西南喀斯特地区耕地破碎与贫困的空间耦合关系研究
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摘要
运用博弈论优化模型确定耕地破碎度测算指标权重,通过耦合协调度模型分析耕地破碎与贫困的耦合关系,采用空间自相关和热点分析等方法,探索两者的空间关系,划分耕地破碎与贫困的耦合类型,探讨西南喀斯特地区减贫模式.结果表明:1)研究区耕地破碎度和贫困发生率均较高,具有明显的空间集聚性,且两者空间分布相对一致,即北部地区高于南部地区;2)耕地破碎与贫困的协调度值呈正态分布,以高度协调为主,空间集聚性明显,且差异性较大,耕地破碎与贫困的空间耦合相互作用和协调程度较强;3)根据耕地破碎与贫困的耦合关系,将耦合类型划分为耕地破碎度滞后型、耕地破碎与贫困同步型和贫困滞后型3种类型,并分别提出治贫模式:土地整治模式、特色农业模式和乡村旅游助模式,统筹城乡发展,助推精准扶贫.
In a study reported herein,agame theory-based optimization model was used to determine the weights of cultivated land fragmentation indexes,and the coupling coordination degree model was used to analyze the coupling relationship between cultivated land fragmentation and poverty.Spatial autocorrelation and hotspot analysis were employed to explore the spatial relationship between cultivated land fragmentation and poverty and divide their coupling types.Based on the results,a discussion was made of the poverty reduction models in Karst regions of southwest China.The results showed that both cultivated land fragmentation degree and poverty incidence rate were quite high in the study area,with obvious spatial agglomeration,and the spatial distribution of the two was relatively consistent,that is,they were higher in the northern region than in the southern region.The degree of coordination between cultivated land fragmentation and poverty presented a normal distribution,with a high degree of coordination as the main factor,obvious spatial agglomeration and large difference,and strong spatial coupling interaction and coordination between cultivated land fragmentation and poverty.According to the coupling relationship between land fragmentation and poverty,three types were identified:the land fragmentation lag type,the land fragmentation synchronization type and the poverty lag type and,accordingly,three poverty alleviation models were proposed,i.e.the land consolidation model,the characteristic agricultural model and the rural tourism assistance model,so as to coordinate urban and rural development and promote targeted poverty alleviation.
In a study reported herein,agame theory-based optimization model was used to determine the weights of cultivated land fragmentation indexes,and the coupling coordination degree model was used to analyze the coupling relationship between cultivated land fragmentation and poverty.Spatial autocorrelation and hotspot analysis were employed to explore the spatial relationship between cultivated land fragmentation and poverty and divide their coupling types.Based on the results,a discussion was made of the poverty reduction models in Karst regions of southwest China.The results showed that both cultivated land fragmentation degree and poverty incidence rate were quite high in the study area,with obvious spatial agglomeration,and the spatial distribution of the two was relatively consistent,that is,they were higher in the northern region than in the southern region.The degree of coordination between cultivated land fragmentation and poverty presented a normal distribution,with a high degree of coordination as the main factor,obvious spatial agglomeration and large difference,and strong spatial coupling interaction and coordination between cultivated land fragmentation and poverty.According to the coupling relationship between land fragmentation and poverty,three types were identified:the land fragmentation lag type,the land fragmentation synchronization type and the poverty lag type and,accordingly,three poverty alleviation models were proposed,i.e.the land consolidation model,the characteristic agricultural model and the rural tourism assistance model,so as to coordinate urban and rural development and promote targeted poverty alleviation.
引文
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[23]张建军,张晓萍,王继军,等.1949-2008年黄土高原沟壑区农业生态经济系统耦合分析—以陕西长武县为例[J].应用生态学报,2011,22(3):755-762.
[24]汪德根,孙枫.长江经济带陆路交通可达性与城镇化空间耦合协调度[J].地理科学.2018,38(7):1089-1096.
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[26]陈帷胜,冯秀丽,马仁锋,等.耕地破碎度评价方法与实证研究——以浙江省宁波市为例[J].中国土地科学,2016,30(5):80-87.
[27]谭淑豪,曲福田,尼克·哈瑞柯.土地细碎化的成因及其影响因素分析[J].中国农村观察,2003(6):24-30+74.
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[29]李鑫,欧名豪,马贤磊.基于景观指数的细碎化对耕地利用效率影响研究——以扬州市里下河区域为例[J].自然资源学报,2011,26(10):1758-1767.
[30]傅伯杰,陈利顶,马克明,等.景观生态学原理及应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2011:202-203.
[31]刘耀彬,李仁东,宋学锋.中国城市化与生态环境耦合度分析[J].自然资源学报,2005,20(1):105-112.
[32]韦燕飞,何彦谚,童新华.耕地破碎化与区域贫困空间格局及耦合协调发展研究——以百色市田阳县贫困村为例[J].广西师范学院学报(自然科学版),2017,34(4):87-97.
[2] CARTER M R,BARRETT C B.The Economics of Poverty Traps and Persistent Poverty:An Asset-Based Approach[J].Journal of Development Studies,2006,42(2):178-199.
[3] Harding D J.Counterfactual Models of Neighborhood Effects:The Effect of Neighborhood Poverty on Dropping Out and Teenage Pregnancy[J].American Journal of Sociology,2003,109(3):676-719.
[4] ALKIRE S,FOSTER J.Counting and Multidimensional Poverty Measurement[J].Journal of Public Economics,2011,95(7-8):476-487.
[5] SEN A.Poverty and Famines:An Essay on Entitlements and Deprivation[M].Oxford:Clarendon Press,1981.
[6] PUPASINGHA A,GOETZ S J.Social and Political Forces as Determinants of Poverty:A Spatial Analysis[J].The Journal of Socio-Economics,2007,36(4):650-671.
[7]王艳慧,钱乐毅,陈烨烽,等.生态贫困视角下的贫困县多维贫困综合度量[J].应用生态学报,2017,28(8):2677-2686.
[8]丁建军,冷志明,殷强.生态扶贫研究[J].吉首大学学报(社会科学版),2018,39(4):70-75.
[9] GIESBERT L,SCHINDLER K.Assets,Shocks,and Poverty Traps in Rural Mozambique[J].World Development,2012,40(8):1594-1609.
[10]余梦洁,丁东洋.情与理的耦合:精准识别的基层实践逻辑与案例分析——以江西省X县实践为例[J].中国农业资源与区划,2018,39(4):237-243.
[11]王小林,ALKIRE S.中国多维贫困测量:估计和政策含义[J].中国农村经济,2009(12):4-10,23.
[12]罗庆,樊新生,高更和,等.秦巴山区贫困村的空间分布特征及其影响因素[J].经济地理,2016,36(4):126-132.
[13]刘彦随,李进涛.中国县域农村贫困化分异机制的地理探测与优化决策[J].地理学报,2017,72(1):161-173.
[14]杨振,江琪,刘会敏,等.中国农村居民多维贫困测度与空间格局[J].经济地理,2015,35(12):148-153.
[15]孙林,王艳慧,柯文俊,等.内蒙古自治区农村人口多维贫困特征测算与分析[J].人文地理,2016,36(1):108-115+146.
[16]蔡进,廖和平,邱道持,等.重庆市农村耕地资源贫困测度及空间格局研究[J].农业工程学报,2017,33(18):251-259.
[17]SULLIVAN C A,MEIGH J R,GIACOMELLO A M.The Water Poverty Index:Development and Application at the Community Scale[J].Natural Resources Forum,2003,27(3):189-199.
[18]罗刚,廖和平,李涛,等.重庆市贫困村空间分布格局特征分析[J].西南大学学报(自然科学版),2018,40(8):67-76.
[19]李义龙,廖和平,李涛,等.都市近郊区乡村性评价及精准脱贫模式研究—以重庆市渝北区138个行政村为例[J].西南大学学报(自然科学版),2018,40(8):56-66.
[20]李律.基于VAR模型的湖北省耕地资源与经济增长的关系研究[J].当代经济,2014(7):125-129.
[21]童彦,朱海燕,施玉.云南省耕地资源变化与经济发展的动态响应研究[J].资源开发与市场,2015,31(1):57-59,107.
[22]李二玲,崔之珍.中国区域创新能力与经济发展水平的耦合协调分析[J].地理科学,2018,38(9):1412-1421.
[23]张建军,张晓萍,王继军,等.1949-2008年黄土高原沟壑区农业生态经济系统耦合分析—以陕西长武县为例[J].应用生态学报,2011,22(3):755-762.
[24]汪德根,孙枫.长江经济带陆路交通可达性与城镇化空间耦合协调度[J].地理科学.2018,38(7):1089-1096.
[25]王艳慧,钱乐毅,陈烨烽,等.生态贫困视角下的贫困县多维贫困综合度量[J].应用生态学报,2017,28(8):2677-2686.
[26]陈帷胜,冯秀丽,马仁锋,等.耕地破碎度评价方法与实证研究——以浙江省宁波市为例[J].中国土地科学,2016,30(5):80-87.
[27]谭淑豪,曲福田,尼克·哈瑞柯.土地细碎化的成因及其影响因素分析[J].中国农村观察,2003(6):24-30+74.
[28]FORMAN R T T,GODRON M.Landscape Ecology[M].New York:Wiley,1986:599-600.
[29]李鑫,欧名豪,马贤磊.基于景观指数的细碎化对耕地利用效率影响研究——以扬州市里下河区域为例[J].自然资源学报,2011,26(10):1758-1767.
[30]傅伯杰,陈利顶,马克明,等.景观生态学原理及应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2011:202-203.
[31]刘耀彬,李仁东,宋学锋.中国城市化与生态环境耦合度分析[J].自然资源学报,2005,20(1):105-112.
[32]韦燕飞,何彦谚,童新华.耕地破碎化与区域贫困空间格局及耦合协调发展研究——以百色市田阳县贫困村为例[J].广西师范学院学报(自然科学版),2017,34(4):87-97.