食芽象甲成虫在陕北枣园的空间分布格局
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摘要
为有效防控食芽象甲Scythropus yasumatsui K8no et Morimoto在陕西榆林地区枣园的危害,在田间调查的基础上,使用Iwao回归分析法、Taylor幂法则和5种常用指标参数,探明了成虫在不同枣园样地中的分布格局、理论抽样数及成虫的序贯抽样方法。食芽象甲成虫在枣树上的空间格局为聚集型,个体间相互吸引,其聚集性随密度的增大而增加。对成虫进行序贯抽样,当每株成虫达到30头,置信水平为1.96时,序贯抽样进行抽样的防治下限与上限方程分别为:d_0=30n-34.33n~(1/2)和d1=30n+34.33 n~(1/2),当调查10株枣树上的虫数超过409头时,需要进行防治。食芽象甲成虫空间分布型及抽样方法的确定,对于揭示该虫的种群空间结构动态,提高田间测报准确率及防治效果都具有十分重要的意义。
To effectively control the damage caused by Scythropus yasumatsui K8 no et Morimoto in jujube orchards of Yulin,Shaanxi Province,the spatial distribution pattern,sequential sampling and theoretical sampling number of adults in different plots were analyzed by using Iwao's regression analysis,Taylor's power law and five aggregation indices through field investigation.The adults were of aggregative distribution pattern in jujube trees with an individual fundamental component,and their aggregation increased as the population density of adults grew.Below the control threshold of adults with30 individual/plant and the confidence level with1.96,the lower limit and upper limit formula of sequential sampling was d_0=30 n-34.33 n~(1/2) and d_1=30 n+34.33 n~(1/2),respectively.Measures needed to be taken if the amount of adults was over 409 in10 jujube trees.The spatial distribution and sampling technique of adults could have significant implications for clearing the weevil's space structure and improving the prediction and prevention effects.
To effectively control the damage caused by Scythropus yasumatsui K8 no et Morimoto in jujube orchards of Yulin,Shaanxi Province,the spatial distribution pattern,sequential sampling and theoretical sampling number of adults in different plots were analyzed by using Iwao's regression analysis,Taylor's power law and five aggregation indices through field investigation.The adults were of aggregative distribution pattern in jujube trees with an individual fundamental component,and their aggregation increased as the population density of adults grew.Below the control threshold of adults with30 individual/plant and the confidence level with1.96,the lower limit and upper limit formula of sequential sampling was d_0=30 n-34.33 n~(1/2) and d_1=30 n+34.33 n~(1/2),respectively.Measures needed to be taken if the amount of adults was over 409 in10 jujube trees.The spatial distribution and sampling technique of adults could have significant implications for clearing the weevil's space structure and improving the prediction and prevention effects.
引文
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[21]黄水金,章根平,裴润根,等.稻象甲成虫空间分布型的研究[J].江西农业学报,2000,12(4):30-35.
[22]丁岩钦.昆虫种群学生态学原理与方法[M].北京:科学出版社,1980:22-57.
[2]张华普,沈瑞清,康萍芝.食芽象甲在宁夏枣园的发生危害及风险分析[J].中国果树,2015(2):80-82.
[3]张泽勇,闫春艳.枣树食芽象甲在河北献县的发生规律与防治技术[J].果树实用技术与信息,2011(2):35.
[4]黄维正,李东成.枣飞象越冬幼虫空间分布格局的研究[J].昆虫知识,1993(6):348-350.
[5]贾增波,刘启雄,刘鸿源.枣芽象甲生活习性初步观察及其防治[J].甘肃林业科技,1991(2):49-50.
[6]唐学亮,赵宏志,张学武.陕北枣树食芽象甲防治技术研究[J].陕西林业科技,2013(4):131-132.
[7]胡维平,梁廷康.枣飞象的预测预报及防治[J].山西农业,2008(1):41.
[8]张锋,洪波,李英梅,等.枣食芽象甲测报与防治[J].西北园艺,2016(10):32-33.
[9]任登州,齐向英.陕北地区枣食芽象甲防治初探[J].河北农业科学,2009,13(6):40-41.
[10]张锋,洪波,申健,等.不同杀虫剂对枣食芽象甲室内毒力和田间防治效果[J].陕西农业科学,2015,61(12):56-58.
[11]阎雄飞,李刚,刘永华,等.枣食芽象甲越冬幼虫空间分布型和抽样技术研究[J].中国农学通报,2014,30(31):285-289.
[12]佳县地方志编纂委员会.佳县志[M].西安:陕西旅游出版社,2008:35-36.
[13]Iwao S.Application of the M*—M method to the analysis of spatial patterns by changing the quadrat size[J].Researches on Population Ecology,1972(14):97-128.
[14]Taylor L R,Woiwod I P,Perry J N.The density-dependence of spatial behavior and the rarity of randomness[J].Journal of Animal Ecology,1978(47):383-406.
[15]兰星平.种群聚集度指标回归模型群在检验昆虫种群空间分布型中的应用[J].贵州林业科技,1995,23(1):40-52.
[16]Blackith R E.Nearest-neighbour distance measurements for the estimation of animal populations[J].Ecology,1958(39):147-150.
[17]李哲,季荣,谢宝瑜,等.论昆虫空间生态学研究[J].昆虫知识,2004,40(1):1-6.
[18]曲辉,李腾友,江冬,等.辽宁省稻水象甲成虫的空间分布型及抽样方法的研究[J].沈阳农业大学学报,1998,29(1):30-33.
[19]朱俊庆,商建农,郭敏明.茶丽纹象甲空间分布型及抽样技术的研究[J].昆虫知识,1988(5):277-280.
[20]周崇和,魏余煌.稻象甲成虫空间格局参数特征及其应用[J].昆虫知识,1990(5):271-274.
[21]黄水金,章根平,裴润根,等.稻象甲成虫空间分布型的研究[J].江西农业学报,2000,12(4):30-35.
[22]丁岩钦.昆虫种群学生态学原理与方法[M].北京:科学出版社,1980:22-57.