摘要
导弹天线罩要在复杂的外部环境下保证飞行器中天线和雷达的正常工作,在导弹飞行过程中起着至关重要的作用。天线罩他不仅要满足气动外形和透波性的要求,还要承受气动载荷的作用,所以要满足强度和刚度的要求。
首先,本文运用有限元法对亚声速飞行条件下不同形线、不同攻角、不同马赫数下的天线罩的外流场进行了计算,对是否有整个弹身弹翼的天线罩的外流场也进行了分析。得到了天线罩外流场马赫数、表面压力等物理量分布,并对天线罩表面气动力分布进行了分析和比较,得到了气动力分布的规律。着重计算了椭球体外形天线罩的压强分布,为进行结构计算提供了依据。
其次,采用解析法对亚声速夹层复合材料天线罩的正应力和剪应力进行了理论计算。使用流固耦合的数值方法,对流体场和固体场同时建模进行计算,得到了天线罩在气动载荷作用下的应力结果。将解析法和数值法的结果进行了比较。对天线罩的蒙皮和夹心层应力分布规律进行了分析,并采用最大应力准则对蒙皮和夹心层的强度进行了校核,得到了天线罩的强度的安全系数。对天线罩的稳定性进行分析,计算出了稳定性安全系数。通过强度和稳定性安全系数的对比推测出天线罩的破坏形式。
对玻璃纤维增强环氧树脂夹层结构天线罩的铺层进行了优化。对[0m/±αn/90m]铺层的蒙皮铺层角度和厚度分配的优化结果表明：仅采用±α铺层,且当α取值为22.8°时,本文所述亚声速椭球形天线罩可以达到最佳的稳定性。
Missile radome must ensure the antenna and the radar work normally in serious external environment. It plays an important part in the flight of the missile. It must withstand the aerodynamical loads as well as meet the electric and aerodynamical requirement.So it must have enough strength and stability.
Firstly, the flow fields of radomes of different profiles, different attack angles and different mach numbers are calculated with finite element method. So does the flow fields of radomes with whole body and wing or not. The distributions of the physical quantities in the external flow field such as Mach number and pressure are obtained. The distributions of pressure are analyzed and compared, and the distributions regularity is obtained. The pressure distribution of oval-curved radome is computed intendedly for structural calculation.
Secondly, the normal stresses and the shear stresses of the subsonic composite radome are calculated with analytic method in theory. Then fluid field and structure field are built together and calculated with fluid-solid interaction numerical method. Stresses are obtained and compared with the analytic method result. The stress distributions regularity of the skins and foam are summarized. The strength is checked with the maximum-stress criterion and safety coefficient is obtained. The stability is checked and stability coefficient is got. Failure mode is obtained after comparing the stability coefficient with the safety coefficient.
Layers of radome with glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin and foam core sandwich is optimized. The angle and thickness optimization of the[Om/±an/90m] laminate indicates that using±αorientation and the a being the value 22.8°, will make the subsonic oval curved radome most stabile.
引文
[1]敖辽辉.天线罩技术的发展.电讯技术,200040(2)：14-15
[2]王笃样.宽带改型B夹层天线罩罩壁结构.电子科学刊.1994,16(3)：232-237
[3]张璐,机载天线罩分析和设计的研究.西北工业大学硕士论文.2001：1-2
[4]彭望泽.防空导弹天线罩.北京：北京宇航出版社,1993.104-107
[5]齐共金,张长瑞,土思青,胡海峰,曹峰.高超音速导弹天线罩关键技术.导弹与航天运载技.2005,274(1)：30-33
[6]张谟杰.俄罗斯导弹天线罩研制情况介绍—赴俄罗斯考察报告.制导与引信.1998,1：16-18
[7]钱会强.金洙吉.天线罩电厚度测量设备的多轴控制系统研制.大连理工大学硕士学位论文.2005：1-4
[8]张谟杰.超音速导弹天线罩及其设计.制导与引信,2000,21(1)：1-6
[9]校金友,张铎.导弹气动特性与载荷计算.弹箭与制导学.2004,24(2)：62-77
[10]椿荫等.导弹空气动力特性分析与计算.宇航出版社,1976：66-87
[11]严恒元.飞行器气动特性分析与工程计算.西安：西北工业大学出版社.1990.78-141
[12]吕国鑫.飞航导弹气动设计.北京：宇航出版社,1989：43-57
[13]成楚之.火箭与导弹的静动载荷设计.北京：宇航出版社,1994：55-84
[14]葛金玉等.有翼导弹结构设计原理.北京：国防工业出版社,1988：65-142
[15]刘伟.机动弹头高超声速流场数值模拟及拓扑结构分析.应用力学学报.2004,21(1)：110-112
[16]Itaru Hataue.Computational study of the transonic flow around a rock-et-shaped body. Department of Applied Physics, University of Tokyo, Japan 2003.
[17]R.M. Lloyd, J.L. Sebeny. Novel penetrator study for defeat of ballistic missile payloads.Raytheon Integrated Defense Systems,50 Apple Hill Drive, Tewksbury, MA 01876, USA.2008
[18]Wenjie Shiu, Frederic Victor Donze, Laurent Daudeville.Penetration p rediction of missiles with different nose shapes by the discrete element numerical approach,Joseph Fourier University, Soils Solids Structures Laboratory, France.2008
[19]和争春,何开锋,朱国林.机动弹头气动布局的一种新思路.空气动力学学报.2008,26(2)：246-248
[20]Jinsong Huang, Guangwu Zeng. Finite-element strength and stability analysis and experimental studies of a submarine launched missile's composite dome, Wuhan:Department of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, HUST,
[2l]黄劲松,魏东,曾广武.复合材料整流罩结构的稳定性分析.华中理工大学学报,1998,26：37-40
[22]李国平.导弹天线罩的静热强度及其试验.上海：上海航天局八0二所,1994
[23]Robin L.Cravey. Complex Permittivities of Candidate Radome Materias at W-band. Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia, May,1997
[24]R.U.Nairl and R.M. Jhal.Novel A-sandwich radome design for airborn eapplications. ctronics Letters.19,July,2007,Volume 43, Issue 15:787-789
[25]JL Bail.Non-Destructive Investigation & FEA Correlation on an Aircra-ft Sandwich Composite Structure.Earth and Space,2008
[26]Vinasitham by Ragavan, Amde M. Amde, Nonliner Stability Of Ringst-iffened Prestressed Domes, Journal Of Structure Engineering.July,2000, 84:24-36
[27]HARRYJEAN-MARIE, O'MEARA, RICHARD.D glass-a new low diel-ectric glass fiber available in the USA[R].International SAMPE Sympo-sium and Exhibition(Proceedings),1993,38(2):833-844.
[28]Proc.SPIE. Material requirements for microwave antenna into aircraft skins.14,January,2005,24:45-84
[29]张煜东,苏勋家,侯根良.高温透波材料研究现状和展望.飞航导弹.2006,3：56-58
[30]G.MAROM, H.HAREL. Fatigue behaviour and rate-dependent properties of aramid fibre/carbon fibre hybrid composites.Composites,1989,20(6): 537-544.
[31]郭笑坤,殷立新,詹茂盛.低介质损耗雷达罩用复合材料的研究进展.高科技纤维与应用.2003,28(6)：29-33
[32]H.HAREL, J.ARONHIME. Rate-dependent fatigue of aramid-fibre/carbo n-fibre hybrids. Journal of Materials Science,1990,25(2B):1313-1317.
[33]石毓铁,梁国正,兰立文.树脂基复合材料在导弹雷达天线罩中的应用.材料工程.2003,5：36-39
[34]宋银锁,高速战术导弹天线罩材料综述.航空兵器.2003,1：42-44
[35]王蜀谦.高速飞行器的有机天线罩材料.贵州：航空航天部3534厂,1989,5：40-46
[36]Walton. Radome engineering handbook. New York,1970,42:26-94
[37]张谟杰.天线罩外形形线对天线罩性能的影响.上海航天.1996,1：30-33
[38]彭硕.高温树脂基复合材料防护涂层研究现状.高校理科研究.2007,25
[39]BM Nasir. Radome materials, fabrication, design with applications and theory, and frequency selective surface techniques. London, UK,24 Oct.1996
[40]艾远群.超音速大入射角流线型玻璃钢天线罩.北京航天三院三部,1985
[41]卢斌,封颖,潜用天线罩的强度计算及有限元分析.2005年机械电子学术会议论文集.2005：188-194
[42]张乐.有限元法设计引信天线罩.制导与引信.2002,23(4)：22-27
[43]王荣国.大型截球形FRP地面雷达天线罩的有限元计算.哈尔滨：纤维复合材料.1993,3(30)：30-37
[44]P.l.overfelt超越椭球体：一族新的天线罩外形.制导与引信.1996,2：44-49
[45]娄涛,高原文.基于ANSYS的流固耦合问题数值模拟.兰州大学硕士学位论文.2008.5：1-7
[46]苏波,袁行飞,聂国隽,钱若军.流固耦合理论研究述评(1).第七届全国现代结构工程学术研讨会.2007,703-708
[47]郝继光,姜毅,刘琦.导弹头部气动加热的流固耦合数值模拟.弹箭与制导学报.2006,26(4)：230-232
[48]程载斌,刘玉标,刘兆,中仲翰.导弹水下潜射过程的流体—固体耦合仿真.兵工学报.2008,29(2)：178-183
[49]Satoru Yamamoto, "Preconditioning method for condensate fluid and soli-d coupling problems in general curvilinear coordinates",Department of Computer and Mathematical Sciences.Tohoku University, Aramaki Aza-Aoba01, Sendai 980-8579, Japan,2005
[50]A. Bonnardot, R. Hassani, E. Tric. "Numerical modelling of lithosphere-asthenosphere interaction in a subduction zone". a Laboratoire Geosciences Azur, CNRS, Universite de Nice Sophia-Antipolis,250 rue Albert Einstein, 06560 Valbonne, France; b Laboratoire de Geophysique Interne et Tectonophysique, CNRS, Universite de Savoie,73376 Le Bourget du Lac, France,2008
[51]郑本有.贾影.基于ANSYS的数值风洞模拟初探.北京交通大学硕士学位论文.2008：1-6
[52]刘建杰.戴振东.朱强.雷达型导弹天线罩静热强度有限元计算与分析.航空兵器.2004,l：30-33
[53]Walton J D. Radome Engineering Handbook. New York,1970:16-94
[54]张谟杰.导弹天线罩的结构可靠性.制导与引信.2006,27：45-46
[55]王永志.向锦武.复合材料机载天线罩有限元内力计算和屈曲稳定性分析.强度与环境.2006,33(1)：18-25
[56]朱全忠.反舰导弹天线罩设计的几个主要问题.制导与引信.1997,2：18-25
[57]McGrath, D.T. Extension of the Periodic Hybrid Finite Element Dielectrics. USAF Research Laboratory, Kirtland AFB, NM, Mar 1988, Method for External Stratified.AFRL-DE-PS-TR-1998-1017.
[58]McGrath, D.T. and V.P. Pyati, "Phased Array Antenna Analysis with the Hybrid Finite Element Method," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, AP-42, pp.1625-1630, Dec.1994
[59]Herd, J. and J. D' Angelo. "Efficient Modeling of Complex Three Dimensional Antenna Elements in Finite Arrays," Digest, IEEE AP International Symposium, Altanta, GA, pp.768-771.1998
[60]姜勇刚,张长瑞,曹峰,胡海峰,王思青,齐共金.宽频天线罩结构设计及制备及工艺进展.材料导报.2006,20(8)：1-4
[61]宋银锁.复合材料天线罩的各向异性问题研究.航空兵器.1992,3：13-19