基于人类命运共同体的我国海洋防灾减灾体系建设
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摘要
随着全球气候变化加剧,海洋灾害发生的可能性变得越来越大,为了减少海洋灾害造成的损害后果,以及能够在共同面对海洋灾害风险中承担起大国责任,我国需要建立完善的国内海洋防灾救灾体系与灾害防御国际合作机制。通过阐述海洋灾害防御的国际合作模式,分析当前我国参与的国际合作以及其中存在的问题,进而对如何完善我国海洋灾害防御国际合作机制以及构建具有中国特色的海洋灾害风险管理体制进行探讨,以期得到稳定的海洋环境,更好地构建海洋命运共同体与人类命运共同体。
With the aggravation of global climate change, the possibility of marine disasters has become more and more serious. In order to mitigate the damage caused by marine disasters and assume the major responsibility of facing the risk of marine disasters, China needs to establish a sound domestic marine disaster prevention and relief system and international cooperation mechanism for disaster prevention. By elaborating the international cooperation modes of marine disaster prevention, this paper analyses the current international cooperation in which China participates and the existing problems, and then discusses how to improve the international cooperation system of marine disaster prevention and how to construct the marine disaster risk management system with Chinese characteristics in order to obtain a stable marine environment and construct a community with a shared future for mankind and a community with a shared future for oceans better.
With the aggravation of global climate change, the possibility of marine disasters has become more and more serious. In order to mitigate the damage caused by marine disasters and assume the major responsibility of facing the risk of marine disasters, China needs to establish a sound domestic marine disaster prevention and relief system and international cooperation mechanism for disaster prevention. By elaborating the international cooperation modes of marine disaster prevention, this paper analyses the current international cooperation in which China participates and the existing problems, and then discusses how to improve the international cooperation system of marine disaster prevention and how to construct the marine disaster risk management system with Chinese characteristics in order to obtain a stable marine environment and construct a community with a shared future for mankind and a community with a shared future for oceans better.
引文
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[3]新华网.习近平集体会见出席海军成立70周年多国海军活动外方代表团团长[EB/OL].[2019-04-23]. http://www.xinhuanet.com/politics/leaders/2019-04/23/c_1124404136.htm.Xinhua Net. Xi Jinping group meeting with heads of foreign delegations to multinational naval activities on the 70th anniversary of the founding of the navy[EB/OL].[2019-04-23].http://www.xinhuanet.com/politics/leaders/2019-04/23/c_1124404136.htm.
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[13]何章银.中国救灾外交研究[D].武汉:华中师范大学, 2014.He Zhangyin. China’s disaster relief diplomacy[D].Wuhan:Central China Normal University, 2014.
[14]洪凯,侯丹丹.联合国国际减灾合作机制与中国的参与策略[J].中国应急管理, 2011(5):50-55.Hong Kai, Hou Dandan. United Nations international cooperation mechanism for disaster reduction and China’s participation strategy[J]. China Emergency Management, 2011(5):50-55.
[15]中国减灾编辑部.一次世界减灾的盛会:2005年日本神户世界减灾大会扫描[J].中国减灾, 2005(2):66.Disaster Reduction in China Editorial Office. A world conference on disaster reduction:Scanning of the 2005world conference on sisaster reduction in Kobe, Japan[J]. Disaster Reduction in China, 2005(2):66.
[16]李素菊.世界减灾大会:从横滨到仙台[J].中国减灾,2015(7):34-37.Li Suju. World conference on disaster reduction:From Yokohama to Sendai[J]. Disaster Reduction in China,2015(7):34-37.
[17]史培军.仙台框架:未来15年世界减灾指导性文件[J].中国减灾, 2015(7):30-33.Shi Peijun. Sendai framework:Guidance document of world’s disaster reduction for the next 15 years[J].Disaster Reduction in China, 2015(7):30-33.
[18]赵阿兴.防灾减灾救灾体制改革灾害阈值研究成果应用[J].城市管理与科技, 2016, 18(5):31-34.Zhao Axing. Application of research results on disaster threshold of disaster prevention, mitigation and relief system reform[J]. Urban Management and Science&Technology, 2016, 18(5):31-34.
[19]侯京明,李涛,范婷婷,等.全球海啸灾害事件统计及预警系统简述[J].海洋预报, 2013, 30(4):87-92.Hou Jingming, Li Tao, Fan Tingting, et al. Review of global tsunami disaster and tsunami warning system[J].Marine Forecasts, 2013, 30(4):87-92.
[20]游志斌,张蕾.欧洲地区的防救灾活动[J].中国公共安全(学术版), 2007(1):91-96.You Zhibin, Zhang Lei. The disaster prevention and relief activities in European region[J]. China Public Security(Academy Edition), 2007(1):91-96.
[21]刘再辉.上海合作组织法律问题研究[D].重庆:西南政法大学, 2009.Liu Zaihui. The legal issues on Shanghai Cooperation Organization[D]. Chongqing:Southwest University of Political Science and Law, 2009.
[22]游志斌.当代国际救灾体系比较研究[D].北京:中共中央党校, 2006.You Zhibin. A comparative study of contemporary international disaster relief systems[D]. Beijing:Party School of the Central Committee of C.P.C, 2006.
[23]联合国新闻网.联合国将帮助建立中美洲灾害预警系统[EB/OL].[2006-03-03]. http://www.un.org/chinese/News/fullstorynews.asp?newsID=5227.UN News. The United Nations will help establish a disaster early warning system in Central America[EB/OL].[2006-03-03]. http://www.un.org/chinese/News/fullstorynews.asp?newsID=5227.
[24]CRED-OFDA, EM-DAT. The OFDA/CRED international disaster data basic[R]. America:Center for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters, 2002.
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