内源性扶贫视角下民族贫困地区脱贫路径研究——以加哈乌拉斯台乡库克拜村为例
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摘要
民族贫困地区人口生计脆弱、经济发展滞后,集中表现为物质资本匮乏、人力资本低下、社会资本不足的多维贫困。在2020年时间节点约束下,确保实现全面建成小康社会目标,民族贫困地区需遵循内源性发展理念,构建以内生动力培育,多元主体参与的贫困治理框架,逐步打造一种以政府扶贫资源为依托,以培育内源性发展能力为动力机制,以内源资源开发为增收模式的可持续性、稳定脱贫路径。结合库克拜村减贫实践分析发现,政策、行政、制度等扶贫资源有序推进,在物质资本层面实现贫困有效干预;民族贫困地区实现从外部资源推动到内在素质提升转型,贫困群体由"被动脱贫"向"主动脱贫"转变;基于优势草场资源开发,民族贫困地区人口生计多样化,脱贫稳定性稳步提升。
Ethnic poverty-stricken areas have fragile livelihoods and lagging economic development. They are concentrated in the multi-dimensional poverty of lack of material capital, low human capital, and insufficient social capital. Under the constraints of time and node in 2020, we will ensure the goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way. Ethnic poverty-stricken areas need to follow the concept of endogenous development, build a poverty governance framework that fosters endogenous dynamics and participates in multiple subjects, and gradually build a government poverty alleviation resource, relying on the development of endogenous development capacity as the driving mechanism and endogenous resource development as the sustainable mode of sustainable income and stable poverty alleviation. Combined with the practice of poverty alleviation in Kukebai village, it is found that the poverty alleviation resources such as policy, administration and system are promoted in an orderly manner, and effective intervention of poverty is realized at the level of material capital, the poverty-stricken areas are promoted from external resources to internal quality improvement, and the poor groups are from "passive poverty alleviation to "active poverty alleviation", based on the development of superior grassland resources, the population of ethnic poverty areas is diversified and the stability of poverty alleviation is steadily increasing.
Ethnic poverty-stricken areas have fragile livelihoods and lagging economic development. They are concentrated in the multi-dimensional poverty of lack of material capital, low human capital, and insufficient social capital. Under the constraints of time and node in 2020, we will ensure the goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way. Ethnic poverty-stricken areas need to follow the concept of endogenous development, build a poverty governance framework that fosters endogenous dynamics and participates in multiple subjects, and gradually build a government poverty alleviation resource, relying on the development of endogenous development capacity as the driving mechanism and endogenous resource development as the sustainable mode of sustainable income and stable poverty alleviation. Combined with the practice of poverty alleviation in Kukebai village, it is found that the poverty alleviation resources such as policy, administration and system are promoted in an orderly manner, and effective intervention of poverty is realized at the level of material capital, the poverty-stricken areas are promoted from external resources to internal quality improvement, and the poor groups are from "passive poverty alleviation to "active poverty alleviation", based on the development of superior grassland resources, the population of ethnic poverty areas is diversified and the stability of poverty alleviation is steadily increasing.
引文
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[14]刘七军,李昭楠.精准扶贫视角下连片特困区贫困农户自我发展能力提升研究[J].北方民族大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2016(4):107-110.
[15]方劲.乡村发展干预中的内源性内能建设:一项西南村庄的行动研究[J].中国农村观察,2013(4):31-41.
[16]李小云,许汉泽. 2020年后扶贫工作的若干思考[J].国家行政学院学报,2018(1):62-66,149-150.
[17]代正光.国内外扶贫研究现状及其对精准扶贫的启示[J].甘肃理论学刊,2016(4):143-147.
[18]杨冠英.贵州省丹寨县产业扶贫的“三带”模式[J].安徽农业科学,2017,45(28):231-232,250.
[2]雷明.论习近平扶贫攻坚战略思想[J].南京农业大学学报(社会科学版),2018,18(1):1-11,160.
[3]左停.打好“三大攻坚战”/“精准脱贫机制创新”系列笔谈之四乡土资源、知识体系与精准脱贫的内源扶贫机制[J].改革,2017(10):61-64.
[4]郑瑞强,曹国庆.基于大数据思维的精准扶贫机制研究[J].贵州社会科学,2015(8):163-168.
[5]覃志敏.连片特困地区农村贫困治理转型:内源性扶贫:以滇西北波多罗村为例[J].中国农业大学学报(社会科学版),2015,32(6):5-11.
[6]刘永富.打赢全面建成小康社会的扶贫攻坚战:深入学习贯彻习近平同志关于扶贫开发的重要讲话精神[N].人民日报,2014-04-09.
[7]李伟.习近平关于脱贫工作的基本方略及其内在逻辑关系[J].学习论坛,2016,32(12):35-39.
[8]熊若愚.习近平扶贫开发思想初步研究[J].新东方,2015(4):27-30.
[9]黄承伟,覃志敏.我国内源式扶贫:理论基础与实施机制[J].中国农村研究,2015(1):129-146.
[10]陈和.我国扶贫开发工作方略探析[J].温州大学学报(社会科学版),2017,30(3):38-45.
[11]牛胜强.多维视角下深度贫困地区脱贫攻坚困境及战略路径选择[J].理论月刊,2017(12):146-150.
[12]邓万春.内生或内源性发展理论[J].理论月刊,2011(4):44-46.
[13]朱启臻,胡方萌.柔性扶贫:一个依靠乡村自身力量脱贫的案例[J].中国农业大学学报(社会科学版),2017,34(5):119-126.
[14]刘七军,李昭楠.精准扶贫视角下连片特困区贫困农户自我发展能力提升研究[J].北方民族大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2016(4):107-110.
[15]方劲.乡村发展干预中的内源性内能建设:一项西南村庄的行动研究[J].中国农村观察,2013(4):31-41.
[16]李小云,许汉泽. 2020年后扶贫工作的若干思考[J].国家行政学院学报,2018(1):62-66,149-150.
[17]代正光.国内外扶贫研究现状及其对精准扶贫的启示[J].甘肃理论学刊,2016(4):143-147.
[18]杨冠英.贵州省丹寨县产业扶贫的“三带”模式[J].安徽农业科学,2017,45(28):231-232,250.