基于ADAMS与AMESim的油气悬架密封圈阻尼作用影响分析
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摘要
油气悬架在工程自卸车中应用普遍,密封圈作为重要组成单元,摩擦作用产生阻尼对油气悬架性能具有重要影响。针对油气悬架密封圈阻尼作用的影响进行分析,建立单气室油气悬架的数学模型。基于ADAMS搭建二自由度的1/4自卸车的悬架模型,基于AMESim搭建油气悬架数学模型,二者联立搭建油气悬架整个工作系统的分析模型,采用正弦性周期激励作为系统输入,对密封圈阻尼作用影响进行分析。搭建油气悬架试验台,对系统特性进行分析,根据试验结果对分析模型进行修正并对模型的准确性进行验证。结果可知:考虑密封圈阻尼作用影响时,当簧载质量发生变化时,修正后模型使得车身加速度和车轮相对动载荷的最大值都明显降低,整车性能改善明显;对比分析可知修正后模型的准确性与可靠性;为此类自卸车悬架系统设计研究提供参考。
The hydro-pneumatic suspension is widely used in engineering dump truck,the ring seal as an important means to generate friction damping has an important influence on hydrocarbon suspension performance. According to the effect of seal ring damping on the characteristics of hydro-pneumatic suspension,the mathematical model of the single air chamber hydro-pneumatic suspension was established. A two degree of freedom quarter vehicle suspension model was built based on the ADAMS,and the mathematical model of the hydraulic system of hydro pneumatic suspension was built based on AMESim. The analysis model of the whole system was established through uniting the above models and the dynamic characteristics of the system were analyzed by using sinusoidal periodic excitation as input. The test platform was set up to analyze the dynamic characteristics of the suspension. Through the comparison of the analysis results,the parameters in the mathematical model were modified to verify the accuracy of the mathematical model. Comparative analysis of the results shows: when sprung mass of hydro-pneumatic suspension changes,compared with the ordinary model,the maximum values of the body acceleration and wheel relative dynamic load in the built model were significantly reduced,which has improved significantly on vehicle ride comfort and operation safety,through considering the seal friction ring and comparison of simulation and experimental results prove the mathematical model of the hydro pneumatic suspension is more accurate to consider the sealing ring friction,which provides a reference for the design of this kind of system.
The hydro-pneumatic suspension is widely used in engineering dump truck,the ring seal as an important means to generate friction damping has an important influence on hydrocarbon suspension performance. According to the effect of seal ring damping on the characteristics of hydro-pneumatic suspension,the mathematical model of the single air chamber hydro-pneumatic suspension was established. A two degree of freedom quarter vehicle suspension model was built based on the ADAMS,and the mathematical model of the hydraulic system of hydro pneumatic suspension was built based on AMESim. The analysis model of the whole system was established through uniting the above models and the dynamic characteristics of the system were analyzed by using sinusoidal periodic excitation as input. The test platform was set up to analyze the dynamic characteristics of the suspension. Through the comparison of the analysis results,the parameters in the mathematical model were modified to verify the accuracy of the mathematical model. Comparative analysis of the results shows: when sprung mass of hydro-pneumatic suspension changes,compared with the ordinary model,the maximum values of the body acceleration and wheel relative dynamic load in the built model were significantly reduced,which has improved significantly on vehicle ride comfort and operation safety,through considering the seal friction ring and comparison of simulation and experimental results prove the mathematical model of the hydro pneumatic suspension is more accurate to consider the sealing ring friction,which provides a reference for the design of this kind of system.
引文
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[3]CAO D P,RAKHEJA S,SU C Y.Roll-and Pitch-plane Coupled Hydro-pneumatic Suspension[J].Vehicle System Dynamics,2010,48(4):507-528.
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[5]WESTHUIZEN S F V D,ELS P S.Comparison of Different Gas Models to Calculate the Spring Force of a Hydropneumatic Suspension[J].Journal of Terramechanics,2015,57(3):41-59.
[6]SEO J U,YUN Y W,PARK M K.Magneto-rheological Accumulator for Temperature Compensation in Hydropneumatic Suspension Systems[J].Journal of Mechanical Science&Technology,2011,25(6):1621-1625.
[7]刘相波,韩寿松,晁智强,等.基于ADAMS和AMESim联合仿真环境的油气悬挂虚拟试验研究[J].机床与液压,2015,43(1):168-171.LIU X B,HAN S S,CHAO Z Q,et al.Virtual Test Research on Hydro-pneumatic Suspension Based on ADAMSand AMESim[J].Hydraulics Pneumatics&Seals,2015,43(1):168-171.
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[9]PLEJMK L M,GROBBELAR A C.Investigation of the Time-and Temperature Dependency of Hydro-pneumatic Suspension System[J].Journalof Automobile Engineering,2010,56(7):318-328.
[10]张伟,张文明,赵翾,等.环形腔气体溶解析出对油气悬架性能的影响[J].华南理工大学学报(自然科学版),2014,42(9):122-128.ZHANG W,ZHANG W M,ZHAO X,et al.Effects of Gas Dissolution and Precipitation in Ring Cavity on Hydropneumatic Suspension Characteristics[J].Journal of South China University of Technology(Natural Science Edition),2014,42(9):122-128.
[11]刘杰,陈永峰.油气悬架结构参数对胶轮车行驶平顺性影响的研究[J].煤炭工程,2013,45(7):102-104.LIU J,CHEN Y F.Study on the Structure Parameters of Hydro Pneumatic Suspension of Wheel Bus Ride Comfort Effect[J].Coal Engineering,2013,45(7):102-104.
[12]刘桓龙,陈曦,樊友权,等.单气室油气悬架的阻尼特性分析[J].机床与液压,2014,42(16):59-62.LIU H L,CHEN X,FAN Y Q,et al.Damping Characteristics Analysis on the Single Chamber Oil and Gas Suspension[J].Machine Tool&Hydraulics,2014,42(16):59-62.
[13]ANDREAS R,SCHUMANN M,RONALD J,et al.Optimal Control of an Active Anti Roll Suspension for an Offroad Utility Vehicle using Interconnected Hydra-gas Suspension Units[J].Vehicle System Dynamics,2013,37(6):145-156.
[14]甄龙信,张文明.单气室油气悬架的仿真与试验研究[J].机械工程学报,2009,45(5):290-294.ZHEN L X,ZHANG W M.Research on Simulation and Experiment of Hydro-pneumatic Suspension with Single Gas Cell[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2009,45(5):290-294.
[15]刘刚,陈思忠,王文竹,等.基于AMESim和Simulink的油气悬架仿真与试验[J].振动、测试与诊断,2016,36(2):346-350.LIU G,CHEN S Z,WANG W Z,et al.Simulation and Experimental Research of a Novel Hydro-pneumatic Suspension Based on AMESim and Simulink[J].Journal of Vibration,Measurement&Diagnosis,2016,36(2):346-350.
[16]孙继勋,赵广俊,吕建刚,等.基于AMESim的单腔油气悬架阻尼特性仿真分析[J].液压气动与密封,2010,30(6):24-27.SUN J X,ZHAO G J,LV J G,et al.Simulation and Analysis on Damping Capacity of HPS with Isolated Singlechamber Based on AMESim[J].Hydraulics Pneumatics&Seals,2010,30(6):24-27.
[17]刘雷,阮春红.基于AMESim的重型车辆油气悬架振动特性仿真研究[J].机床与液压,2011,39(5):105-107.LIU L,RUAN C H.Simulation Research on Vibration of Hydro-pneumatic Suspension of Heavy Vehicle Based on AMESim[J].Machine Tool&Hydraulics,2011,39(5):105-107.
[18]杨杰,陈思忠,吴志成,等.油气悬架可控刚度阻尼设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2008,39(10):20-24.YANG J,CHEN S Z,WU Z C,et al.Design and Testing on the Hydro-pneumatic Suspensions with Controllable Stiffness and Damping[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2008,39(10):20-24.
[19]CAO D.Roll Plane Analysis of a Hydro-pneumatic Suspension with Twin-gas-chamber Struts[J].International Journal of Heavy Vehicle Systems,2007,14(4):355-375.
[20]姚雪梅,徐刚,肖铮,等.工程机械油气悬架平顺性随机输入行驶试验研究[J].中国工程机械学报,2005,3(3):353-356.YAO X M,XU G,XIAO Z,et al.Research on Random Input Running Test for Ride Comfort of Hydropneumatic Suspension of Engineering Machinery[J].Chinese Journal of Construction Machinery,2005,3(3):353-356.
[21]魏建华,杜恒,方向,等.基于ADAMS/Simulink/AMESim的油气悬架道路友好性分析[J].农业机械学报,2010,41(10):11-17.WEI J H,DU H,FANG X,et al.Road-friendliness of Interconnected Hydro-pneumatic Suspension Based on ADAMS/Simulink/AMESim[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2010,41(10):11-17.
[22]徐道临,张林,周加喜.重型矿用自卸车油气悬架参数优化[J].振动与冲击,2012,31(24):98-101.XU D L,ZHANG L,ZHOU J X.Parametric Optimization of Hydro-pneumatic Suspension of a Heavy Mining Dumper[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2012,31(24):98-101.
[2]许路,苏铁熊,侯军海,等.车辆油气悬架性能研究及现状分析[J].汽车零部件,2011(8):87-88.XU L,SU T X,HOU J H,et al.A Engineering Vehicle Performance of Hydro-pneumatic Suspension and Research Status[J].Automobile Parts,2011(8):87-88.
[3]CAO D P,RAKHEJA S,SU C Y.Roll-and Pitch-plane Coupled Hydro-pneumatic Suspension[J].Vehicle System Dynamics,2010,48(4):507-528.
[4]CHO J R,LEE H W,YOO W S,et al.Study on Damping Characteristics of Hydropneumatic Suspension Unit of Tracked Vehicle[J].Journal of Mechanical Science&Technology,2004,18(2):262-271.
[5]WESTHUIZEN S F V D,ELS P S.Comparison of Different Gas Models to Calculate the Spring Force of a Hydropneumatic Suspension[J].Journal of Terramechanics,2015,57(3):41-59.
[6]SEO J U,YUN Y W,PARK M K.Magneto-rheological Accumulator for Temperature Compensation in Hydropneumatic Suspension Systems[J].Journal of Mechanical Science&Technology,2011,25(6):1621-1625.
[7]刘相波,韩寿松,晁智强,等.基于ADAMS和AMESim联合仿真环境的油气悬挂虚拟试验研究[J].机床与液压,2015,43(1):168-171.LIU X B,HAN S S,CHAO Z Q,et al.Virtual Test Research on Hydro-pneumatic Suspension Based on ADAMSand AMESim[J].Hydraulics Pneumatics&Seals,2015,43(1):168-171.
[8]张军伟,陈思忠,吴志成,等.刚度和阻尼均可调的油气悬架设计与试验[J].汽车工程学报,2013,3(2):106-112.ZHANG J W,CHEN S Z,WU Z C,et al.Design and Test of a Hydro-pneumatic Suspension with Adjustable Stiffness and Damping[J].Chinese Journal of Automotive Engineering,2013,3(2):106-112.
[9]PLEJMK L M,GROBBELAR A C.Investigation of the Time-and Temperature Dependency of Hydro-pneumatic Suspension System[J].Journalof Automobile Engineering,2010,56(7):318-328.
[10]张伟,张文明,赵翾,等.环形腔气体溶解析出对油气悬架性能的影响[J].华南理工大学学报(自然科学版),2014,42(9):122-128.ZHANG W,ZHANG W M,ZHAO X,et al.Effects of Gas Dissolution and Precipitation in Ring Cavity on Hydropneumatic Suspension Characteristics[J].Journal of South China University of Technology(Natural Science Edition),2014,42(9):122-128.
[11]刘杰,陈永峰.油气悬架结构参数对胶轮车行驶平顺性影响的研究[J].煤炭工程,2013,45(7):102-104.LIU J,CHEN Y F.Study on the Structure Parameters of Hydro Pneumatic Suspension of Wheel Bus Ride Comfort Effect[J].Coal Engineering,2013,45(7):102-104.
[12]刘桓龙,陈曦,樊友权,等.单气室油气悬架的阻尼特性分析[J].机床与液压,2014,42(16):59-62.LIU H L,CHEN X,FAN Y Q,et al.Damping Characteristics Analysis on the Single Chamber Oil and Gas Suspension[J].Machine Tool&Hydraulics,2014,42(16):59-62.
[13]ANDREAS R,SCHUMANN M,RONALD J,et al.Optimal Control of an Active Anti Roll Suspension for an Offroad Utility Vehicle using Interconnected Hydra-gas Suspension Units[J].Vehicle System Dynamics,2013,37(6):145-156.
[14]甄龙信,张文明.单气室油气悬架的仿真与试验研究[J].机械工程学报,2009,45(5):290-294.ZHEN L X,ZHANG W M.Research on Simulation and Experiment of Hydro-pneumatic Suspension with Single Gas Cell[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2009,45(5):290-294.
[15]刘刚,陈思忠,王文竹,等.基于AMESim和Simulink的油气悬架仿真与试验[J].振动、测试与诊断,2016,36(2):346-350.LIU G,CHEN S Z,WANG W Z,et al.Simulation and Experimental Research of a Novel Hydro-pneumatic Suspension Based on AMESim and Simulink[J].Journal of Vibration,Measurement&Diagnosis,2016,36(2):346-350.
[16]孙继勋,赵广俊,吕建刚,等.基于AMESim的单腔油气悬架阻尼特性仿真分析[J].液压气动与密封,2010,30(6):24-27.SUN J X,ZHAO G J,LV J G,et al.Simulation and Analysis on Damping Capacity of HPS with Isolated Singlechamber Based on AMESim[J].Hydraulics Pneumatics&Seals,2010,30(6):24-27.
[17]刘雷,阮春红.基于AMESim的重型车辆油气悬架振动特性仿真研究[J].机床与液压,2011,39(5):105-107.LIU L,RUAN C H.Simulation Research on Vibration of Hydro-pneumatic Suspension of Heavy Vehicle Based on AMESim[J].Machine Tool&Hydraulics,2011,39(5):105-107.
[18]杨杰,陈思忠,吴志成,等.油气悬架可控刚度阻尼设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2008,39(10):20-24.YANG J,CHEN S Z,WU Z C,et al.Design and Testing on the Hydro-pneumatic Suspensions with Controllable Stiffness and Damping[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2008,39(10):20-24.
[19]CAO D.Roll Plane Analysis of a Hydro-pneumatic Suspension with Twin-gas-chamber Struts[J].International Journal of Heavy Vehicle Systems,2007,14(4):355-375.
[20]姚雪梅,徐刚,肖铮,等.工程机械油气悬架平顺性随机输入行驶试验研究[J].中国工程机械学报,2005,3(3):353-356.YAO X M,XU G,XIAO Z,et al.Research on Random Input Running Test for Ride Comfort of Hydropneumatic Suspension of Engineering Machinery[J].Chinese Journal of Construction Machinery,2005,3(3):353-356.
[21]魏建华,杜恒,方向,等.基于ADAMS/Simulink/AMESim的油气悬架道路友好性分析[J].农业机械学报,2010,41(10):11-17.WEI J H,DU H,FANG X,et al.Road-friendliness of Interconnected Hydro-pneumatic Suspension Based on ADAMS/Simulink/AMESim[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2010,41(10):11-17.
[22]徐道临,张林,周加喜.重型矿用自卸车油气悬架参数优化[J].振动与冲击,2012,31(24):98-101.XU D L,ZHANG L,ZHOU J X.Parametric Optimization of Hydro-pneumatic Suspension of a Heavy Mining Dumper[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2012,31(24):98-101.