清廷内府本翻刻考析
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摘要
清代以满族入关定鼎中原,为维护其统治,确立了"尊儒重道"和"稽古右文"的文化政策,同时也在思想文化领域实行文字狱的高压政策。在没有其他媒介营造有利于清统治的舆论下,编刊图书并增强流布成了宣传和加强清廷思想控制的重要手段。清廷不仅编修刊刻了大量有利于其统治的书籍,同时颁发地方政府,敕令地方政府照式翻刻,也鼓励世人、书坊等进行翻刻。所以清代内府本的翻刻现象非常普遍,迄今内府本和翻刻本仍大量存于世。本文试图梳理清廷对内府本翻刻的规定和活动,并进一步探析内府本翻刻与清朝文化政策的关系。
In Qing dynasty,Manchu entered in Shanhai pass and settled in central plains. It has make the cultural polices of "Respecting Confucianism and stressing Taoism"and "Examining ancient deeds and distinguishing between right and wrong",meanwhile,in the field of ideological culture,it has implement the policy of"Word Prison". The only way to promote and strengthen the ideological control is to edit books. There are numbers of controlling books in Qing palace,as well as sending to local government,and then copy them to encourage people and bookstore to copy. Therefore,classics copy is common to see in Qing dynasty,it still has the original classic and copy ones in society nowadays. This paper tries to list out the regulations and activities in Qing palace,so as to analyze the relationship between copies and cultural policies.
In Qing dynasty,Manchu entered in Shanhai pass and settled in central plains. It has make the cultural polices of "Respecting Confucianism and stressing Taoism"and "Examining ancient deeds and distinguishing between right and wrong",meanwhile,in the field of ideological culture,it has implement the policy of"Word Prison". The only way to promote and strengthen the ideological control is to edit books. There are numbers of controlling books in Qing palace,as well as sending to local government,and then copy them to encourage people and bookstore to copy. Therefore,classics copy is common to see in Qing dynasty,it still has the original classic and copy ones in society nowadays. This paper tries to list out the regulations and activities in Qing palace,so as to analyze the relationship between copies and cultural policies.
引文
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[3](清)王穆,纂修.(康熙)城固县志[O].康熙五十六年刻本:卷十.
[4]内阁大库档案.内阁典籍厅为颁发上谕事[B].登录号:287598-001.
[5][6][16][17]翁连溪.清内府刻书档案史料汇编[G].扬州:广陵书社,2001:100,30,108,109.
[7][8]内阁大库档案.署陕西总督查郎阿为祗领大义觉迷录事[B].登录号:120078-001.
[9]明清内阁大库史料合编[M].北京:国家图书馆出版社,2009:302.
[10]内阁大库档案.揭报接奉钦颁大义觉迷录并刊刻分发宣讲各缘由[B].登录号:119909-001.
[11]中国第一历史档案馆.乾隆朝起居注[M].桂林:广西师范大学出版社,2009:172.
[12]清实录(第九册)[M].北京:中华书局,1985:120.
[13]中华书局,编.钦定大清会典[M].北京:中华书局,1991:171.
[14]清实录(第十册)[M].北京:中华书局,1985:439.
[15]中国第一历史档案馆,编.乾隆朝上谕档(第一册)[M].北京:档案出版社,1988:354.
[18]清实录(第四十册)[M].北京:中华书局,1985:521.