摘要
时间间隔测量仪是弹丸、弹药参数性能测试技术的核心技术之一,是衡量常规枪炮及弹丸弹药等武器性能的重要探测手段。本文的目的就是设计一种基于神经网络的时间间隔测量仪,利用神经网络技术对测试数据进行数据的再次加工及分析,进而提高了测试数据的可靠性和测量精度。
本课题的主要工作内容包含以下两个部分：终端测试仪器的设计、基于神经网络下的软件的设计与编程。终端测试仪器主要完成弹丸飞行时间间隔的测量及数据的通信,其设计主要包括信号预处理模块、计数程序模块、数据总线控制器、锁存器、电源模块、时钟模块、通信模块,显示模块与键盘模块设计。其中信号预处理模块设计、计数程序模块设计和通信模块设计是终端测试仪器的核心环节,在信号的时间间隔的测量中应用CPLD器件来完成,有利于电路达到小型化,也进一步提高系统的可靠性、灵活性和反应速度；在通信模块的设计中采用单片机来完成,可以进一步提高整个测试系统的智能化；在神经网络的实现及上位机软件的设计中利用VC++6.0来完成,主要实现了神经网络的权值产生模块、激励函数模块、前向模块、输出层误差模块、隐含层误差模块和权值调整模块的设计,还实现了数据的存储、数据的实时显示、报表打印、图像显示功能,软件的设计解决了测试过程中繁琐的手工计算过程,提高了测量仪的测试效率。
通过现场测试实验,应用结果表明,该方法能够高效的、准确的对误测数据进行识别,测量精度达到10ns,系统工作可靠、人机界面友好、操作方便。
The time interval measurement instrument is one of the major techniques of testing bullet, ammunition and other weapons performance parameters. It is an important means of detecting conventional weapons, such as guns, bullet and ammunition. The purpose of the paper is to design the time interval measurement instrument which is in view of the neural network to re-processing, analysis, the reliability and precision of testing bullet has been improved.
The main contents of the paper are mainly consists of the terminal test equipment, the software's design which is based on neural network and programming. The flight time interval measurement and data communication are mainly completed by terminal test equipment which includes signal pre-processing module, counting program modules, data bus controller, latch, power module, clock module, communication module, display module arid the keyboard module design, in which the design of the signal's pre-processing module, module and the counting process communication module are the core parts. In the measurement of the signal's time interval, the CPLD device has the function of making for the circuit to achieve miniaturization and further improving the system's reliability, flexibility and speed of response; microcontroller has the function of enhancing the whole test system intelligently in the communication module; neural network and PC software are complied by VC++6.0.The software carry out the design of six modules, such as the neural network's weight creating, excitation function, forward, the output layer error, hidden error and weight adjustment, but also it mainly achieve data storage, real-time display of data, report printing, image display function. Meanwhile, with the help of the software, the tedious manual calculation could be solved and the test efficiency of the measurement instrument could be improved during the testing.
Finally, by way of the on-site testing, the results show that the method can be identified efficiently and precisely,the measure accuracy can reach to 10ns, system can work reliably and a friendly man-machine interface,operate conveniently.
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