大豆设施加代关键技术集成及应用
|
摘要
加速育种进程、提高育种效率是育种技术发展的重要方向。南繁加代可缩短大豆育种年限,提高育种效率,但是成本较高,增加了育种工作的资金负担。在前人研究的基础上,通过实践创新,探索出了在漯河当地日光温室内大豆加代的关键技术措施。通过应用穴盘单粒加温育苗、覆膜移栽、强补光和遮阳管理、温湿调节、植株稳固以及生长调节剂等措施,解决了大豆设施加代过程中烂种、坏种、烧叶、植株匍匐或相互缠绕等问题;创新性地应用生物秸秆自动反应装置,生产液体有机肥料和CO_2气体,为大豆植株生长提供养分并促进其光合作用。大豆设施加代关键技术的创新应用,极大地提高了加代成功率和繁殖倍数,对促进黄淮海地区大豆育种具有重要意义,应用前景广阔。
Accelerating breeding process and improving breeding efficiency are the important direction in the breeding technology development. Seed propagation and advancing generation in South China could shortened soybean breeding years and improve breeding efficiency,but the cost was high. The key techniques of advancing generation of soybean in greenhouse in Luohe were developed based on the previous research foundation including plug seedling with single seed on heating seedbed,film transplantation,strengthening light and shading management, temperature and humidity regulation, plant stabilization and growth regulator and so on. These measures solved the problems of rotten seeds,bad seeds,burning leaves,creeping plants or interwinding in the process of advancing generation of soybean. The innovative application of biological straw automatic reaction device to produce liquid organic fertilizer and CO_2 provided nutrients for soybean plants and promoted their photosynthesis. The application of the key technologies is of great significance to the promotion of soybean breeding in Huang-Huai-Hai regions with wide application prospect.
Accelerating breeding process and improving breeding efficiency are the important direction in the breeding technology development. Seed propagation and advancing generation in South China could shortened soybean breeding years and improve breeding efficiency,but the cost was high. The key techniques of advancing generation of soybean in greenhouse in Luohe were developed based on the previous research foundation including plug seedling with single seed on heating seedbed,film transplantation,strengthening light and shading management, temperature and humidity regulation, plant stabilization and growth regulator and so on. These measures solved the problems of rotten seeds,bad seeds,burning leaves,creeping plants or interwinding in the process of advancing generation of soybean. The innovative application of biological straw automatic reaction device to produce liquid organic fertilizer and CO_2 provided nutrients for soybean plants and promoted their photosynthesis. The application of the key technologies is of great significance to the promotion of soybean breeding in Huang-Huai-Hai regions with wide application prospect.
引文
[1]郭天宝.中国大豆生产困境与出路研究[D].长春:吉林农业大学,2017.
[2]赵琳,宋亮,詹生华,骆乐谈.大豆育种进展与前景展望[J].大豆科技,2014,(3):36-39.
[3]陈祥金.大豆南繁加代技术[J].作物杂志,2006,(2):13-14.
[4]张振晓,张小虎,武新艳,李晋花,张峰.大豆南繁加代栽培技术[J].现代农业科技,2012,(19):38,41.
[5]李志辉,张仙美,段红光,张璐,傅豪,靳巧玲.新育夏大豆品种(系)经济性状与产量分析[J].农业科技通讯,2013,(7):81-84.
[6]李志辉,傅豪,靳巧玲,段红光,戴晋,吴鹤敏.大豆日光温室加代应用研究初报[J].河北农业科学,2017,21(2):88-91,95.
[7]吴鸣岐,杜连恩,魏玉昌,于秀普,郝全喜.大豆在塑料大棚生态环境下加代繁育的研究[J].山东农业科学,2000,(2):16-17.
[8]张建模,吴宏春,孙红玲,韦运和,郁峥嵘,徐进勇.大豆育苗移栽技术要点及其效果[J].大豆通报,2007,(4):10-11,21.
[9]汪越胜,盖钧镒.中国大豆品种光温综合反应与短光照反应的关系[J].中国油料作物学报,2001,23(2):40-44.
[10]李春杰,许艳丽,魏巍,裴希超,张雷.结荚期光照时间对大豆产量和化学品质的影响[J].西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版,2010,38(11):71-74.
[11]任秀荣,刘书岭,许海涛,曹小娣,王纪伟.大豆就地加代育种技术研究初报[J].作物杂志,2001,(2):10-11.
[12]邵玉彬,胡兴国,袁淑明.大豆育种微型温室加代技术[J].大豆通报,2001,(1):18.
[13]郭数进,杨凯敏,霍瑾,周永航,王宏勇,李贵全.大豆不同性状与产量的相关性及主成分分析[J].山西农业科学,2015,43(5):505-508.
[14]张晓艳,杜吉到,郑殿峰,冯乃杰,张玉先,梁喜龙,丁希武.大豆不同群体叶面积指数及干物质积累与产量的关系[J].中国农学通报,2006,22(11):161-163.
[15]张仟雨,宗毓铮,董琦,胡晓雪,郝兴宇.大气CO2浓度升高对大豆光合生理的影响[J].山西农业科学,2016,44(11):1675-1679.
[2]赵琳,宋亮,詹生华,骆乐谈.大豆育种进展与前景展望[J].大豆科技,2014,(3):36-39.
[3]陈祥金.大豆南繁加代技术[J].作物杂志,2006,(2):13-14.
[4]张振晓,张小虎,武新艳,李晋花,张峰.大豆南繁加代栽培技术[J].现代农业科技,2012,(19):38,41.
[5]李志辉,张仙美,段红光,张璐,傅豪,靳巧玲.新育夏大豆品种(系)经济性状与产量分析[J].农业科技通讯,2013,(7):81-84.
[6]李志辉,傅豪,靳巧玲,段红光,戴晋,吴鹤敏.大豆日光温室加代应用研究初报[J].河北农业科学,2017,21(2):88-91,95.
[7]吴鸣岐,杜连恩,魏玉昌,于秀普,郝全喜.大豆在塑料大棚生态环境下加代繁育的研究[J].山东农业科学,2000,(2):16-17.
[8]张建模,吴宏春,孙红玲,韦运和,郁峥嵘,徐进勇.大豆育苗移栽技术要点及其效果[J].大豆通报,2007,(4):10-11,21.
[9]汪越胜,盖钧镒.中国大豆品种光温综合反应与短光照反应的关系[J].中国油料作物学报,2001,23(2):40-44.
[10]李春杰,许艳丽,魏巍,裴希超,张雷.结荚期光照时间对大豆产量和化学品质的影响[J].西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版,2010,38(11):71-74.
[11]任秀荣,刘书岭,许海涛,曹小娣,王纪伟.大豆就地加代育种技术研究初报[J].作物杂志,2001,(2):10-11.
[12]邵玉彬,胡兴国,袁淑明.大豆育种微型温室加代技术[J].大豆通报,2001,(1):18.
[13]郭数进,杨凯敏,霍瑾,周永航,王宏勇,李贵全.大豆不同性状与产量的相关性及主成分分析[J].山西农业科学,2015,43(5):505-508.
[14]张晓艳,杜吉到,郑殿峰,冯乃杰,张玉先,梁喜龙,丁希武.大豆不同群体叶面积指数及干物质积累与产量的关系[J].中国农学通报,2006,22(11):161-163.
[15]张仟雨,宗毓铮,董琦,胡晓雪,郝兴宇.大气CO2浓度升高对大豆光合生理的影响[J].山西农业科学,2016,44(11):1675-1679.