从狂欢化视角看《小杜丽》中的疯癫形象
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摘要
以巴赫金的狂欢化诗学理论,分析《小杜丽》中的疯癫人物形象。巴赫金认为,狂欢式的笑面向更新与未来,能够借助"摆脱现世真理"的另类眼光来审视现实世界,使严肃的一本正经的一切相对化。作为狂欢化人物形象,小说中的疯癫人物依靠自我否定、偏离常规来实现对所谓主流社会的颠覆、对权利的解构,《小杜丽》中的疯癫人物颠覆了维多利亚时期的既定秩序,展现了一个荒诞而又真实的狂欢化世界。
The author here tries to analyze the images of madness in Little Dorrit written by the great writer Charles Dickens with the help of M.M.Bakhtin's Carnivalesque Theory.According to Bakhtin,carnival laughter means renewal and future,and it can understand the world through a fresh different angle which gets rid of the present worldly truth.Hence,all serious can be made relative.The images of madness in Little Dorrit can be regarded as carnival literary images.By self-denial and the deviation of normal ways,they can overthrow the so-called main-stream society,and deconstruct the authority as well as the established social order of Victoria era.Therefore,an absurd and real picture of carnival world can be revealed in front of the readers.
The author here tries to analyze the images of madness in Little Dorrit written by the great writer Charles Dickens with the help of M.M.Bakhtin's Carnivalesque Theory.According to Bakhtin,carnival laughter means renewal and future,and it can understand the world through a fresh different angle which gets rid of the present worldly truth.Hence,all serious can be made relative.The images of madness in Little Dorrit can be regarded as carnival literary images.By self-denial and the deviation of normal ways,they can overthrow the so-called main-stream society,and deconstruct the authority as well as the established social order of Victoria era.Therefore,an absurd and real picture of carnival world can be revealed in front of the readers.
引文
[1]巴赫金.陀思妥耶夫斯基诗学问题[M].白春仁,顾亚铃,译.北京:三联书店,1988:175.
[2]Charles Dickens.Little Dorrit[M].London:Penguin Books,2003:24.
[3]纳·达·塔马尔钦科.怪诞美学与小说诗学——论巴赫金的思想与概念体系对当代科学的意义[J].凌建侯,译.陕西师范大学学报(社科版),2005(2):17-20.
[4]巴赫金.拉伯雷的创作与中世纪和文艺复兴时期的民间文化(巴赫金全集第六卷)[M].李兆林,夏忠宪,等译.石家庄:河北教育出版社,1998:46.
[5]凌建侯.从狂欢化理论视角看疯癫形象[J].国外文学,2007(3):105-112.
[6]殷企平.《小杜丽》中进步的瘟疫[J].浙江大学学报,2005,35(4):167-174.
[7]狄更斯.小杜丽:下卷[M].金绍禹,译.上海:上海译文出版社,1993.
[8]狄更斯.小杜丽:上卷[M].金绍禹,译.上海:上海译文出版社,1993:220-221.
[9]狄更斯.双城记[M].宋兆霖,译.长沙:湖南文艺出版社,2014:01.
(1)译文:哈哈!说得对!我是一个绅士!活要活得像个绅士,死也要死得像一个绅士!做一个绅士,这便是我的目标。这就是我的计策。真是要命,到哪里我都这样。(金绍禹)
(2)译文:“我是一个”——里高先生说这话时站起身来——“我是一个属于世界的绅士。我不属于哪个国家。......我是一个世界公民。”(金绍禹)
(3)具其自述,被控谋杀自己的妻子。
(4)William Dorrit,小说主人公小杜丽的父亲,又称马夏尔西监狱之父。
[2]Charles Dickens.Little Dorrit[M].London:Penguin Books,2003:24.
[3]纳·达·塔马尔钦科.怪诞美学与小说诗学——论巴赫金的思想与概念体系对当代科学的意义[J].凌建侯,译.陕西师范大学学报(社科版),2005(2):17-20.
[4]巴赫金.拉伯雷的创作与中世纪和文艺复兴时期的民间文化(巴赫金全集第六卷)[M].李兆林,夏忠宪,等译.石家庄:河北教育出版社,1998:46.
[5]凌建侯.从狂欢化理论视角看疯癫形象[J].国外文学,2007(3):105-112.
[6]殷企平.《小杜丽》中进步的瘟疫[J].浙江大学学报,2005,35(4):167-174.
[7]狄更斯.小杜丽:下卷[M].金绍禹,译.上海:上海译文出版社,1993.
[8]狄更斯.小杜丽:上卷[M].金绍禹,译.上海:上海译文出版社,1993:220-221.
[9]狄更斯.双城记[M].宋兆霖,译.长沙:湖南文艺出版社,2014:01.
(1)译文:哈哈!说得对!我是一个绅士!活要活得像个绅士,死也要死得像一个绅士!做一个绅士,这便是我的目标。这就是我的计策。真是要命,到哪里我都这样。(金绍禹)
(2)译文:“我是一个”——里高先生说这话时站起身来——“我是一个属于世界的绅士。我不属于哪个国家。......我是一个世界公民。”(金绍禹)
(3)具其自述,被控谋杀自己的妻子。
(4)William Dorrit,小说主人公小杜丽的父亲,又称马夏尔西监狱之父。