摘要
本论文以英国和美国的情况为例，试图总结和归纳出当前基础教育中公民教育课程改革和发展中的一般趋势和典型特征，为我国的课程改革提出一些建设性的参考意见。
论文首先澄清了“公民”、“公民资质”、“公民教育”和“公民教育课程”四个概念，区分了公民教育与道德教育、政治教育在概念和内涵上的差别，并且提供了分析学校公民教育课程的框架，以确保进一步研究不会因为在概念理解上的差异而造成不必要的误会。
在此基础上，论文以美国和英国相应的课程标准为例，开展了对于公民教育课程实施模式的研究。在这一部分中，笔者介绍了两国的公民教育课程体现在课程标准中的目标、内容和实施方法，并且从中归纳分析出目前公民教育课程在这三方面的基本特征。
论文的第三部分介绍了美国的社会科，作为实施公民教育课程的主要学科的情况。论文以美国四大教科书出版公司所出版的社会科教科书为例，分析这些教科书在内容组织和编写设计方面的突出特点，并对“学校”和“生活在我们的国家中”两个单元进行了案例研究。
论文的最后一部分是对我国公民教育课程实施的历史和现状的分析。论文通过分析最新的《品德与社会》课程纲要和由辽海出版社出版的《品德与社会》教科书，介绍了当前我国公民教育课程改革的突出举措，以及在实践中存在的一些问题。在此基础上，结合之前研究得到的美英两国的有益经验，笔者对当前我国公民教育课程实践中的问题提出了的改进意见：首先应该明确“公民”所应该具备的素质；其次必须在对“公民教育课程”的定义上取得共识，并在基础教育课程中确保其中心地位；第三要加强对有效教学方法的理论和实践研究；第四要加强对于教师的培训和培养；最后要重视学校隐性课程的重要作用。
This thesis is to conclude the trend and characteristics of the reform & development of citizenship education in current fundamental education by case study of England and American counterparts; also, I propose some constructive suggestions for the curriculum reform in China.
First of all, I clarify the concepts of " citizen", "citizenship", "citizenship education" and "citizenship education curriculum", which helps to not only distinguish citizenship education, moral education, and political education, but also provide the framework for analyzing citizenship education curriculum. By doing so, the research avoids possible confusion caused by different understanding of above concepts.
After that, in the second part, I begin the research of citizenship education curriculum models by case study of corresponding standards in England and America. In this part, I show the Goal, Content, Implementation of the citizenship education curriculum which are embodied in the standards, then, I conclude the elementary characteristics of them.
The third part of the thesis describes how America takes the social studies as the major subject in implementing citizenship education curriculum. I focus on the textbooks on social studies published by four major textbook publishers in America, and analyze the characteristics of the content organization and editing design in those textbooks. Finally, I do the case study in the following two units: "School" and "Live in our country".
The last part of the thesis is the analysis of history and current situation of citizenship education curriculum implementation in China. By analyzing the latest 'Morality and society' standard and a textbook published by "Liaohai Publisher", I describe some policies of citizenship education curriculum reform in China and the problems, also, I propose the suggestions on how to improve it:
1. first we should clarify what are the necessary qualifications that a citizen should have;
2. secondly, we should define the "citizenship education curriculum" , and assure its pivotal role in the fundamental education;
3. also, we should strengthen the research on effective pedagogical methods both in theory and practice;
4. we should strengthen the training of the teachers;
5. finally, we should also pay attention to the role of hidden curriculum in the school.
引文
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