河北省两城市空气污染物与气象要素的典型相关分析
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摘要
目的探讨河北省两城市空气污染物与气象要素的相关关系。方法用典型相关分析法从夏半年、冬半年、全年3个时间段分析2015-2016年石家庄市、张家口市空气污染物与气象要素的相关关系。结果石家庄市、张家口市不同时间段的空气污染物与气象要素均值均有差异。典型相关分析结果显示:石家庄市主要空气污染物为PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)、NO_2、O_3、CO、SO_2,张家口市为PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)、NO_2、O_3、SO_2,温度、相对湿度、风速为影响两城市污染物浓度的主要因素。两城市O_3浓度与温度呈正相关;PM_(2.5)、NO_2浓度与相对湿度呈正相关,PM_(10)、O_3、CO、SO_2浓度与相对湿度呈负相关。石家庄市CO浓度与温度呈正相关;张家口市SO_2浓度与温度、NO_2浓度、风速呈负相关;石家庄市3个时间段、张家口市冬半年PM_(10)浓度与温度呈正相关,PM_(2.5)浓度与温度呈负相关;张家口市夏半年、全年PM_(10)浓度与温度呈负相关,PM_(2.5)浓度与温度呈正相关。结论空气污染物与气象要素存在显著相关性,温度、相对湿度、风速为影响污染物浓度的主要气象要素。
Objective To explore the correlation between air pollutants and meteorological elements in two cities of Hebei Province.MethodsThe relationship between air pollutants and meteorological elements in Shijiazhuang City and Zhangjiakou City from 2015 to 2016 was analyzed by typical correlation analysis method during summer,winter and year periods.ResultsThe average values of air pollutants and meteorological elements in different time periods in Shijiazhuang City and Zhangjiakou City were different.The main air pollutants were PM_(10),PM_(2.5),NO_2,O_3,CO,SO_2in Shijiazhuang and PM_(10),PM_(2.5),NO_2,O_3,SO_2in Zhangjiakou.In two cities,temperature,relative humidity and wind velocity were the main factors affecting the concentration of pollutants;the concentration of O_3was positively correlated with the temperature;the concentrations of PM_(2.5)and NO_2were positively correlated with relative humidity;the concentrations of PM_(10),O_3,CO,SO_2were negatively correlated with the relative humidity.The concentration of CO was positively correlated with temperature in Shijiazhuang.The concentration of SO_2was negatively correlated with temperature,NO_2concentration and wind velocity in Zhangjiakou.During the three periods of Shijiazhuang City and the winter half year of Zhangjiakou City,the concentration of PM_(10)was positively correlated with temperature,while the PM_(2.5)concentration was negatively correlated with temperature.On the contrary,PM_(10)is negatively correlated with temperature,and PM_(2.5)was positively in summer and year periods in Zhangjiakou.Conclution Results of canonical correlation analysis showed that there is a significant correlation between air pollutants and meteorological elements.Temperature,relative humidity and wind velocity are the main meteorological factors affecting the concentration of pollutants.
Objective To explore the correlation between air pollutants and meteorological elements in two cities of Hebei Province.MethodsThe relationship between air pollutants and meteorological elements in Shijiazhuang City and Zhangjiakou City from 2015 to 2016 was analyzed by typical correlation analysis method during summer,winter and year periods.ResultsThe average values of air pollutants and meteorological elements in different time periods in Shijiazhuang City and Zhangjiakou City were different.The main air pollutants were PM_(10),PM_(2.5),NO_2,O_3,CO,SO_2in Shijiazhuang and PM_(10),PM_(2.5),NO_2,O_3,SO_2in Zhangjiakou.In two cities,temperature,relative humidity and wind velocity were the main factors affecting the concentration of pollutants;the concentration of O_3was positively correlated with the temperature;the concentrations of PM_(2.5)and NO_2were positively correlated with relative humidity;the concentrations of PM_(10),O_3,CO,SO_2were negatively correlated with the relative humidity.The concentration of CO was positively correlated with temperature in Shijiazhuang.The concentration of SO_2was negatively correlated with temperature,NO_2concentration and wind velocity in Zhangjiakou.During the three periods of Shijiazhuang City and the winter half year of Zhangjiakou City,the concentration of PM_(10)was positively correlated with temperature,while the PM_(2.5)concentration was negatively correlated with temperature.On the contrary,PM_(10)is negatively correlated with temperature,and PM_(2.5)was positively in summer and year periods in Zhangjiakou.Conclution Results of canonical correlation analysis showed that there is a significant correlation between air pollutants and meteorological elements.Temperature,relative humidity and wind velocity are the main meteorological factors affecting the concentration of pollutants.
引文
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[23]邹旭东,杨洪斌,张云海,等.1951-2012年沈阳市气象条件变化及其与空气污染的关系分析[J].生态环境学报,2015,24(1):76-83.
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[2]刘楠媚,莫运政,刘利群,等.大气二氧化硫与居民每日呼吸系统疾病死亡相关性的时间序列分析[J].环境与健康杂志,2013,30(5):385-388.
[3]吴一峰,贺天锋,陆蓓蓓,等.不同大气污染物对社区上呼吸道门诊就诊人次数的影响[J].环境与职业医学,2015,32(10):909-913.
[4]胡悦,郭昳,关茗洋,等.石家庄市大气臭氧浓度与居民急救关系的时间序列分析[J].环境与健康杂志,2016,33(10):872-876.
[5]ZHANG TT,GAO B,ZHOU ZX,et al.The movement and deposition of PM2.5in the upper respiratory tract for the patients with heart failure:an elementary CFD study[J].Bio Medical Engineering On Line,2016,15(S2):517-530.
[6]俆东群.空气污染对人群健康影响数据清洗及评价方法[M].武汉:湖北科学技术出版社,2016.
[7]周江兴.北京市几种主要污染物浓度与气象要素的相关分析[J].应用气象学报,2005,16(S1):123-127.
[8]廉丽姝,高军靖,束炯.城市大气污染特征及其与气象因子的关系-以济南、青岛市为例[J].环境污染与防治,2011,33(5):22-26.
[9]祝晓光.环境与健康:河北省第三届环境与健康论坛优秀论文集[M].石家庄:河北科学技术出版社,2013:103-106.
[10]祝晓光.环境与健康:河北省第三届环境与健康论坛优秀论文集[M].石家庄:河北科学技术出版社,2013:143-153.
[11]王慧.西安市区夏季的臭氧污染浓度变化特征[J].化工管理,2017,30(2):180-181.
[12]牛俊玫,吴瑶,张恒,等.山西阳泉空气污染特征及其与气象要素的相关性分析[J].成都信息工程学院学报,2013,28(1):95-103.
[13]张文彤,董伟.SPSS统计分析高级教程[M].2版.北京:高等教育出版社,2013:255-266.
[14]李有梅,梁珣.典型相关分析综述[J].中国计量大学学报,2017,28(1):113-118.
[15]张群.云南省出口贸易区域结构与产业结构的典型相关分析[J].对外经贸,2017,31(10):46-47,50.
[16]彭淋,董晓梅,李洋,等.广州市大学生睡眠质量与压力典型相关分析[J].中国公共卫生,2014,30(3):266-268.
[17]杨大进,姜桥,何来英,等.2015年我国稻谷中主要元素类物质相关分析[J].中国食品卫生杂志,2017,29(2):136-139.
[18]马寨璞,谷中如,井爱芹,等.金银花根围AM真菌与土壤环境的典型相关分析[J].生态学杂志,2013,32(9):2517-2524.
[19]柯新利,马才学.城镇化对耕地集约利用影响的典型相关分析及其政策启示[J].中国土地科学,2013,27(11):4-10.
[20]环境保护部.HJ 630-2011环境监测质量管理技术导则[S].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2013.
[21]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB/T 4883-2008数据的统计处理和解释正态样本离群值的判断和处理[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2008.
[22]沈家芬,张凌,莫测辉,等.广州市空气污染物和气象要素的主成分与典型相关分析[J].生态环境,2006,15(5):1018-1023.
[23]邹旭东,杨洪斌,张云海,等.1951-2012年沈阳市气象条件变化及其与空气污染的关系分析[J].生态环境学报,2015,24(1):76-83.
[24]杨克敌.环境卫生学[M].6版.北京:人民卫生出版社,2009:71-74.
[25]周兆媛,张时煌,高庆先,等.京津冀地区气象要素对空气质量的影响及未来变化趋势分析[J].资源科学,2014,36(1):191-199.