油藏内源微生物演替规律及其对驱油效果的影响
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摘要
利用长岩心连续动态驱替实验模拟现场微生物驱油过程,通过高通量测序及荧光定量PCR技术定量描述物模驱出液菌群结构、多样性指数及驱油功能细菌浓度的动态变化规律,并分析生物特征动态变化规律与含水率变化之间的对应关系。结果表明:激活剂多轮次段塞注入方式下,内源菌群呈现连续动态演替变化,菌群结构趋于简单化,多样性指数逐渐降低,不动杆菌、厌氧小杆菌及甲烷嗜热杆菌逐渐成为群落中的优势菌属;内源总细菌浓度及驱油功能细菌浓度随激活剂的注入逐渐升高,在时间尺度上存在明显的好氧、兼性及厌氧驱油功能菌级联激活规律,厌氧产甲烷古菌激活时整个代谢链被启动,驱油效率最高;在兼性及厌氧驱油功能细菌浓度提高2个数量级后,产出液细菌群落多样性指数与含水率变化之间存在明显的相关性,可以作为内源微生物驱油生物特征指标,指导内源微生物驱油现场效果的分析及方案的针对性调整。
The continuous flooding test with long core was used to simulate the field flooding process of MEOR. The high-throughput sequencing and fluorescent quantitative PCR technique were employed to quantitively characterize the dynamic changes of the structure of microbial community,the diversity index and the concentration of functional bacteria. And the correlation between the dynamic changes of the microbe and the water content changes was analyzed. The results show that under the multiple rounds of slug injection of activator the structure of microbial community presents continuous dynamic succession,the community structure tends to be simplified,and the diversity index reduces gradually. Acinetobacter,Anaerobaculum and Methanothermobacter gradually become to the predominant bacteria in the community. The concentration of endogenous microorganisms and the functional bacteria gradually increase with the injection of activator. There are obvious rules of cascade activation of aerobic,facultative and anaerobic bacteria in the time scale. The whole metabolic chain is activated by the activation of the methanogen and the oil displacement efficiency is the highest.It is also found that there is a significant positive correlation between microbial community diversity and water cut when the concentration of the facultative and anaerobic functional bacteria is increased by 2 orders of magnitude,which can be used as a key biological indicator to guide field effect analysis and scheme adjustment.
The continuous flooding test with long core was used to simulate the field flooding process of MEOR. The high-throughput sequencing and fluorescent quantitative PCR technique were employed to quantitively characterize the dynamic changes of the structure of microbial community,the diversity index and the concentration of functional bacteria. And the correlation between the dynamic changes of the microbe and the water content changes was analyzed. The results show that under the multiple rounds of slug injection of activator the structure of microbial community presents continuous dynamic succession,the community structure tends to be simplified,and the diversity index reduces gradually. Acinetobacter,Anaerobaculum and Methanothermobacter gradually become to the predominant bacteria in the community. The concentration of endogenous microorganisms and the functional bacteria gradually increase with the injection of activator. There are obvious rules of cascade activation of aerobic,facultative and anaerobic bacteria in the time scale. The whole metabolic chain is activated by the activation of the methanogen and the oil displacement efficiency is the highest.It is also found that there is a significant positive correlation between microbial community diversity and water cut when the concentration of the facultative and anaerobic functional bacteria is increased by 2 orders of magnitude,which can be used as a key biological indicator to guide field effect analysis and scheme adjustment.
引文
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[15]高配科,马挺,赵玲侠,等.胜利油田沾3区块内源微生物激活剂的筛选、优化及效果评价[J].化工学报,2011,62(7):2005-2012.GAO Peike,MA Ting,ZHAO Lingxia,et al. Screening,optimization and evaluation of indigenous microorganism activation system in Zhan 3 block,Shengli Oilfield[J]. Journal of Chemical Industry and Engineering(China),2011,62(7):2005-2012.
[16]宋永亭,胡婧,吴晓玲,等.室温条件下油藏采出液微生物群落结构稳定性[J].应用与环境生物学报,2017,23(3):495-501.SONG Yongting,HU Jing,WU Xiaoling,et al. Stability of microbial community structure in reservoir water samples at room temperature[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology,2017,23(3):495-501.
[17]王永繁,余世孝,刘蔚秋.物种多样性指数及其分形分析[J].植物生态学报,2002,26(4):391-395.WANG Yongfan,YU Shixiao,LIU Weiqiu. A new species diversity index and its fractal analysis[J]. Acta Phytoecologica Sinica,2002,26(4):391-395.
[18]胡婧,吴晓玲.内源微生物驱油功能菌定量化分析技术[J].生物加工过程,2016,14(3):23-26.HU Jing,WU Xiaoling. Quantification of bacteria responsible for endogenous microbial enhanced oil recovery[J]. Chinese Journal of Bioprocess Engineering,2016,14(3):23-26.
[19] RAUGALAS N J,STUKNYTE M. Identification of the genus Geobacillus using genus-specific primers,based on the 16S 23S rRNA gene internal transcribed spacer[J].Fems Microbiology Letters,2010,277(2):165-172.
[20]张雪梅,佘跃惠,黄金凤,等.大庆油田聚合物驱后油藏微生物多样性研究[J].应用与环境生物学报,2008,14(5):668-672.ZHANG Xuemei,SHE Yuehui,HUANG Jinfeng,et al.Microbial diversity of the Daqing Oilfield after polymer flooding[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology,2008,14(5):668-672.
[21] MAUNE M W,TANNER R S. Description of Anaerobaculum hydrogeniformans sp. nov.,an anaerobe that produces hydrogen from glucose,and emended description of the genus Anaerobaculum[J]. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 2012,62:832-838.
[22] MENES R J,MUXI L. Anaerobaculum mobile sp. nov.,a novel anaerobic,moderately thermophilic, peptide-fermenting bacterium that uses crotonate as an electron acceptor,and emended description of the genus Anaerobaculum[J]. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology,2002,52:157-164.
[23]伊丽娜,崔庆锋,俞理,等.内源微生物驱后油藏理化性质变化及细菌群落结构解析[J].科学技术与工程,2013,13(24):6984-6989.YI Lina,CUI Qingfeng,YU Li,et al. Physical and chemical properties change of reservoir and analysis of indigenous microbial community after original microbe flooding[J]. Science Technology and Engineering,2013,13(24):6984-6989.
[24]高配科,马挺,刘如林.油藏微生物的代谢特征和生态结构调控[J].微生物学报,2011,51(6):711-717.GAO Peike,MA Ting,LIU Rulin. Microbial metabolic characteristics and ecological controlling in petroleum reservoir[J]. Acta Microbiologica Sinica,2011,51(6):711-717.
[25]程海鹰,肖生科,马光东,等.营养注入后油藏微生物群落16S rRNA基因的T-RFLP对比分析[J].石油勘探与开发,2006,33(3):356-359,373.CHENG Haiying,XIAO Shengke,MA Guangdong,et al. 16S rRNA genes comparative analysis of microbial community in nutrient injected oil reservoir by the TRFLP method[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development,2006,33(3):356-359,373.
[26]胡婧,曹功泽,王文杰,等.沾3内源微生物驱的生物特征变化及其对驱油效果的影响[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2017,41(4):174-179.HU Jing,CAO Gongze,WANG Wenjie,et al. Change of biological features and its impact on flooding effect of indigenous MEOR in Zhan 3 block[J]. Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science),2017,41(4):174-179.
[2]修建龙,俞理,郑承纲,等.群落结构分析在微生物采油中应用[J].油气田地面工程,2010,29(2):48-50.XIU Jianlong,YU Li,ZHENG Chenggang,et al. Application of community structure in the microbial[J]. OilGasfield Surface Engineering,2010,29(2):48-50.
[3]向廷生,王莉,张敏.油藏微生物及其在石油工业中的应用[J].生物技术,2005,15(4):87-90.XIANG Tingsheng,WANG Li,ZHANG Min. Reservoir microorganism and its application in petroleum industry[J].Biotechnology,2005,15(4):87-90.
[4]李彩风,李阳,吴昕宇,等.胜利油田沾3区块油藏中Geobacillus菌的激活研究[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2016,40(1):163-167.LI Caifeng,LI Yang,WU Xinyu,et al. Study on the activation Geobaccillus species species in Zhan 3 blocks of Shengli Oilfield[J]. Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science),2016,40(1):163-167.
[5] LIU J,MA L,MU B,et al. The field pilot of microbial enhanced oil recovery in a high temperature petroleum reservoir[J]. Journal of Petroleum Science&Engineering,2005,48(3):265-271.
[6]王学忠,杨元亮,席伟军.油水过渡带薄浅层特稠油微生物开发技术:以准噶尔盆地西缘春风油田为例[J].石油勘探与开发,2016,43(4):630-635.WANG Xuezhong,YANG Yuanliang,XI Weijun. Microbial enhanced oil recovery of oil-water transitional zone in thin-shallow extra heavy oil reservoirs:a case study of Chunfeng Oilfield in western margin of Junggar Basin[J],Petroleum Exploration and Development,2016,43(4):630-635.
[7] HUANG L,YU L,LUO Z,et al. A microbial-enhanced oil recovery trial in Huabei Oilfield in China[J]. Petroleum Science&Technology,2014,32(5):584-592.
[8] LE J J,WU X L,WANG R,et al. Progress in pilot testing of microbial-enhanced oil recovery in the Daqing oilfield of North China[J]. International Biodeterioration&Biodegradation,2015,97:188-194.
[9] LI C F,LI Y,LI X M,et al. The application of microbial enhanced oil recovery technology in Shengli Oilfield[J].Petroleum Science&Technology,2015,33(5):556-560.
[10]程明明,夏添,雷光伦,等.低渗透油藏多段塞微生物驱开发指标预测[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2014(6):113-120.CHENG Mingming,XIA Tian,LEI Guanglun,et al.Development index prediction of multi-slug microbial flooding in low permeability reservoir[J]. Journal of the University of Petroleum,China(Edition of Natural Science),2014(6):113-120.
[11]艾明强,李慧,刘晓波,等.大庆油田油藏采出水的细菌群落结构[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(4):1014-1020.AI Mingqiang,LI Hui,LIU Xiaobo,et al. Bacterial community structure in production water from oil reservoirs in Daqing Oilfield[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2010,21(4):1014-1020.
[12]何延龙,张凡,柴陆军,等.注采水样微生物群落与高凝原油的相互作用[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2015,39(4):131-139.HE Yanlong,ZHANG Fan,CHAI Lujun,et al. Interaction between high-wax crude oil and the microorganism inhabiting injection and production water[J]. Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science),2015,39(4):131-139.
[13]王慧,宋智勇,郝滨,等.微生物驱产出液群落结构与现场生产动态的关系[J].石油学报,2013,34(3):535-539.WANG Hui,SONG Zhiyong,HAO Bin,et al. Relationship between structures of microbial colony in produced fluids and oil production performance in microbial flooding oil field[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica,2013,34(3):535-539.
[14]宋智勇,郭辽原,高光军,等.内源微生物驱油物模实验及其群落演变研究[J].石油钻采工艺,2010,32(1):89-93.SONG Zhiyong,GUO Liaoyuan,GAO Guangjun,et al.Succession of microbial community in physical simulation of indigenous microorganism flooding[J]. Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2010,32(1):89-93.
[15]高配科,马挺,赵玲侠,等.胜利油田沾3区块内源微生物激活剂的筛选、优化及效果评价[J].化工学报,2011,62(7):2005-2012.GAO Peike,MA Ting,ZHAO Lingxia,et al. Screening,optimization and evaluation of indigenous microorganism activation system in Zhan 3 block,Shengli Oilfield[J]. Journal of Chemical Industry and Engineering(China),2011,62(7):2005-2012.
[16]宋永亭,胡婧,吴晓玲,等.室温条件下油藏采出液微生物群落结构稳定性[J].应用与环境生物学报,2017,23(3):495-501.SONG Yongting,HU Jing,WU Xiaoling,et al. Stability of microbial community structure in reservoir water samples at room temperature[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology,2017,23(3):495-501.
[17]王永繁,余世孝,刘蔚秋.物种多样性指数及其分形分析[J].植物生态学报,2002,26(4):391-395.WANG Yongfan,YU Shixiao,LIU Weiqiu. A new species diversity index and its fractal analysis[J]. Acta Phytoecologica Sinica,2002,26(4):391-395.
[18]胡婧,吴晓玲.内源微生物驱油功能菌定量化分析技术[J].生物加工过程,2016,14(3):23-26.HU Jing,WU Xiaoling. Quantification of bacteria responsible for endogenous microbial enhanced oil recovery[J]. Chinese Journal of Bioprocess Engineering,2016,14(3):23-26.
[19] RAUGALAS N J,STUKNYTE M. Identification of the genus Geobacillus using genus-specific primers,based on the 16S 23S rRNA gene internal transcribed spacer[J].Fems Microbiology Letters,2010,277(2):165-172.
[20]张雪梅,佘跃惠,黄金凤,等.大庆油田聚合物驱后油藏微生物多样性研究[J].应用与环境生物学报,2008,14(5):668-672.ZHANG Xuemei,SHE Yuehui,HUANG Jinfeng,et al.Microbial diversity of the Daqing Oilfield after polymer flooding[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology,2008,14(5):668-672.
[21] MAUNE M W,TANNER R S. Description of Anaerobaculum hydrogeniformans sp. nov.,an anaerobe that produces hydrogen from glucose,and emended description of the genus Anaerobaculum[J]. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 2012,62:832-838.
[22] MENES R J,MUXI L. Anaerobaculum mobile sp. nov.,a novel anaerobic,moderately thermophilic, peptide-fermenting bacterium that uses crotonate as an electron acceptor,and emended description of the genus Anaerobaculum[J]. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology,2002,52:157-164.
[23]伊丽娜,崔庆锋,俞理,等.内源微生物驱后油藏理化性质变化及细菌群落结构解析[J].科学技术与工程,2013,13(24):6984-6989.YI Lina,CUI Qingfeng,YU Li,et al. Physical and chemical properties change of reservoir and analysis of indigenous microbial community after original microbe flooding[J]. Science Technology and Engineering,2013,13(24):6984-6989.
[24]高配科,马挺,刘如林.油藏微生物的代谢特征和生态结构调控[J].微生物学报,2011,51(6):711-717.GAO Peike,MA Ting,LIU Rulin. Microbial metabolic characteristics and ecological controlling in petroleum reservoir[J]. Acta Microbiologica Sinica,2011,51(6):711-717.
[25]程海鹰,肖生科,马光东,等.营养注入后油藏微生物群落16S rRNA基因的T-RFLP对比分析[J].石油勘探与开发,2006,33(3):356-359,373.CHENG Haiying,XIAO Shengke,MA Guangdong,et al. 16S rRNA genes comparative analysis of microbial community in nutrient injected oil reservoir by the TRFLP method[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development,2006,33(3):356-359,373.
[26]胡婧,曹功泽,王文杰,等.沾3内源微生物驱的生物特征变化及其对驱油效果的影响[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2017,41(4):174-179.HU Jing,CAO Gongze,WANG Wenjie,et al. Change of biological features and its impact on flooding effect of indigenous MEOR in Zhan 3 block[J]. Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science),2017,41(4):174-179.