不同钾效率烟草品种钾素吸收特性及动力学特征分析
|
摘要
为探讨不同钾效率烟草品种对钾素吸收利用的差异,通过砂培盆栽试验研究了10个烟草品种的钾素营养特性,对其生物量、钾含量(质量分数)、钾积累量、根系生理指标以及钾离子吸收动力学特征进行分析,并对钾效率进行评价和分类。结果表明,10个烟草品种的钾素吸收效率和利用效率总体上呈负相关,可划分为3种类型。高效吸收低效利用型烟草具有较高的钾含量,低效吸收高效利用型烟草钾含量较低。根系钾离子吸收动力学参数显示,高效吸收低效利用型烟草的最大吸收速率(V_(max))和综合吸收能力(α)分别较低效吸收低效利用型升高90.6%和215.6%,较低效吸收高效利用型升高36.1%和90.6%。低效吸收高效利用型烟草的V_(max)和α较低效吸收低效利用型分别升高40.0%和65.6%,而米氏常数(K_m)下降8.6%。低效吸收高效利用型烟草的最低吸收浓度(C_(min))和耐瘠能力(β)分别较高效吸收低效利用型下降15.7%和10.2%,较低效吸收低效利用型下降15.9%和13.1%。根系生理指标显示,高效吸收低效利用型烟草具有更高的根系活力、可溶性蛋白含量和钾离子内流速率。
To explore different potassium absorption and utilization between tobacco varieties with different potassium efficiency, a sand-culture pot experiment was carried out to study the potassium nutrition characteristics from 10 tobacco varieties. The biomass, potassium content(mass fraction), potassium accumulation, root physiological indicators and potassium uptake kinetic characteristics from the 10 tobacco varieties were detected, and their potassium efficiency was evaluated and classified. The results showed that the potassium absorption efficiency of 10 tobacco varieties negatively correlated to their utilization efficiency, and the tobacco varieties could be divided into 3 types: varieties with high absorption efficiency and low utilization efficiency(Type 1), varieties with low absorption efficiency and low utilization efficiency(Type 2) and varieties with low absorption efficiency and high utilization efficiency(Type 3). Type 1 tobacco had higher potassium contents, and Type 3 tobacco was contrary. The potassium uptake kinetic parameters indicated that comparing with Type 2 and Type 3 tobaccos, the maximum uptake rate(V_(max)) and comprehensive absorption capacity(α) of Type 1 tobacco increased by 90.6%, 215.6% and 36.1%, 90.6%, respectively. Comparing with Type 2 tobacco,the Vmaxand α of Type 3 tobacco increased by 40.0% and 65.6%, respectively. However, the Michaelis-Menten constant(K_m) of Type 3 tobacco decreased by 8.6%. Comparing with Type 1 and Type 2 tobaccos, the minimum equilibrium concentration(C_(min)) and tolerance to infertility( β) of Type 3 tobacco decreased by 15.7%, 10.2%and 15.9%, 13.1%, respectively. Root physiological indicators suggested that Type 1 tobacco had higher root vigor, soluble protein contents and K+influxes.
To explore different potassium absorption and utilization between tobacco varieties with different potassium efficiency, a sand-culture pot experiment was carried out to study the potassium nutrition characteristics from 10 tobacco varieties. The biomass, potassium content(mass fraction), potassium accumulation, root physiological indicators and potassium uptake kinetic characteristics from the 10 tobacco varieties were detected, and their potassium efficiency was evaluated and classified. The results showed that the potassium absorption efficiency of 10 tobacco varieties negatively correlated to their utilization efficiency, and the tobacco varieties could be divided into 3 types: varieties with high absorption efficiency and low utilization efficiency(Type 1), varieties with low absorption efficiency and low utilization efficiency(Type 2) and varieties with low absorption efficiency and high utilization efficiency(Type 3). Type 1 tobacco had higher potassium contents, and Type 3 tobacco was contrary. The potassium uptake kinetic parameters indicated that comparing with Type 2 and Type 3 tobaccos, the maximum uptake rate(V_(max)) and comprehensive absorption capacity(α) of Type 1 tobacco increased by 90.6%, 215.6% and 36.1%, 90.6%, respectively. Comparing with Type 2 tobacco,the Vmaxand α of Type 3 tobacco increased by 40.0% and 65.6%, respectively. However, the Michaelis-Menten constant(K_m) of Type 3 tobacco decreased by 8.6%. Comparing with Type 1 and Type 2 tobaccos, the minimum equilibrium concentration(C_(min)) and tolerance to infertility( β) of Type 3 tobacco decreased by 15.7%, 10.2%and 15.9%, 13.1%, respectively. Root physiological indicators suggested that Type 1 tobacco had higher root vigor, soluble protein contents and K+influxes.
引文
[1]魏永胜,梁宗锁.钾与提高作物抗旱性的关系[J].植物生理学通讯,2001,37(6):576-580.WEI Yongsheng,LIANG Zongsuo.Relationship between potassium and drought resistance of crops[J].Plant Physiology Communications,2001,37(6):576-580.
[2]Sano T,Kutsuna N,Becker D,et al.Outward-rectifying K+channel activities regulate cell elongation and cell division of tobacco BY-2 cells[J].The Plant Journal,2009,57(1):55-64.
[3]韩锦峰.烟草栽培生理[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2003.HAN Jinfeng.Tobacco physiology in cultivation[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Press,2003.
[4]陈晓东,张瑾,兰兴甫.生物钾在烤烟生产上的应用研究[J].贵州农业科学,2003,31(1):28-31.CHEN Xiaodong,ZHANG Jin,LAN Xingfu.Effect of biotic potassium application on tobacco production[J].Guizhou Agricultural Sciences,2003,31(1):28-31.
[5]闫慧峰,石屹,李乃会,等.烟草钾素营养研究进展[J].中国农业科技导报,2013,15(1):123-129.YAN Huifeng,SHI Yi,LI Naihui,et al.Progress in tobacco potassium nutrition[J].Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology,2013,15(1):123-129.
[6]胡国松.烤烟营养原理[M].北京:科学出版社,2000:141-144.HU Guosong.Nutrient principle of flue-cured tobacco[M].Beijing:Science Press,2000:141-144.
[7]何冰,黄银甫,李建华,等.富钾基因型烤烟叶片钾含量的动态变化[J].烟草科技,2018,51(5):32-38.HE Bing,HUANG Yinfu,LI Jianhua,et al.Dynamic variation of potassium content in leaves of flue-cured tobacco of rich-potassium genotype[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,2018,51(5):32-38.
[8]雷晶,郝艳淑,王晓丽,等.植物钾效率差异的营养生理及代谢机制研究进展[J].中国土壤与肥料,2014(1):1-5.LEI Jing,HAO Yanshu.WANG Xiaoli,et al.Review of nutrient physiology and metabolism in potassium efficiency of plants[J].Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China,2014(1):1-5.
[9]姜存仓,王运华,鲁剑巍,等.植物钾效率基因型差异机理的研究进展[J].华中农业大学学报,2004,23(4):483-487.JIANG Cuncang,WANG Yunhua,LU Jianwei,et al.Advances of study on the K-efficiency in different plant genotypes[J].Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University,2004,23(4):483-487.
[10]展曼曼,王宁,田晓莉.棉花钾营养效率的基因型差异研究进展[J].棉花学报,2012,24(2):176-182.ZHAN Manman,WANG Ning,TIAN Xiaoli.Review of genotypic differences and underlying mechanisms in potassium efficiency of cotton(Gossypium hirsutum)[J].Cotton Science,2012,24(2):176-182.
[11]许杰,马文广,何冰,等.烤烟不同基因型钾营养特性研究[J].中国烟草学报,2017,23(6):45-52.XU Jie,MA Wenguang,HE Bing,et al.Study on potassium nutrient characteristics of flue-cured tobacco of different genotypes[J].Acta Tabacaria Sinica,2017,23(6):45-52.
[12]杨铁钊,范进华.不同基因型烤烟品种吸收钾差异的根系特性研究[J].西北农业学报,2006,15(3):41-44.YANG Tiezhao,FAN Jinhua.The roots characteristics of different genotype flue-cured tobacco varieties in absorption potassium[J].Acta Agriculturae BorealiOccidentalis Sinica,2006,15(3):41-44.
[13]李廷轩,马国瑞.籽粒苋富钾基因型的根系形态和生理特性[J].作物学报,2004,30(11):1145-1151.LI Tingxuan,MA Guorui.Physiological and morphological characteristics of roots in grain amaranth genotypes enrichment in potassium[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,2004,30(11):1145-1151.
[14]邹春琴,李振声,李继云.小麦对钾高效吸收的根系形态学和生理学特征[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2001,7(1):36-43.ZOU Chunqin,LI Zhensheng,LI Jiyun.Study on difference in morphological and physiological characters of wheat varieties to potassium[J].Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers,2001,7(1):36-43.
[15]Woodend J J,Glass A D M.Genotype-environment interaction and correlation between vegetative and grain production measures of potassium use-efficiency in wheat(T.aestivum L.)grown under potassium stress[J].Plant and Soil,1993,151(1):39-44.
[16]邹春琴,李振声,李继云.钾利用效率不同的小麦品种各生育期钾营养特点[J].中国农业科学,2002,35(3):340-344.ZOU Chunqin,LI Zhensheng,LI Jiyun.Characteristics of potassium nutrition of six wheat cultivars at different growth stages[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2002,35(3):340-344.
[17]王爱国,张仕祥,戴华鑫,等.水泥厂对周边环境及烟叶重金属积累的影响[J].烟草科技,2018,51(3):7-14.WANG Aiguo,ZHANG Shixiang,DAI Huaxin,et al.Effects of cement production on surrounding environment and heavy metal accumulation in tobacco leaves[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,2018,51(3):7-14.
[18]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000.BAO Shidan.Soil agro-chemistry analysis[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Press,2000.
[19]张辉.施钾对不同供钾水平土壤小麦/玉米轮作干物质累积及养分吸收利用的影响[D].郑州:河南农业大学,2013.ZHANG Hui.Effect of potassium application on dry matter accumulation,nutrient uptake and utilization of wheat/maize rotation system in different potassium levels of soil[D].Zhengzhou:Henan Agricultural University,2013.
[20]邹琦.植物生理学实验指导[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000.ZOU Qi.Plant physiology experiment guide[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Press,2000.
[21]Xu J,Li H D,Chen L Q,et al.A protein kinase,interacting with two calcineurin B-like proteins,regulates K+transporter AKT1 in Arabidopsis[J].Cell,2006,125(7):1347-1360.
[22]杨铁钊,杨志晓,聂红资,等.富钾基因型烤烟的钾积累及根系生理特性[J].作物学报,2009,35(3):535-540.YANG Tiezhao,YANG Zhixiao,NIE Hongzi,et al.Potassium accumulation and root physiological characteristics of potassium-enriched flue-cured tobacco genotypes[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,2009,35(3):535-540.
[23]蒋廷惠,郑绍建,石锦芹,等.植物吸收养分动力学研究中的几个问题[J].植物营养与肥料学报,1995,1(2):11-17.JIANG Tinghui,ZHENG Shaojian,SHI Jinqin,et al.Several considerations in kinetic research on nutrients uptake by plants[J].Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers,1995,1(2):11-17.
[24]Yang T Y,Zhang S,Hu Y B,et al.The role of a potassium transporter OsHAK5 in potassium acquisition and transport from roots to shoots in rice at low potassium supply levels[J].Plant Physiology,2014,166(2):945-959.
[25]梁太波,王高杰,张艳玲,等.不同氮效率烟草品种氮素营养特性的差异[J].烟草科技,2013(12):63-66.LIANG Taibo,WANG Gaojie,ZHANG Yanling,et al.Differential analysis of nitrogen nutrition characteristics between tobacco cultivars of different nitrogen utilization[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,2013(12):63-66.
[26]戢林,李廷轩,张锡洲,等.氮高效利用基因型水稻根系形态和活力特征[J].中国农业科学,2012,45(23):4770-4781.JI Lin,LI Tingxuan,ZHANG Xizhou,et al.Root morphological and activity characteristics of rice genotype with high nitrogen utilization efficiency[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2012,45(23):4770-4781.
[27]徐国华,鲍士旦,杨建平,等.不同作物的吸钾能力及其与根系参数的关系[J].南京农业大学学报,1995,18(1):49-52.XU Guohua,BAO Shidan,YANG Jianping,et al.The relationship between potassium absorption ability and root parameters of different crops[J].Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University,1995,18(1):49-52.
[28]崔国贤,李宗道.苎麻不同基因型的吸钾能力及其与根系参数的关系[J].农业现代化研究,2000,21(6):371-375.CUI Guoxian,LI Zongdao.Relationship between potassium absorption and root parameters of different genotypes of ramie[J].Research of Agricultural Modernization,2000,21(6):371-375.
[29]肖水平,吴香华,孙亮庆,等.棉花苗期钾营养效率的基因型分类及钾营养特性差异分析[J].棉花学报,2014,26(6):546-554.XIAO Shuiping,WU Xianghua,SUN Liangqing,et al.Classification and analysis of potassium nutrition efficiency and characteristics in different cotton genotypes at seedling stage[J].Cotton Science,2014,26(6):546-554.
[30]李建峰.不同钾效率烟草的农艺性状和钾代谢基因表达差异研究[D].重庆:西南大学,2015.LI Jianfeng.Study on differences of agronomic traits and potassium metabolism genes expression of different potassium efficiency genotypes in tobacco(Nicotiana tabacum L.)[D].Chongqing:Southwest University,2015.
[2]Sano T,Kutsuna N,Becker D,et al.Outward-rectifying K+channel activities regulate cell elongation and cell division of tobacco BY-2 cells[J].The Plant Journal,2009,57(1):55-64.
[3]韩锦峰.烟草栽培生理[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2003.HAN Jinfeng.Tobacco physiology in cultivation[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Press,2003.
[4]陈晓东,张瑾,兰兴甫.生物钾在烤烟生产上的应用研究[J].贵州农业科学,2003,31(1):28-31.CHEN Xiaodong,ZHANG Jin,LAN Xingfu.Effect of biotic potassium application on tobacco production[J].Guizhou Agricultural Sciences,2003,31(1):28-31.
[5]闫慧峰,石屹,李乃会,等.烟草钾素营养研究进展[J].中国农业科技导报,2013,15(1):123-129.YAN Huifeng,SHI Yi,LI Naihui,et al.Progress in tobacco potassium nutrition[J].Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology,2013,15(1):123-129.
[6]胡国松.烤烟营养原理[M].北京:科学出版社,2000:141-144.HU Guosong.Nutrient principle of flue-cured tobacco[M].Beijing:Science Press,2000:141-144.
[7]何冰,黄银甫,李建华,等.富钾基因型烤烟叶片钾含量的动态变化[J].烟草科技,2018,51(5):32-38.HE Bing,HUANG Yinfu,LI Jianhua,et al.Dynamic variation of potassium content in leaves of flue-cured tobacco of rich-potassium genotype[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,2018,51(5):32-38.
[8]雷晶,郝艳淑,王晓丽,等.植物钾效率差异的营养生理及代谢机制研究进展[J].中国土壤与肥料,2014(1):1-5.LEI Jing,HAO Yanshu.WANG Xiaoli,et al.Review of nutrient physiology and metabolism in potassium efficiency of plants[J].Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China,2014(1):1-5.
[9]姜存仓,王运华,鲁剑巍,等.植物钾效率基因型差异机理的研究进展[J].华中农业大学学报,2004,23(4):483-487.JIANG Cuncang,WANG Yunhua,LU Jianwei,et al.Advances of study on the K-efficiency in different plant genotypes[J].Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University,2004,23(4):483-487.
[10]展曼曼,王宁,田晓莉.棉花钾营养效率的基因型差异研究进展[J].棉花学报,2012,24(2):176-182.ZHAN Manman,WANG Ning,TIAN Xiaoli.Review of genotypic differences and underlying mechanisms in potassium efficiency of cotton(Gossypium hirsutum)[J].Cotton Science,2012,24(2):176-182.
[11]许杰,马文广,何冰,等.烤烟不同基因型钾营养特性研究[J].中国烟草学报,2017,23(6):45-52.XU Jie,MA Wenguang,HE Bing,et al.Study on potassium nutrient characteristics of flue-cured tobacco of different genotypes[J].Acta Tabacaria Sinica,2017,23(6):45-52.
[12]杨铁钊,范进华.不同基因型烤烟品种吸收钾差异的根系特性研究[J].西北农业学报,2006,15(3):41-44.YANG Tiezhao,FAN Jinhua.The roots characteristics of different genotype flue-cured tobacco varieties in absorption potassium[J].Acta Agriculturae BorealiOccidentalis Sinica,2006,15(3):41-44.
[13]李廷轩,马国瑞.籽粒苋富钾基因型的根系形态和生理特性[J].作物学报,2004,30(11):1145-1151.LI Tingxuan,MA Guorui.Physiological and morphological characteristics of roots in grain amaranth genotypes enrichment in potassium[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,2004,30(11):1145-1151.
[14]邹春琴,李振声,李继云.小麦对钾高效吸收的根系形态学和生理学特征[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2001,7(1):36-43.ZOU Chunqin,LI Zhensheng,LI Jiyun.Study on difference in morphological and physiological characters of wheat varieties to potassium[J].Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers,2001,7(1):36-43.
[15]Woodend J J,Glass A D M.Genotype-environment interaction and correlation between vegetative and grain production measures of potassium use-efficiency in wheat(T.aestivum L.)grown under potassium stress[J].Plant and Soil,1993,151(1):39-44.
[16]邹春琴,李振声,李继云.钾利用效率不同的小麦品种各生育期钾营养特点[J].中国农业科学,2002,35(3):340-344.ZOU Chunqin,LI Zhensheng,LI Jiyun.Characteristics of potassium nutrition of six wheat cultivars at different growth stages[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2002,35(3):340-344.
[17]王爱国,张仕祥,戴华鑫,等.水泥厂对周边环境及烟叶重金属积累的影响[J].烟草科技,2018,51(3):7-14.WANG Aiguo,ZHANG Shixiang,DAI Huaxin,et al.Effects of cement production on surrounding environment and heavy metal accumulation in tobacco leaves[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,2018,51(3):7-14.
[18]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000.BAO Shidan.Soil agro-chemistry analysis[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Press,2000.
[19]张辉.施钾对不同供钾水平土壤小麦/玉米轮作干物质累积及养分吸收利用的影响[D].郑州:河南农业大学,2013.ZHANG Hui.Effect of potassium application on dry matter accumulation,nutrient uptake and utilization of wheat/maize rotation system in different potassium levels of soil[D].Zhengzhou:Henan Agricultural University,2013.
[20]邹琦.植物生理学实验指导[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000.ZOU Qi.Plant physiology experiment guide[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Press,2000.
[21]Xu J,Li H D,Chen L Q,et al.A protein kinase,interacting with two calcineurin B-like proteins,regulates K+transporter AKT1 in Arabidopsis[J].Cell,2006,125(7):1347-1360.
[22]杨铁钊,杨志晓,聂红资,等.富钾基因型烤烟的钾积累及根系生理特性[J].作物学报,2009,35(3):535-540.YANG Tiezhao,YANG Zhixiao,NIE Hongzi,et al.Potassium accumulation and root physiological characteristics of potassium-enriched flue-cured tobacco genotypes[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,2009,35(3):535-540.
[23]蒋廷惠,郑绍建,石锦芹,等.植物吸收养分动力学研究中的几个问题[J].植物营养与肥料学报,1995,1(2):11-17.JIANG Tinghui,ZHENG Shaojian,SHI Jinqin,et al.Several considerations in kinetic research on nutrients uptake by plants[J].Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers,1995,1(2):11-17.
[24]Yang T Y,Zhang S,Hu Y B,et al.The role of a potassium transporter OsHAK5 in potassium acquisition and transport from roots to shoots in rice at low potassium supply levels[J].Plant Physiology,2014,166(2):945-959.
[25]梁太波,王高杰,张艳玲,等.不同氮效率烟草品种氮素营养特性的差异[J].烟草科技,2013(12):63-66.LIANG Taibo,WANG Gaojie,ZHANG Yanling,et al.Differential analysis of nitrogen nutrition characteristics between tobacco cultivars of different nitrogen utilization[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,2013(12):63-66.
[26]戢林,李廷轩,张锡洲,等.氮高效利用基因型水稻根系形态和活力特征[J].中国农业科学,2012,45(23):4770-4781.JI Lin,LI Tingxuan,ZHANG Xizhou,et al.Root morphological and activity characteristics of rice genotype with high nitrogen utilization efficiency[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2012,45(23):4770-4781.
[27]徐国华,鲍士旦,杨建平,等.不同作物的吸钾能力及其与根系参数的关系[J].南京农业大学学报,1995,18(1):49-52.XU Guohua,BAO Shidan,YANG Jianping,et al.The relationship between potassium absorption ability and root parameters of different crops[J].Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University,1995,18(1):49-52.
[28]崔国贤,李宗道.苎麻不同基因型的吸钾能力及其与根系参数的关系[J].农业现代化研究,2000,21(6):371-375.CUI Guoxian,LI Zongdao.Relationship between potassium absorption and root parameters of different genotypes of ramie[J].Research of Agricultural Modernization,2000,21(6):371-375.
[29]肖水平,吴香华,孙亮庆,等.棉花苗期钾营养效率的基因型分类及钾营养特性差异分析[J].棉花学报,2014,26(6):546-554.XIAO Shuiping,WU Xianghua,SUN Liangqing,et al.Classification and analysis of potassium nutrition efficiency and characteristics in different cotton genotypes at seedling stage[J].Cotton Science,2014,26(6):546-554.
[30]李建峰.不同钾效率烟草的农艺性状和钾代谢基因表达差异研究[D].重庆:西南大学,2015.LI Jianfeng.Study on differences of agronomic traits and potassium metabolism genes expression of different potassium efficiency genotypes in tobacco(Nicotiana tabacum L.)[D].Chongqing:Southwest University,2015.