尔苏人与木雅人身体成分分析
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摘要
为了解中国西南地区2个未识别族群(尔苏人和木雅人)的体成分状况,采用生物电阻抗法测量四川尔苏人120例(男性为69例,女性为51例)、木雅人157例(男性为77例,女性为80例)的20项体成分指标,包括身高、体质量、脂肪及肌肉发育状况等,并且与甘肃和西藏藏族人群进行体成分的比较.结果表明:尔苏人和木雅人男性的体成分各项指标均接近;木雅人女性除体质量、总能量代谢、躯干肌肉量大于尔苏人女性外(P<0.05),其余指标均与尔苏人女性接近.随年龄增长,木雅人和尔苏人的总肌肉量、推定骨量、总能量代谢、躯干肌肉量呈线性下降(P<0.01).尔苏人和木雅人的体脂率高于西藏藏族,超重及肥胖出现率均高于甘肃藏族和西藏藏族,腰臀比的出现率小于西藏藏族而大于甘肃藏族.
To learn the characteristics of body composition of two unidentified ethnic groups(Ersu and Muya)in the southwest of China,20 body composition index of 120 Ersu adults(69 males,51 females) and 157 Muya adults(77 males,80 females)in Sichuan province were measured by means of bioimpedance analysis method. Furthermore,the body com-positions of Ersu and Muya were compared with those of Tibetans in Gansu and Tibet. The results showed that all the body composition index of males of Ersu and Muya were close,while the weight,total energy metabolism(TEM) and body muscle mass(BMM)of Muya females were larger than those of Ersu females(P < 0.05). With the increase of ages,the total body muscle mass(TBMM),estimated bone mass(EBM),energy metabolism(TEM),trunk muscle mass(TMM) of two groups decreased linearly(P < 0.01). The body fat(PBF)of Ersu and Muya people was higher than that of Tibet Tibetan,and the overweight and obesity occurrence rate were greater than those of Gansu and Tibet Tibetan. While the high Waist-to-Hip Ratio(WHR)occurrence rate of Ersu and Muya people was less than that of Tibet Tibetan and greater than that of Gansu Tibetan.
To learn the characteristics of body composition of two unidentified ethnic groups(Ersu and Muya)in the southwest of China,20 body composition index of 120 Ersu adults(69 males,51 females) and 157 Muya adults(77 males,80 females)in Sichuan province were measured by means of bioimpedance analysis method. Furthermore,the body com-positions of Ersu and Muya were compared with those of Tibetans in Gansu and Tibet. The results showed that all the body composition index of males of Ersu and Muya were close,while the weight,total energy metabolism(TEM) and body muscle mass(BMM)of Muya females were larger than those of Ersu females(P < 0.05). With the increase of ages,the total body muscle mass(TBMM),estimated bone mass(EBM),energy metabolism(TEM),trunk muscle mass(TMM) of two groups decreased linearly(P < 0.01). The body fat(PBF)of Ersu and Muya people was higher than that of Tibet Tibetan,and the overweight and obesity occurrence rate were greater than those of Gansu and Tibet Tibetan. While the high Waist-to-Hip Ratio(WHR)occurrence rate of Ersu and Muya people was less than that of Tibet Tibetan and greater than that of Gansu Tibetan.
引文
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[9]王琳,王疆娜.广场舞对中老年女性身体成分影响的研究[J].山东体育科技,2014,36(3):111-114.WANG L,WANG J N.Effects of square dance exercise on body composition of middle-aged and elderly women[J].Shandong Sports Science&Technology,2014,36(3):111-114(in Chinese).
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[15]寒桦.BMI与膝关节软骨滑膜损伤程度之间的联系[D].太原:山西医科大学,2010.HAN H.The Relationship between BMI and the Damage Degree of Kneed Cartilage and Synovium[D].Taiyuan:Shanxi Medica I University,2010(in Chinese).
[16]李私澜,高玉堂,李琦,等.身体测量指标与女性乳腺癌关系的前瞻性队列研究[J].中华流行病学杂志,2006,27(6):488-493.LI S L,GAO Y T,LI Q,et al.Anthorpometry and female breast cancer:A prospective cohort study[J].Chin J Epidemiol,2006,27(6):488-493(in Chinese).
[17]郭兰伟.肥胖相关身体测量指标与恶性肿瘤发病风险的前瞻性队列研究[D].北京:北京协和医学院,2014.GUO L W.Obesity-Related Physical Measurement Indicators and Cancer Incidence:A Prospective Chort Study[D].Beijing:Peking Union Medical College,2014(in Chinese).
[18]张艳艳,何朝,赵莹颖,等.北京市顺义区人群中心型肥胖与心血管疾病危险因素分析[J].中国健康教育,2016,32(5):419-423.ZHANG Y Y,HE C,ZHAO Y Y,et al.Relationship between central obesity and cardiovascular risk factors among residents of Shunyi District,Beijing[J].Chinese Journal of Health Education,2016,32(5):419-423(in Chinese).
[19]刘庆焕,沈顺女,白贵子,等.汉族和朝鲜族居民不同类型肥胖与心血管代谢危险因素的关系[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2012,16(1):13-16.LIU Q H,SHEN S N,BAI G Z,et al.Relationship between different types of obesity and the risk factors of cardiovascular metabolism in different nationalities of Yanbian Area[J].Chin J Dis Control Prev,2012,16(1):13-16(in Chinese).
[20]蒋建华,肖永康,胡传来.体质指数和腰臀比与代谢综合征患病关系[J].中国公共卫生,2006,22(12):1479-1480.JIANG J H,XIAO Y K,HU C L,et al.Study of relationship between BMI,WHR and prevalence rate of metabolic syndrome[J].Chin J Public Health,2006,22(12):1479-1480(in Chinese).
[21]张海龙,席焕久,付强,等.利用生物电阻抗法对进藏工作汉族男性成年人群与西藏藏族男性成年人群脂肪含量进行比较分析[J].解剖学报,2015,46(6):837-842.ZHANG H L,XI H J,FU Q,et al.Comparative analysis of the fat distribution characteristics of Han males adults worked in Tibet with Tibet males adults in Tibet by using bioelectrical impedance analysis method[J].Acta Anatomica Sinica,2015,46(6):837-842(in Chinese).
[2]席焕久,张海龙,李文慧,等.高原地区居民的体成分与形态学变化[J].解剖科学进展,2013,19(2):178-181.XI H J,ZHANG H L,LI W H,et al.Body composition and morphological changes of high altitude residents[J].Progress of Anatomical Sciences,2013,19(2):178-181(in Chinese).
[3]魏榆,张兴华,严实,等.中国木雅人、尔苏人、八甲人与空格人6项不对称行为的特征[J].人类学学报,2017:DOI:10.16359/j.cnki.cn11-1963/q.2017.0037.WEI Y,ZHANG X H,YAN S,et al.Research on six behavioral traits of lateral functional dominance in the Muya,Ersu,Bajia and Kongge peoples in China[J].Acta Anatomica Sinica,2017:DOI:10.16359/j.cnki.cn11-1963/q.2017.0037(in Chinese).
[4]王文佳,张兴华,宇克莉,等.木雅人的指距、坐高与身高的关系[J].天津师范大学学报(自然科学版),2017,37(2):71-80.WANG W J,ZHANG X H,YU K L,et al.Correlation between stature,arm span and sitting height in Muya[J].Journal of Tianjin Normal University(Natural Science Edition),2017,37(2):71-80(in Chinese).
[5]席焕久,陈昭,人体测量方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2010.XI H J,CHEN Z.Anthropometric Methods[M].Beijing:Science Press,2010(in Chinese).
[6]王健,席焕久,李文慧,等.拉萨藏族成人体成分现状[J].解剖学杂志,2017,40(2):192-196.WANG J,XI H J,LI W H,et al.Body composition of Tibetans in Lhasa[J].Chinese Journal of Anatomy,2017,40(2):192-196(in Chinese).
[7]宇克莉,郑连斌,李咏兰,等.海南临高人身体成分分析[J].人类学学报,2017,36(1):101-109.YU K L,ZHENG L B,LI Y L et al.Analysis of body composition of Lingao in Hainan province[J].Acta Anatomica Sinica,2017,36(1):101-109(in Chinese).
[8]李咏兰,郑连斌,金丹.黎族的体成分与体质特征[J/OL].人类学学报,2017:DOI:10.16359/j.cnki.cn11-1963/q.2017.0020.LI Y L,ZHENG L B,JIN D.Body composition study and physical features analyze of Li minority nationality[J].Acta Anatomica Sinica,2017:DOI:10.16359/j.cnki.cn11-1963/q.2017.0020(in Chinese).
[9]王琳,王疆娜.广场舞对中老年女性身体成分影响的研究[J].山东体育科技,2014,36(3):111-114.WANG L,WANG J N.Effects of square dance exercise on body composition of middle-aged and elderly women[J].Shandong Sports Science&Technology,2014,36(3):111-114(in Chinese).
[10]巫达.尔苏语言文字与尔苏人的族群认同[J].中央民族大学学报(哲学与社会科学版),2005,32(6):133-139.WU D.Ersu writing system and Ersu ethnic identity[J].Journal of the Central University for Nationalities(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition),2005,32(6):133-139(in Chinese).
[11]李璟.对木雅藏族的民族学与历史学考察[D].成都:四川大学,2006.LI J.An Ethnologic and Historic Study on the Muya Tibetan Groups[D].Chengdu:Sichuan University,2006(in Chinese).
[12]DURNIN J V,WOMERSLEY J.Body fat assessed from the total body density and its estimation from skinfold thickness:Measurements on481 men and women aged from 16 to 72 years[J].The British Journal of Nutrition,1974,32(1):77-97.
[13]World Health Organization.Obesity:Preventing and managing the global epidemic.Report of a WHO Consultation[R].WHO Technical Report Series,Geneva,WHO,2000.
[14]中国肥胖问题工作组数据汇总分析协作组.我国成人体重指数和腰围对相关疾病危险因素异常的预测价值:适宜体重指数和腰围切点的研究[J].中华流行病学杂志,2002,23(1):5-10.Coorperative Meta-analysis Group of China Obesity Task Force.Predictive values of body mass index and waist circumference to risk factors of related diseases in Chinese adult population[J].Chin J Epidemiol,2002,23(1):5-10(in Chinese).
[15]寒桦.BMI与膝关节软骨滑膜损伤程度之间的联系[D].太原:山西医科大学,2010.HAN H.The Relationship between BMI and the Damage Degree of Kneed Cartilage and Synovium[D].Taiyuan:Shanxi Medica I University,2010(in Chinese).
[16]李私澜,高玉堂,李琦,等.身体测量指标与女性乳腺癌关系的前瞻性队列研究[J].中华流行病学杂志,2006,27(6):488-493.LI S L,GAO Y T,LI Q,et al.Anthorpometry and female breast cancer:A prospective cohort study[J].Chin J Epidemiol,2006,27(6):488-493(in Chinese).
[17]郭兰伟.肥胖相关身体测量指标与恶性肿瘤发病风险的前瞻性队列研究[D].北京:北京协和医学院,2014.GUO L W.Obesity-Related Physical Measurement Indicators and Cancer Incidence:A Prospective Chort Study[D].Beijing:Peking Union Medical College,2014(in Chinese).
[18]张艳艳,何朝,赵莹颖,等.北京市顺义区人群中心型肥胖与心血管疾病危险因素分析[J].中国健康教育,2016,32(5):419-423.ZHANG Y Y,HE C,ZHAO Y Y,et al.Relationship between central obesity and cardiovascular risk factors among residents of Shunyi District,Beijing[J].Chinese Journal of Health Education,2016,32(5):419-423(in Chinese).
[19]刘庆焕,沈顺女,白贵子,等.汉族和朝鲜族居民不同类型肥胖与心血管代谢危险因素的关系[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2012,16(1):13-16.LIU Q H,SHEN S N,BAI G Z,et al.Relationship between different types of obesity and the risk factors of cardiovascular metabolism in different nationalities of Yanbian Area[J].Chin J Dis Control Prev,2012,16(1):13-16(in Chinese).
[20]蒋建华,肖永康,胡传来.体质指数和腰臀比与代谢综合征患病关系[J].中国公共卫生,2006,22(12):1479-1480.JIANG J H,XIAO Y K,HU C L,et al.Study of relationship between BMI,WHR and prevalence rate of metabolic syndrome[J].Chin J Public Health,2006,22(12):1479-1480(in Chinese).
[21]张海龙,席焕久,付强,等.利用生物电阻抗法对进藏工作汉族男性成年人群与西藏藏族男性成年人群脂肪含量进行比较分析[J].解剖学报,2015,46(6):837-842.ZHANG H L,XI H J,FU Q,et al.Comparative analysis of the fat distribution characteristics of Han males adults worked in Tibet with Tibet males adults in Tibet by using bioelectrical impedance analysis method[J].Acta Anatomica Sinica,2015,46(6):837-842(in Chinese).