摘要
微生态制剂作为一种新型的饲料添加剂,有着替代抗生素的趋势,它具有调节微生态平衡、增强动物机体免疫防御机能、促进动物健康生长的作用等众多的作用和优点。本课题通过饲养试验、微生物试验、生理生化试验,重点研究了通过对妊娠及其产后哺乳期母猪饲喂解淀粉芽孢杆菌,来观察其对母猪微生态的影响以及对初生仔猪微生态及其生长性能和健康状况的影响,本试验采用镜检检测的方法对妊娠及其哺乳期母猪肠道菌群、初生仔猪肠道菌种进行了测定,同时通过气相设备及其方法检测了不同阶段妊娠母猪及其初生仔猪短链脂肪酸的含量,最后进行了解淀粉芽孢杆菌生长优化试验,得到了一个适宜解淀粉芽孢杆菌生长的培养条件。试验结论如下：
1.在妊娠母猪产前十天至仔猪断奶期间在母猪饲料中添加解淀粉芽孢杆菌107cfu/mL可以改变母猪肠道微生态体系,通过母猪微生态的影响可以改变仔猪微生态体系并帮助初生仔猪建立其肠道微生态体系,同时可以提高仔猪生长性能(P<0.05)。
2.在妊娠母猪产前十天至仔猪断奶期间在母猪饲料中添加解淀粉芽孢杆菌107cfu/mL可以增加妊娠母猪短链脂肪酸(SCFA) (P<0.05)的产生,同时可以增加初生仔猪短链脂肪酸(SCFA)的产生(P<0.01),而且仔猪年龄越小,效果越明显。
3.芽孢杆菌最佳培养条件：培养基0.5%NaCl、0.2%MgSO4+0.2%KH2PO4、2%豆粕粉、2%淀粉、3%葡萄糖、1%玉米浆,培养温度为35℃,接种量为2%,pH 7.3。
Probiotics, as a new feed additive, possess the trend of alternative antibiotics, which can regulate the micro-ecological balance, and enhance immune defense function of animals, promote animals'health growth, and many other effects and benefits. This topic through feeding trials, microbial testing, a variety of physiological and biochemical tests, focus on the probiotics maternal microflora by feeding of pregnant sows on the primary source of small pigs and the growth performance of microbial influence on the newborn piglet, detect the intestinal flora of pregnant sows and their newborn piglets with microscopic examination, detect short-chain fatty acids of the different stages of gestation sows and newborn piglets by gas equipment and its method, and explore the effect on the growth performance and health status of newborn piglets, and finally test on the optimization of Bacillus growth and obtain an adaptation culture conditions for the growth of Bacillus. The results are as follows:
1. During prenatal ten days of pregnant sows and weaning period, adding Bacillus to pregnant sows dietary has a beneficial effect on changing intestinal micro-ecosystem of pregnant sows and helping establish gut microflora system of piglets. It has an significantly improvement on the growth performance of piglets (P<0.05).
2. During prenatal ten days of pregnant sows and weaning period, adding Bacillus to pregnant sows dietary can increase the production of short chain fatty acids in pregnant sow(SCFA) (P<0.05), and can increase the production of short-chain fatty acids in newborn piglets (SCFA) (P<0.01), and the younger the pigs, the more obvious the effect.
3.Optimal culture conditions of Bacillus:medium 0.5% NaCl, 0.2%MgSO4+0.2%KH2PO4,2% soybean meal,2% starch,3% glucose,1% corn steep liquor, temperature 35℃, inoculums 2%, pH 7.3.
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