言――FORTRAN77结构化程序设计(第一版).北京:清华大学出版社,1990
[41] Sawko.A.Computer Analysis of Grillages Curved in plan. Publications. IABSE, 1967, 27
[42] Clough R.W. The Finite Element Method in plane stress analysis. Proceedings of 2nd ASCE Conference on Electronic Computation, Pittsburgh, Pa. September 8 and 9, 1960
[43] William Weaver,Jr Jamesan dM .Gere," Matrix Analysis of Framed S truc-tures". Third Edition, New York, 1990
[44] S.T.Mauand Thomas T .C .Hsu. Formula for shear strength of Deep beams. ACI American Concrete Institute, 1989(9): 34-38