基于能值分析的环太湖城市群生态经济系统可持续发展研究
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摘要
采用能值理论与分析方法,研究2015年环太湖城市群生态经济系统的能值流量,并构建多维度的生态经济系统指标体系,综合评价环太湖城市群可持续发展程度和健康水平。研究结果表明:(1)可更新资源利用不足,在能值利用总量中占比最大值仅为7.95%;(2)不可更新资源消耗过度,在能值利用总量中占比最小值达到56.95%;(3)(除苏州市外)可更新资源产品中肉类与水产品占比最小值已达63.08%,急需对传统的农业结构进行调整;(4)不可更新资源产品均以水泥和钢铁为主,占比最小值已达88.02%,应该加快传统的工业转型升级;(5)输入能值占比最大值仅为36.27%,商品进出口呈现贸易顺差,对外经济开放仍有发展空间;(6)废弃物与可更新能值比率最大值仅为12.8%,废弃物能值比最小值仅为0.19%,废弃物排放和利用水平有待提高;(7)湖州市可持续指标ESI和能值可持续发展指标EISD为1.59和2.99,在环太湖城市群中更具可持续发展潜力;(8)苏州市健康能值指数EUEHI和改进的健康能值指数EUEHI′为8.22和1.65,在环太湖城市群中健康水平较低。据此结果提出了有助于环太湖城市群经济社会发展与自然生态环境和谐共赢的可持续发展对策。
In this study, we utilized an emergy analysis method to examine emergy flow, establish a variety of emergy indices of the social-economic natural subsystem, and evaluate sustainable development and health levels in the ecological-economic system in the Taihu Lake city cluster in 2015. The results showed the following:(1) renewable resources are insufficiently utilized, and the maximum proportion of renewable resources in the total emergy utilization was only 7.95%;(2) non-renewable resources are consumed too extensively, and the minimum proportion of non-renewable resources in total emergy utilization was 56.95%;(3) the traditional agricultural structure in the Taihu Lake city cluster, except the city of Suzhou, must be adjusted urgently because that the minimum proportion of meat and aquatic products in renewable resource products has reached 63.08%;(4) we should accelerate the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries as a minimum of 88.02% are currently producing products from non-renewable resources, primarily cement and steel;(5) we must accelerate the opening up of trade to the outside world, because the maximum proportion of input emergy is only 36.27% and merchandise import and export exhibits a favorable trade balance;(6) the level of waste emission and utilization needs to be improved, because the current maximum ratio of waste emergy to renewable emergy is only 12.8%, and the minimum ratio of waste emergy to total emergy utilization is only 0.19%;(7) within the Taihu Lake city cluster, the city of Huzhou has greater potential for sustainable development, because its sustainable index(ESI) and emergy sustainable development index(EISD) are 1.59 and 2.99, respectively;(8) the city of Suzhou exhibits a low level of health of the cities in the Taihu Lake city cluster, with a health emergy index(EUEHI) and an improved health emergy index(EUEHI′) of 8.22 and 1.65, respectively. Based on the above results, this paper proposes some countermeasures to advance the sustainable development of the ecological-economic system in the Taihu Lake city cluster.
In this study, we utilized an emergy analysis method to examine emergy flow, establish a variety of emergy indices of the social-economic natural subsystem, and evaluate sustainable development and health levels in the ecological-economic system in the Taihu Lake city cluster in 2015. The results showed the following:(1) renewable resources are insufficiently utilized, and the maximum proportion of renewable resources in the total emergy utilization was only 7.95%;(2) non-renewable resources are consumed too extensively, and the minimum proportion of non-renewable resources in total emergy utilization was 56.95%;(3) the traditional agricultural structure in the Taihu Lake city cluster, except the city of Suzhou, must be adjusted urgently because that the minimum proportion of meat and aquatic products in renewable resource products has reached 63.08%;(4) we should accelerate the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries as a minimum of 88.02% are currently producing products from non-renewable resources, primarily cement and steel;(5) we must accelerate the opening up of trade to the outside world, because the maximum proportion of input emergy is only 36.27% and merchandise import and export exhibits a favorable trade balance;(6) the level of waste emission and utilization needs to be improved, because the current maximum ratio of waste emergy to renewable emergy is only 12.8%, and the minimum ratio of waste emergy to total emergy utilization is only 0.19%;(7) within the Taihu Lake city cluster, the city of Huzhou has greater potential for sustainable development, because its sustainable index(ESI) and emergy sustainable development index(EISD) are 1.59 and 2.99, respectively;(8) the city of Suzhou exhibits a low level of health of the cities in the Taihu Lake city cluster, with a health emergy index(EUEHI) and an improved health emergy index(EUEHI′) of 8.22 and 1.65, respectively. Based on the above results, this paper proposes some countermeasures to advance the sustainable development of the ecological-economic system in the Taihu Lake city cluster.
引文
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[16] 楚芳芳,蒋涤非.基于能值分析的长株潭城市群生态经济系统演变态势分析.经济地理,2012,32(2):143- 148.
[17] 蔺雪芹,方创琳.城市群地区产业集聚的生态环境效应研究进展.地理科学进展,2008,27(3):110- 118.
[18] 杨天姿.基于能值生态足迹的山东省沿海城市群可持续发展研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2010:1- 72.
[19] 楚芳芳,蒋涤非.基于能值改进生态足迹的长株潭城市群可持续发展研究.长江流域资源与环境,2012,21(2):145- 150.
[20] 楚芳芳,蒋涤非.基于能值理论的长株潭城市群一体化研究.科技进步与对策,2012,29(5):45- 50.
[21] 方创琳,任宇飞.京津冀城市群地区城镇化与生态环境近远程耦合能值代谢效率及环境压力分析.中国科学:地球科学,2017,47(7):833- 846.
[22] 李双成,傅小锋,郑度.中国经济持续发展水平的能值分析.自然资源学报,2001,16(4):297- 304.
[23] 成福伟,张月丛,邹燚,杨越.基于能值分析的区域生态经济发展研究—以承德为例.应用基础与工程科学学报,2015,23(S1):20- 29.
[2] 李锋,刘旭升,胡聃,王如松.城市可持续发展评价方法及其应用.生态学报,2007,27(11):4793- 4802.
[3] 马世骏,王如松.社会-经济-自然复合生态系统.生态学报,1984,4(1):1- 9.
[4] Odum H T.系统生态学.蒋有绪,译.北京:科学出版社,1993:20-50.
[5] Odum H T.能量、环境与经济——系统分析导引.蓝盛芳,译.北京:东方出版社,1992.
[6] Odum H T.Environmental Accounting:Emergy and Environmental Decision Making.New York:John Wiley & Sons,Inc.,1996:88- 156.
[7] Odum H T.Self-organization,Transformity,and information.Science,1988,242(4882):1132- 1139.
[8] Ulgiati S,Odum H T,Bastianoni S.Emergy Use,Environmental Loading and Sustainability an emergy analysis of Italy.Ecological Modelling,1994,73(3/4):215- 268.
[9] Brown M T,McClanahan T R.EMergy analysis perspectives of Thailand and Mekong river dam proposals.Ecological Modelling,1996,91(1/3):100- 130.
[10] Whitfield D F.Emergy Basis for Urban Land Use Patterns in Jacksonvile,Florida[D].Gainesville:University of Florida,1994.
[11] 严茂超,Odum H T.西藏生态经济系统的能值分析与可持续发展研究.自然资源学报,1998,13(2):116- 125.
[12] 蓝盛芳,钦佩.生态系统的能值分析.应用生态学报,2001,12(1):129- 131.
[13] 隋春花,蓝盛芳.广州城市生态系统能值分析研究.重庆环境科学,2001,23(5):4- 6,23- 23.
[14] 胡聃,文秋霞,李锋,王震,冯强,张艳萍.北京城市生态系统的能值动态分析.城市环境与城市生态,2006,19(6):1- 4.
[15] 李海涛,严茂超,沈文清,刘文江.新疆生态经济系统的能值分析与可持续发展研究.干旱区地理,2001,24(4):289- 296.
[16] 楚芳芳,蒋涤非.基于能值分析的长株潭城市群生态经济系统演变态势分析.经济地理,2012,32(2):143- 148.
[17] 蔺雪芹,方创琳.城市群地区产业集聚的生态环境效应研究进展.地理科学进展,2008,27(3):110- 118.
[18] 杨天姿.基于能值生态足迹的山东省沿海城市群可持续发展研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2010:1- 72.
[19] 楚芳芳,蒋涤非.基于能值改进生态足迹的长株潭城市群可持续发展研究.长江流域资源与环境,2012,21(2):145- 150.
[20] 楚芳芳,蒋涤非.基于能值理论的长株潭城市群一体化研究.科技进步与对策,2012,29(5):45- 50.
[21] 方创琳,任宇飞.京津冀城市群地区城镇化与生态环境近远程耦合能值代谢效率及环境压力分析.中国科学:地球科学,2017,47(7):833- 846.
[22] 李双成,傅小锋,郑度.中国经济持续发展水平的能值分析.自然资源学报,2001,16(4):297- 304.
[23] 成福伟,张月丛,邹燚,杨越.基于能值分析的区域生态经济发展研究—以承德为例.应用基础与工程科学学报,2015,23(S1):20- 29.