动物试验中多重比较方法的选择
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摘要
当动物试验存在多个处理时,一般会选择方差分析对其观测数据进行显著性检验。方差分析的结果若为显著,说明其中一些处理间存在显著性差异。但若想确定具体哪些处理间存在显著性差异,则需通过多重比较来完成。现有的统计软件一般会提供多种多重比较方法以供选择,但具体在何种情况应该选择何种多重比较方法,往往语焉不详。文章从不同多重比较方法的基本原理入手,通过比较不同方法的特点,分析各自的使用条件,以期为动物试验数据的多重比较方法选择提供思路。
The analysis of variance(ANOVA) is generally used to test the significance of the data from an animalexperiment with multiple treatments. The significant results of ANOVA means a significant difference between some of thetreatments. However, multiple comparisons need be done to determine which specific treatments have significant differences.The statistical software generally provides a variety of multiple comparison methods, but it is often unclear how to choose amethod for specific data. This paper provided some ideas for choosing the multiple comparison methods to analyze the dataof an animal experiment by comparing the characteristics of different methods and the use conditions that base on principlesof different methods.
The analysis of variance(ANOVA) is generally used to test the significance of the data from an animalexperiment with multiple treatments. The significant results of ANOVA means a significant difference between some of thetreatments. However, multiple comparisons need be done to determine which specific treatments have significant differences.The statistical software generally provides a variety of multiple comparison methods, but it is often unclear how to choose amethod for specific data. This paper provided some ideas for choosing the multiple comparison methods to analyze the dataof an animal experiment by comparing the characteristics of different methods and the use conditions that base on principlesof different methods.
引文
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[3] KUNAM D, MANIMARAN S, SAMPATH V, et al.Evaluation of dentinal tubule occlusion and depthof penetration of nano-hydroxyapatite derived fromchicken eggshell powder with and without additionof sodium fluoride:An in vitro study[J]. J Con-serv Dent, 2016, 19(3):239-244.
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[5] SINDEREWICZ E, GRYCMACHER K, BORUSZE-WSKA D, et al. Expression of factors involved inapoptosis and cell survival is correlated with en-zymes synthesizing lysophosphatidic acid and its re-ceptors in granulosa cells originating from differenttypes of bovine ovarian follicles[J]. Reprod BiolEndocrinol, 2017, 15(1):72.
[6] BEWICK V, CHEEK L, BALL J. Statistics review9:One-way analysis of variance[J]. Crit Care,2004, 8(2):130-136.
[7]顾刘金,陈钢.假设检验的两类错误及检验水准的调整[J].预防医学,2018(4):432.
[8] LOWRY S R. Use and misuse of multiple compari-sons in animal experiments[J]. J Anim Sci, 1992,70(6):1971-1977.
[9]胡国宏,王兆军,柴俊海,等.统计检验功效在水产研究中的意义和方法[J].水产科学,2000,19(4):22-26.
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[11]金炳陶,马承霈.检验功效的计算及其应用[J].工科数学,1992(2):45-47.
[12] FISHER R A. The design of experiments[M]. Edin-burgh:Oliver&Boyd, 1937.
[13] SULTANA S, IQBAL M M, AKHTAR M A. Visual-ization of fisher's least significant difference test[J]. Pak J Comm Soc Sci, 2013, 7(1):100-106.
[14] CARMER S G, SWANSON M R. An evaluation often pairwise multiple comparison procedures by Monte Carlo methods[J]. J Am Stat Assoc, 1973, 68(341):66-74.
[15] MCHUGH M L. Multiple comparison analysis testing in ANOVA[J]. Biochem Med(Zagreb), 2011, 21(3):203-209.
[16] KIM H Y. Statistical notes for clinical researchers:posthoc multiple comparisons[J]. Restor Dent Endod, 2015, 40(2):172-176.
[17] YANDELL B S. Practical data analysis for designed experiments[M]. London:Chapman&Hall, 1997.
[18] SILVA L G, FERGUSON B S, AVILA A S, et al. Sodium propionate and sodium butyrate effects on histone deacetylase(HDAC)activity, histone acetylation, and inflammatory gene expression in bovine mammary epithelial cells[J]. J Anim Sci, 2018, 96(12):5244-5252.
[19] CALDAS J V, HILTON K, BOONSINCHAI N, et al. Dynamics of nutrient utilization, heat production, and body composition in broiler breeder hens during egg production[J]. Poult Sci, 2018, 97(8):2845-2853.
[20] EYNG C, MURAKAMI A E, PEDROSO A A, et al. Caecal microbiota of chickens fed diets containing propolis[J].J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr(Berl), 2017, 101(3):484-492.
[21] ABDI H, WILLIAMS L J. Newman-Keuls test and Tukey test[M]//SALKIND N. Encyclopedia of research design.Thousand Oaks:Sage, 2010.
[22] SAVILLE D J. Multiple comparison procedures:The practical solution[J]. The American Statistician, 1990, 44(2):174-180.
[23] UNDERWOOD A J. Experiments in ecology:Their logical design and interpretation using analysis of variance[M].Cambridge University Press.1997.
[24] DUNCAN D B. 273. Query:Multiple comparison methods for comparing regression coefficients[J]. Biometrics, 1970,26(1):141-143.
[25] SETIAWAN H, JINGGA M E, SARAGIH H T. The effect of cashew leaf extract on small intestine morphology and growth performance of Jawa Super chicken[J]. Vet World,2018, 11(8):1047-1054.
[26] ALABI O J, NG'AMBI J W, MBAJIORGU E F, et al.Growth and haematological response of indigenous Venda chickens aged 8 to 13 weeks to varying dietary lysine to energy ratios[J]. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr(Berl), 2015,99(3):436-441.
[2] CHEN H, JI X R, ZHANG Q, et al. Effects of calci-um sulfate combined with platelet-rich plasma onrestoration of long bone defect in rabbits[J]. ChinMed J(Engl), 2016, 129(5):557-561.
[3] KUNAM D, MANIMARAN S, SAMPATH V, et al.Evaluation of dentinal tubule occlusion and depthof penetration of nano-hydroxyapatite derived fromchicken eggshell powder with and without additionof sodium fluoride:An in vitro study[J]. J Con-serv Dent, 2016, 19(3):239-244.
[4] DE SOUZA FARIA A L B, CONRADO L A L,VANZELA L S, et al. Application of phototherapyfor the healing of the navels of neonatal dairycalves[J]. Lasers Med Sci, 2017, 32(7):1579-1586.
[5] SINDEREWICZ E, GRYCMACHER K, BORUSZE-WSKA D, et al. Expression of factors involved inapoptosis and cell survival is correlated with en-zymes synthesizing lysophosphatidic acid and its re-ceptors in granulosa cells originating from differenttypes of bovine ovarian follicles[J]. Reprod BiolEndocrinol, 2017, 15(1):72.
[6] BEWICK V, CHEEK L, BALL J. Statistics review9:One-way analysis of variance[J]. Crit Care,2004, 8(2):130-136.
[7]顾刘金,陈钢.假设检验的两类错误及检验水准的调整[J].预防医学,2018(4):432.
[8] LOWRY S R. Use and misuse of multiple compari-sons in animal experiments[J]. J Anim Sci, 1992,70(6):1971-1977.
[9]胡国宏,王兆军,柴俊海,等.统计检验功效在水产研究中的意义和方法[J].水产科学,2000,19(4):22-26.
[10] CURRAN-EVERETT D. Multiple comparisons:phi-losophies and illustrations[J]. Am J Physiol RegulIntegr Comp Physiol, 2000, 279(1):R1-8.
[11]金炳陶,马承霈.检验功效的计算及其应用[J].工科数学,1992(2):45-47.
[12] FISHER R A. The design of experiments[M]. Edin-burgh:Oliver&Boyd, 1937.
[13] SULTANA S, IQBAL M M, AKHTAR M A. Visual-ization of fisher's least significant difference test[J]. Pak J Comm Soc Sci, 2013, 7(1):100-106.
[14] CARMER S G, SWANSON M R. An evaluation often pairwise multiple comparison procedures by Monte Carlo methods[J]. J Am Stat Assoc, 1973, 68(341):66-74.
[15] MCHUGH M L. Multiple comparison analysis testing in ANOVA[J]. Biochem Med(Zagreb), 2011, 21(3):203-209.
[16] KIM H Y. Statistical notes for clinical researchers:posthoc multiple comparisons[J]. Restor Dent Endod, 2015, 40(2):172-176.
[17] YANDELL B S. Practical data analysis for designed experiments[M]. London:Chapman&Hall, 1997.
[18] SILVA L G, FERGUSON B S, AVILA A S, et al. Sodium propionate and sodium butyrate effects on histone deacetylase(HDAC)activity, histone acetylation, and inflammatory gene expression in bovine mammary epithelial cells[J]. J Anim Sci, 2018, 96(12):5244-5252.
[19] CALDAS J V, HILTON K, BOONSINCHAI N, et al. Dynamics of nutrient utilization, heat production, and body composition in broiler breeder hens during egg production[J]. Poult Sci, 2018, 97(8):2845-2853.
[20] EYNG C, MURAKAMI A E, PEDROSO A A, et al. Caecal microbiota of chickens fed diets containing propolis[J].J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr(Berl), 2017, 101(3):484-492.
[21] ABDI H, WILLIAMS L J. Newman-Keuls test and Tukey test[M]//SALKIND N. Encyclopedia of research design.Thousand Oaks:Sage, 2010.
[22] SAVILLE D J. Multiple comparison procedures:The practical solution[J]. The American Statistician, 1990, 44(2):174-180.
[23] UNDERWOOD A J. Experiments in ecology:Their logical design and interpretation using analysis of variance[M].Cambridge University Press.1997.
[24] DUNCAN D B. 273. Query:Multiple comparison methods for comparing regression coefficients[J]. Biometrics, 1970,26(1):141-143.
[25] SETIAWAN H, JINGGA M E, SARAGIH H T. The effect of cashew leaf extract on small intestine morphology and growth performance of Jawa Super chicken[J]. Vet World,2018, 11(8):1047-1054.
[26] ALABI O J, NG'AMBI J W, MBAJIORGU E F, et al.Growth and haematological response of indigenous Venda chickens aged 8 to 13 weeks to varying dietary lysine to energy ratios[J]. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr(Berl), 2015,99(3):436-441.