微波加热制备无机保温材料及其性能研究
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摘要
以水玻璃为主要原料、硅酸铝纤维和有机硅为增强和疏水添加剂,通过微波加热的方式制备了轻质均匀的无机保温材料。采用扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱、X射线衍射、热重-差示扫描量热等手段表征了该保温材料的结构性能。结果表明:在硅酸铝纤维添加量为2%(质量分数),有机硅添加量为1%(质量分数)条件下,制备的无机保温材料密度为96kg/m~3,压缩强度为0.433MPa,室温下导热系数为0.0514W/(m·K),体积吸水率仅为4.2%。
A lightweight and uniform inorganic thermal insulation material was prepared by microwave heating with sodium silicate as main raw material,aluminum silicate fiber and silicone as reinforcing and hydrophobic additives.Meanwhile,the structure of the sample was characterizated by scanning electron microscopy,infrared spectroscopy,Xraydiffraction and thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry.The results showed that when the addition of aluminum silicate fiber and silicone were 2%and 1%respectively,the obtained material had the optimal performances.The material was possess of the desity of 96 kg/m~3,the compression strength of 0.433 MPa,the thermal conductivity of0.0514 W/(m·K)at room temperature,and volume water absorption of 4.2%.
A lightweight and uniform inorganic thermal insulation material was prepared by microwave heating with sodium silicate as main raw material,aluminum silicate fiber and silicone as reinforcing and hydrophobic additives.Meanwhile,the structure of the sample was characterizated by scanning electron microscopy,infrared spectroscopy,Xraydiffraction and thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry.The results showed that when the addition of aluminum silicate fiber and silicone were 2%and 1%respectively,the obtained material had the optimal performances.The material was possess of the desity of 96 kg/m~3,the compression strength of 0.433 MPa,the thermal conductivity of0.0514 W/(m·K)at room temperature,and volume water absorption of 4.2%.
引文
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[2]孙志坚,孙玮,傅加林,等.国内绝热保温材料现状及发展趋势[J].能源工程,2001(4):26-28.
[3]王岩,王祎玮,白锡庆,等.墙体保温材料的现状及其发展趋势[J].天津建设科技,2017,27(1):1-3.
[4]徐帅,周张健,张笑歌,等.新型无机保温材料的研究进展[J].硅酸盐通报,2015,34(5):1302-1306.
[5]金玉杰,李义.浅谈无机保温材料在建筑中的应用与发展[J].吉林建筑工程学院学报,2013,29(6):17-19.
[6]练国峰,阮文娟,金江,等.一种新型发泡保温材料的制备研究[J].化工新型材料,2012,40(11):20-22.
[7]马建春.热固化复合不燃隔热材料——泡沫水玻璃[J].墙材革新与建筑节能,2012(8):47-48.
[8]崔荣,徐泽丰,金江,等.水玻璃发泡保温材料的制备[J].无机盐工业,2016,48(1):21-24,37.
[9]段碧林,曾令可,刘艳春,等.微波辅助加热技术在无机材料中的应用[J].陶瓷学报,2006,27(1):120-125.
[10]Roggendorf H,Boschel D,Trempler J.Structural evolution of sodium silicate solutions dried to amorphous solids[J].Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids,2001,293-295:752-757.
[11]蒋晓勇,练国锋,张华,等.微波加热水玻璃制备多孔轻质隔热材料[J].陶瓷学报,2012,33(2):198-202.
[12]阮文娟,崔荣,李晓晨,等.微波加热制备水玻璃发泡保温材料及其结构表征[J].硅酸盐通报,2014,33(5):1184-1188;1192.
[13]石丹.硅酸盐无机发泡保温隔热材料的制备及其改性研究[D].北京:北京化工大学,2012.
[14]Rao A P,Rao A V,Pajonk G M.Hydrophobic and physical properties of the ambient pressure dried silica aerogels with sodium silicate precursor using various surface modification agents[J].Applied Surface Science,2007,253(14):6032-6040.
[15]Bertoluzza A,Fagnano C,Morelli M A,et al.Raman and infrared spectra on silica gel evolving toward glass[J].Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids,1982,48(1):117-128.
[16]Jabbour J,Calas S,Gatti S,et al.Characterization by IR spectroscopy of an hybrid sol-gel material used for photonic devices fabrication[J].Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids,2008,354(2):651-658.
[17]李晔.水玻璃基无机保温泡沫的制备与性能研究[D].合肥:中国科学技术大学,2016.
[18]昝小磊.水玻璃砂的吸湿特性及抗湿性研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学材料科学与工程学院,2008.
[19]徐锋.改性硅酸盐无机胶粘剂的制备及性能研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2005.
[20]刘富初.微波硬化水玻璃砂表面抗湿强化研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2013.
[21]郑其俊,陆琴芳.保温材料憎水性的研究[J].保温材料与节能技术,1994(4):11-14.