前副车架振动特性分析及其优化设计
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摘要
为了解决某SUV在高速时产生的振动与噪声问题,基于前副车架有限元分析模型和自由模态计算对其进行振动特性分析,获取其低阶模态频率及其阵型,分析结果表明其第1阶扭转频率处于发动机激励频率范围之内,将引起前副车架产生共振,从而产生剧烈振动和噪声。基于霍克-吉维斯直接搜索法对前副车架的料厚进行优化设计,得到了各个零部件最优的厚度值,分析结果表明优化之后其前4阶模态频率均有所提高,并且均处于发动机的激励频率范围之外,能够避免发生共振,满足模态设计要求。对前副车架的优化方案进行模态试验,试验结果表明其模态频率及其阵型的测试值与仿真值基本一致。整车道路试验结果表明优化之后前副车架的振动明显减少,最终成功解决了该故障问题。
Aiming at solving a SUV vibration and noise problem caused by high speed,firstly,the front frame was vibration performance analysised by adopting its finite element analysis model and free mode calculation,the analysis results show that the first order torsion frequency is within the range of engine excitation frequency,the front subframe resonance will be caused,and the violent vibration and noise will be produced. Secondly,the front subframe thickness was optimization analysised by adopting hooke-jeeves direct search method,the each component optimal thickness were obtained. The analysis results show that the front subframe first four orders frequency are improved and outside of exceed engine excitation frequency rang,so the resonance can be effectively avoided,it can meet modal design requirements. The front subframe optimization scheme was modal test,the testing results show that modal frequency and its formation test value is consistent with the simulation value. The vehicle road test results show that the front subframe vibration was decreased obviously after optimization,so the fault problem was successfully solved.
Aiming at solving a SUV vibration and noise problem caused by high speed,firstly,the front frame was vibration performance analysised by adopting its finite element analysis model and free mode calculation,the analysis results show that the first order torsion frequency is within the range of engine excitation frequency,the front subframe resonance will be caused,and the violent vibration and noise will be produced. Secondly,the front subframe thickness was optimization analysised by adopting hooke-jeeves direct search method,the each component optimal thickness were obtained. The analysis results show that the front subframe first four orders frequency are improved and outside of exceed engine excitation frequency rang,so the resonance can be effectively avoided,it can meet modal design requirements. The front subframe optimization scheme was modal test,the testing results show that modal frequency and its formation test value is consistent with the simulation value. The vehicle road test results show that the front subframe vibration was decreased obviously after optimization,so the fault problem was successfully solved.
引文
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[15]李明,刘斌,张亮.高速列车头型气动外形关键结构参数优化设计[J].机械工程学报,2016,52(20):120-125.
[2]吴胤憧.轿车前副车架结构参数化轻量化优化设计[D].长春:吉林大学,2014.
[3]魏效玲,刘强,王佳宁,等.基于Workbench的自卸车副车架模态分析[J].煤矿机械,2015,36(11):256-258.
[4]孙风蔚,徐昊,陈杰龙,等.某车前副车架模态分析与改进[J].汽车工程学报,2012,2(4):303-306.
[5]李伟锋,朱茂桃,陆峰,等.某SUV轿车副车架模态分析的实例研究[J].噪声与振动控制,2013(3):124-127.
[6]王锐,苏小平.汽车副车架强度模态分析及结构优化[J].机械设计与制造,2015(4):152-154.
[7]杨维平,侯亮,蔡惠坤,等.基于模态分析的挖掘机发动机罩结构优化[J].机械强度,2016,38(3):537-542.
[8]张海燕.某轿车前副车架结构的有限元分析[D].长春:吉林大学,2011.
[9]孟强,郑松林,吴振.某汽车乘客安全气囊支架的随机振动强度分析与优化设计[J].机械设计与研究,2016,32(1):155-158.
[10]许兆庆,裴海龙.巡飞导弹纵向弹性动态特性分析[J].机械设计与研究,2016,32(2):175-177.
[11]靳晓雄,张立军,江浩.汽车振动分析[M].上海:同济大学出版社,2002.
[12]郑松林.基于强度与模态灵敏度分析的轿车前副车架轻量化设计[J].机械设计,2012,29(2):92-96.
[13]于壮壮.超燃冲压发动机模型壁厚优化[D].大连:大连理工大学,2015.
[14]刘峰,韩端锋,姚军.大开孔耐压球壳优化设计[J].机械设计与研究,2015,31(6):62-66.
[15]李明,刘斌,张亮.高速列车头型气动外形关键结构参数优化设计[J].机械工程学报,2016,52(20):120-125.