“大数据”背景下的科学划界标准
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摘要
在对科学划界标准的历史脉络和发展趋势进行系统梳理和客观分析的基础上,对科学划界对象即科学知识(或称为科学理论)的类别,进行了重新区分。依据人类探索客观世界的逻辑顺序,将科学划界对象区分为实践真理、观察真理和形式真理三种类别,最终结合"大数据"的时代背景,在每一类科学知识范围内,探究适用于这一范围内的科学划界标准。可以说,为科学划界标准提出了一条新的发展路径,与之前的科学划界标准相比,更加具体,更加细化,也更加具有科学性和可操作性。
On the basis of systematic analysis and objective analysis on the historical context and development trend of scientific demarcation standard,the paper reclassifies the category of scientific demarcation objects,namely scientific knowledge( or scientific theory). According to the logic sequence of human exploring the objective world,the scientific demarcation objects are divided into three categories of practical truth,observational truth and formal truth. Finally,in combination with the background of "big data",we explore the scientific demarcation standard applied within each category of scientific knowledge. It can be said that we put forward a new development path for scientific demarcation standard,which is much more specific,detailed,scientific and operatable than previous scientific demarcation standards.
On the basis of systematic analysis and objective analysis on the historical context and development trend of scientific demarcation standard,the paper reclassifies the category of scientific demarcation objects,namely scientific knowledge( or scientific theory). According to the logic sequence of human exploring the objective world,the scientific demarcation objects are divided into three categories of practical truth,observational truth and formal truth. Finally,in combination with the background of "big data",we explore the scientific demarcation standard applied within each category of scientific knowledge. It can be said that we put forward a new development path for scientific demarcation standard,which is much more specific,detailed,scientific and operatable than previous scientific demarcation standards.
引文
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[8]黎德扬.信息时代的大数据现象值得哲学关注:评《大数据时代》[J].长沙理工大学学报:社会科学版,2014(2):10-13
[9]魏洪钟.科学实在论导论[M].上海:复旦大学出版社,2015:9.
[2]陈健.科学划界——论科学与非科学及伪科学的区分[M].北京:东方出版社,1997.
[3]王巍.科学哲学问题研究:第二版[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2012.
[4]刘放桐.新编现代西方哲学[M].北京:人民出版社,2000:269-270.
[5]李醒民.划界问题或科学划界[J].社会科学,2010(3):104.
[6]P Feyearband.Against Method[M].London:NLB,1979:39.
[7]孟强.科学划界:从本质主义到建构论[J].科学学研究,2004(6):563.
[8]黎德扬.信息时代的大数据现象值得哲学关注:评《大数据时代》[J].长沙理工大学学报:社会科学版,2014(2):10-13
[9]魏洪钟.科学实在论导论[M].上海:复旦大学出版社,2015:9.