长江经济带城市资源环境承载力评价及影响因素
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摘要
资源环境承载力评价是衡量绿色发展水平的重要前提。本文基于城市资源环境承载力理论框架,运用状态空间模型,对长江经济带城市资源环境承载力进行评价,并分析其影响因素。研究发现:①长江经济带城市资源环境承载力总体处于超载状态,呈现"东高西低"格局;②长江经济带城市资源环境承载力现状与国家"十三五"战略目标所要求的承载力水平仍有一定差距,环境承载力和经济社会承载力是其主要短板,经济发展水平、科技进步、城镇化、政府规制是其主要影响因素;③长江经济带城市资源环境承载力提升需要坚持可持续发展理念,推动资源节约、生态保护、环境治理、产业转型、科技进步、绿色消费等,并优化产业、人口空间布局。本文提出制定污染型产业退出机制和激励型绿色发展政策,构建多方参与的生态产品价值实现机制和长江经济带生态产品市场体系,加大长三角地区对中上游地区的对口援助和技术转移,制定产业、人口空间优化布局方案等政策建议。
Evaluation of resource environment carrying capactiy(RECC) is an important premise to measure the green development of the Yangtze river economic belt. Based on the theoretical connotation of urban RECC, this paper measures the RECC of Yangtze river economic belt by applying the state space model, and analyzes its influencing factors. The study found that:(1) The urban RECC of the Yangtze river economic belt is generally overloaded, showing a pattern of "high in the east and low in the west".(2) There is still a gap between the RECC in the Yangtze river economic belt and the national "13 th five-year" strategic goal. Economic development level, scientific-technical progress, urbanization and government regulation are the main influencing factors.(3) The improvement of urban RECC of the Yangtze river economic belt needs to adhere to the concept of sustainable development and promote resource conservation, ecological protection, environmental governance, industrial transformation, scientific and technological progress, green consumption and so on.And optimizing the spatial layout of industry and population is needed.The paper puts forward relevant policy recommendations. First, formulate the polluting industries exit mechanism and motivational green development policies. Second, construct a multi-participatory mechanism and market system for realizing the ecological products value. Third, increase counterpart assistance and technology transfer from the Yangtze river delta to the middle and upper reaches, and formulate industrial and population spatial optimization layout scheme.
Evaluation of resource environment carrying capactiy(RECC) is an important premise to measure the green development of the Yangtze river economic belt. Based on the theoretical connotation of urban RECC, this paper measures the RECC of Yangtze river economic belt by applying the state space model, and analyzes its influencing factors. The study found that:(1) The urban RECC of the Yangtze river economic belt is generally overloaded, showing a pattern of "high in the east and low in the west".(2) There is still a gap between the RECC in the Yangtze river economic belt and the national "13 th five-year" strategic goal. Economic development level, scientific-technical progress, urbanization and government regulation are the main influencing factors.(3) The improvement of urban RECC of the Yangtze river economic belt needs to adhere to the concept of sustainable development and promote resource conservation, ecological protection, environmental governance, industrial transformation, scientific and technological progress, green consumption and so on.And optimizing the spatial layout of industry and population is needed.The paper puts forward relevant policy recommendations. First, formulate the polluting industries exit mechanism and motivational green development policies. Second, construct a multi-participatory mechanism and market system for realizing the ecological products value. Third, increase counterpart assistance and technology transfer from the Yangtze river delta to the middle and upper reaches, and formulate industrial and population spatial optimization layout scheme.
引文
1.王维,张涛,王晓伟,等.长江经济带城市生态承载力时空格局研究[J].长江流域资源与环境,2017(12):1963-1971.
2.刘东,封志明,杨艳昭.基于生态足迹的中国生态承载力供需平衡分析[J].自然资源学报,2012(4):614-624.
3.李焕,黄贤金,金雨泽,等.长江经济带水资源人口承载力研究[J].经济地理,2017,37(1):181-186.
4.黄贤金,金雨泽,徐国良,等.胡焕庸亚线构想与长江经济带人口承载格局[J].长江流域资源与环境,2017,26(12):1937-1944.
5.张学良,杨朝远.论中国城市群资源环境承载力[J].学术月刊,2014(9):64-70.
6.钟茂初,孙坤鑫.中国城市生态承载力的相对表征——从胡焕庸线出发[J].地域研究与开发,2018,37(05):154-159.
7.杨亮洁,杨永春.甘肃省资源环境承载力时空分异[J].生态学报,2017(20):358-375.
8.曾贤刚,毕瑞亨.绿色经济发展总体评价与区域差异分析[J].环境科学研究,2014,27(12):1564-1570.
9.吴鸣然,赵敏.中国不同区域可持续发展能力评价及空间分异[J].上海经济研究,2016(10):86-94.
10.李华姣,安海忠.国内外资源环境承载力模型和评价方法综述——基于内容分析法[J].中国国土资源经济,2013(8):65-68.
11.张燕,徐建华,曾刚,等.中国区域发展潜力与资源环境承载力的空间关系分析[J].资源科学,2009,31(8):1328-1334.
12.封志明,杨艳昭,闫慧敏,等.百年来的资源环境承载力研究:从理论到实践[J].资源科学,2017(3):379-395.
13.陆大道,樊杰.区域可持续发展研究的兴起与作用[J].中国科学院院刊,2012,27(3):290-300.
14.Martire S,Castellani V,Sala S.Carrying capacity assessment of forest resources:Enhancing environmental sustainability in energy production at local scale[J].Resources Conservation & Recycling,2015(94):11-20.
15.樊杰,王亚飞,汤青,等.全国资源环境承载能力监测预警(2014版)学术思路与总体技术流程[J].地理科学,2015,35(1):1-10.
16.Bishop A B,Fullerton H H,Crawford A B.Carrying Capacity in Regional Environmental Management[M].Washington DC:United States Environmental Protection Agency,1974.
17.Schneider D,Godschalk D R,Axler N.The Carrying Capacity Concept as a Planning Tool[M].Chicago:American Planning Association,1978.
18.齐亚彬.资源环境承载力研究进展及其主要问题剖析[J].中国国土资源经济,2005,18(5):7-11.
19.雷勋平,邱广华.基于熵权TOPSIS模型的区域资源环境承载力评价实证研究[J].环境科学学报,2016,36(1):314-323.
20.Ren C,Guo P,Li M,et al.An innovative method for water resources carrying capacity research – Metabolic theory of regional water resources[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2016(167):139-146.
21.樊杰,周侃,王亚飞.全国资源环境承载能力预警(2016版)的基点和技术方法进展[J].地理科学进展,2017(3):266-276.
22.毛汉英,余丹林.环渤海地区区域承载力研究[J].地理学报,2001,68(3):363-371.
23.刘锦怡,陈斯典,江天久.海洋生态环境承载力研究——以深圳东部海域为例[J].海洋环境科学,2017,36(4):560-565.
24.刘凯,任建兰,程钰,等.中国城镇化的资源环境承载力响应演变与驱动因素[J].城市发展研究,2016,23(1):27-33.
25.李琳,卢佳佳.中国省域城镇化的资源环境承载力响应及影响因素[J].经济经纬,2018,35(3):14-21.
26.周侃,樊杰.中国欠发达地区资源环境承载力特征与影响因素——以宁夏西海固地区和云南怒江州为例[J].地理研究,2015,34(1):39-52.
27.王振主编.长江经济带发展报告(2017-2018)[M].上海:上海人民出版社,2018.
① 数据来源于2018年4月26日习近平在武汉深入推动长江经济带发展座谈会上的重要讲话。
2.刘东,封志明,杨艳昭.基于生态足迹的中国生态承载力供需平衡分析[J].自然资源学报,2012(4):614-624.
3.李焕,黄贤金,金雨泽,等.长江经济带水资源人口承载力研究[J].经济地理,2017,37(1):181-186.
4.黄贤金,金雨泽,徐国良,等.胡焕庸亚线构想与长江经济带人口承载格局[J].长江流域资源与环境,2017,26(12):1937-1944.
5.张学良,杨朝远.论中国城市群资源环境承载力[J].学术月刊,2014(9):64-70.
6.钟茂初,孙坤鑫.中国城市生态承载力的相对表征——从胡焕庸线出发[J].地域研究与开发,2018,37(05):154-159.
7.杨亮洁,杨永春.甘肃省资源环境承载力时空分异[J].生态学报,2017(20):358-375.
8.曾贤刚,毕瑞亨.绿色经济发展总体评价与区域差异分析[J].环境科学研究,2014,27(12):1564-1570.
9.吴鸣然,赵敏.中国不同区域可持续发展能力评价及空间分异[J].上海经济研究,2016(10):86-94.
10.李华姣,安海忠.国内外资源环境承载力模型和评价方法综述——基于内容分析法[J].中国国土资源经济,2013(8):65-68.
11.张燕,徐建华,曾刚,等.中国区域发展潜力与资源环境承载力的空间关系分析[J].资源科学,2009,31(8):1328-1334.
12.封志明,杨艳昭,闫慧敏,等.百年来的资源环境承载力研究:从理论到实践[J].资源科学,2017(3):379-395.
13.陆大道,樊杰.区域可持续发展研究的兴起与作用[J].中国科学院院刊,2012,27(3):290-300.
14.Martire S,Castellani V,Sala S.Carrying capacity assessment of forest resources:Enhancing environmental sustainability in energy production at local scale[J].Resources Conservation & Recycling,2015(94):11-20.
15.樊杰,王亚飞,汤青,等.全国资源环境承载能力监测预警(2014版)学术思路与总体技术流程[J].地理科学,2015,35(1):1-10.
16.Bishop A B,Fullerton H H,Crawford A B.Carrying Capacity in Regional Environmental Management[M].Washington DC:United States Environmental Protection Agency,1974.
17.Schneider D,Godschalk D R,Axler N.The Carrying Capacity Concept as a Planning Tool[M].Chicago:American Planning Association,1978.
18.齐亚彬.资源环境承载力研究进展及其主要问题剖析[J].中国国土资源经济,2005,18(5):7-11.
19.雷勋平,邱广华.基于熵权TOPSIS模型的区域资源环境承载力评价实证研究[J].环境科学学报,2016,36(1):314-323.
20.Ren C,Guo P,Li M,et al.An innovative method for water resources carrying capacity research – Metabolic theory of regional water resources[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2016(167):139-146.
21.樊杰,周侃,王亚飞.全国资源环境承载能力预警(2016版)的基点和技术方法进展[J].地理科学进展,2017(3):266-276.
22.毛汉英,余丹林.环渤海地区区域承载力研究[J].地理学报,2001,68(3):363-371.
23.刘锦怡,陈斯典,江天久.海洋生态环境承载力研究——以深圳东部海域为例[J].海洋环境科学,2017,36(4):560-565.
24.刘凯,任建兰,程钰,等.中国城镇化的资源环境承载力响应演变与驱动因素[J].城市发展研究,2016,23(1):27-33.
25.李琳,卢佳佳.中国省域城镇化的资源环境承载力响应及影响因素[J].经济经纬,2018,35(3):14-21.
26.周侃,樊杰.中国欠发达地区资源环境承载力特征与影响因素——以宁夏西海固地区和云南怒江州为例[J].地理研究,2015,34(1):39-52.
27.王振主编.长江经济带发展报告(2017-2018)[M].上海:上海人民出版社,2018.
① 数据来源于2018年4月26日习近平在武汉深入推动长江经济带发展座谈会上的重要讲话。