北京市城区高中生艾滋病知识态度及性行为趋势分析
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摘要
目的了解北京市城区高中生艾滋病知识态度及性行为流行趋势,寻找未来可能的干预重点。方法使用2005、2008、2014年北京市青少年健康危险行为调查中城区高中生的数据,分性别、学校类型和年级进行流行趋势描述,采用χ~2检验或logistic单因素回归进行显著性检验。结果北京市城区高中生接受过艾滋病教育的报告率呈逐年上升趋势,男生2005、2008、2014年报告率分别为45.0%、66.2%和73.8%,女生分别为49.7%、70.1%和77.4%;但知识水平、正向态度报告率均呈现先升高后降低的趋势。在2005、2008、2014年,职业技术学校学生和高一年级学生正确回答艾滋病病原体报告率均最低,分别为65.7%、66.5%、42.7%和71.5%、82.4%、54.6%。职业技术学校学生性行为和被迫性行为报告率在各调查年均最高,分别为10.8%、15.5%、11.2%和3.0%、3.2%、4.4%;2014年,重点高中、普通高中、高一、高二学生对来自家长方面的性教育需求上升至需求途径的前三位。结论在开展艾滋病教育时,应该注意健康教育的教育效果,针对不同群体学生的特征和需求设计相应的干预方式。
Objective To describe change trends in AIDS-related knowledge, attitude and sexual behavior among high school students in urban Beijing and to explore main intervention measures in future. Methods The data on a total of 17 624 urban senior high school and vocational and technical students were extracted from the dataset of three waves of Beijing Youth Health Hazard Behavior Survey conducted in 2005, 2008 and 2014. The trends in AIDS-related knowledge, attitude and sexual behavior were described and compared by gender, school type and grade. Chi-square and logistic regression were used to analyze the data. Results The proportion of participants receiving AIDS-related health education increased during the period, with the ratios of 45.0%, 66.2%, and 73.8% for the boy students and 49.7%, 70.1%, and 77.4% for the girl students in 2005, 2008, and 2014, respectively. However, the knowledge level and the prevalence rate of positive attitude showed a decreasing trend after their initial increase. Lower ratios for correctly answering the question about the pathogen of AIDS were observed among vocational and technical school students(65.7%, 66.5%, and 42.7%) and senior high students of grade one(71.5%, 82.4%, and 54.6%) in the surveys conducted in 2005, 2008, and 2014. The vocational and technical school students reported the highest rates of sexual behavior(10.8%, 15.5%, and 11.2%) and forced sexual behavior(3.0%, 3.2%,and 4.4%) in the surveys conducted in 2005, 2008, and 2014. The sexual education from parents became one of the top three sources of AIDS-related knowledge among all the senior high school students of grade one and two in the survey conducted in 2014. Conclusion AIDS-related health education programs should be developed according to characteristics and requirements of different groups among high school students for efficient intervention.
Objective To describe change trends in AIDS-related knowledge, attitude and sexual behavior among high school students in urban Beijing and to explore main intervention measures in future. Methods The data on a total of 17 624 urban senior high school and vocational and technical students were extracted from the dataset of three waves of Beijing Youth Health Hazard Behavior Survey conducted in 2005, 2008 and 2014. The trends in AIDS-related knowledge, attitude and sexual behavior were described and compared by gender, school type and grade. Chi-square and logistic regression were used to analyze the data. Results The proportion of participants receiving AIDS-related health education increased during the period, with the ratios of 45.0%, 66.2%, and 73.8% for the boy students and 49.7%, 70.1%, and 77.4% for the girl students in 2005, 2008, and 2014, respectively. However, the knowledge level and the prevalence rate of positive attitude showed a decreasing trend after their initial increase. Lower ratios for correctly answering the question about the pathogen of AIDS were observed among vocational and technical school students(65.7%, 66.5%, and 42.7%) and senior high students of grade one(71.5%, 82.4%, and 54.6%) in the surveys conducted in 2005, 2008, and 2014. The vocational and technical school students reported the highest rates of sexual behavior(10.8%, 15.5%, and 11.2%) and forced sexual behavior(3.0%, 3.2%,and 4.4%) in the surveys conducted in 2005, 2008, and 2014. The sexual education from parents became one of the top three sources of AIDS-related knowledge among all the senior high school students of grade one and two in the survey conducted in 2014. Conclusion AIDS-related health education programs should be developed according to characteristics and requirements of different groups among high school students for efficient intervention.
引文
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[13]纪安琼,王儒芳,奉雪东,等.成都市青羊区中学生艾滋病认知情况研究[J].中国城乡企业卫生,2017(9):47-48.
[14]唐悦能,李文峰.中学生对艾滋病知识认知情况和行为意向的性别差异分析[J].数理医药学杂志,2017,30(1):70-72.
[15]丁亮蕾,林鹏,沈少君,等.广东省2007-2013年中等职业学校学生艾滋病相关知识、行为及影响因素分析[J].华南预防医学,2017(1):7-11.
[16]Guo W,Wu Z,Schimmele CM,et al.Condom use at sexual debut among Chinese youth[J].Journal of Biosocial Science,2014,46(2):139-154.
[17]葛琳,崔岩,李东民,等.青年学生2010-2015年艾滋病相关性行为连续横断面研究[J].中国学校卫生,2015,36(11):1611-1613.
[18]黄亚阳,马迎华,胡翼飞,等.我国15省大学生首次性行为发生年龄及影响因素[J].首都公共卫生,2017,11(3):99-102.
[19]黄晓光,何继绥,田春辉.大学生艾滋病防治知识态度行为调查[J].中国公共卫生,2015,31(2):249-251.
[20]孔庆滨,王云,张晓璐,等.大学生对艾滋病认知及性行为调查[J].中国公共卫生,2016,32(9):1252-1254.
[21]王香梅.大学生艾滋病知识知晓及需求情况调查[J].中国公共卫生,2017,33(4):674-677.
[22]Nagamatsu M,Sato T,Nakagawa A,et al.HIV prevention through extended education encompassing students,parents,and teachers in Japan[J].Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine,2011,16(6):350-362.
[23]Edwards LL,Reis JS.A five step process for interactive parentadolescent communication about HIV prevention:advice from parents living with HIV/AIDS[J].Journal of HIV/AIDS and Social Services,2014,13(1):59-78.
[24]Stanton B,Wang B,Deveaux L,et al.Assessing the effects of a complementary parent intervention and prior exposure to a preadolescent program of HIV risk reduction for midadolescents[J].American Journal of Public Health,2015,105(3):575-583.
[25]王怡欣,马迎华,张冰,等.中国部分省市大学生艾滋病知识来源及知晓情况分析[J].中国学校卫生,2017,38(5):657-659.
[2]中国疾病预防控制中心.2016年12月全国艾滋病性病疫情[J].中国艾滋病性病,2017(2):93.
[3]国家卫生和计划生育委员会.2016中国卫生和计划生育统计年鉴[M].北京:中国协和医科大学出版社,2016.
[4]顾晓敏,姜海波,史宏博,等.宁波市学生2004-2016年艾滋病感染情况分析[J].中国学校卫生,2017(6):948-949.
[5]农全兴,岑平,邓小芳,等.南宁市2010-2015年青年学生艾滋病疫情及高危行为特征[J].中国学校卫生,2017(11):1682-1684.
[6]彭中,吴学庆,刘芳,等.成都市大中学生2011-2015年艾滋病流行特征分析[J].中国学校卫生,2016(10):1526-1531.
[7]Brener ND,Kann L,Kinchen SA,et al.Methodology of the youth risk behavior surveillance system[J].Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report Recommendations and Reports,2004,53(RR-12):1-13.
[8]YRBS Questionnaire Content 1991-2017[EB/OL].[2017.12.10].https://www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/data/yrbs/pdf/2017/YRBS_quest ionnaire_content_1991-2017.pdf.
[9]陈晓滨,程伟彬,徐慧芳,等.广州市中学生艾滋病知识知晓情况及其影响因素[J].中国学校卫生,2017,38(3):361-363.
[10]多吉旺姆,马玉桂,孙剑,等.西藏2015年青年学生艾滋病知识与高危行为及感染情况分析[J].中国艾滋病性病,2017(10):918-920.
[11]肖民扬,卢冉,宋丽军,等.云南省2015与2005年青少年学生艾滋病知识知晓率比较[J].中国学校卫生,2016,37(12):1821-1823.
[12]中华人民共和国国务院.中国遏制与防治艾滋病“十三五”行动计划[EB/OL].[2017-12-10].http://www.nhfpc.gov.cn/bgt/gwywj2/201702/eb847be7042a4e72ad661da455b2b704.shtml.
[13]纪安琼,王儒芳,奉雪东,等.成都市青羊区中学生艾滋病认知情况研究[J].中国城乡企业卫生,2017(9):47-48.
[14]唐悦能,李文峰.中学生对艾滋病知识认知情况和行为意向的性别差异分析[J].数理医药学杂志,2017,30(1):70-72.
[15]丁亮蕾,林鹏,沈少君,等.广东省2007-2013年中等职业学校学生艾滋病相关知识、行为及影响因素分析[J].华南预防医学,2017(1):7-11.
[16]Guo W,Wu Z,Schimmele CM,et al.Condom use at sexual debut among Chinese youth[J].Journal of Biosocial Science,2014,46(2):139-154.
[17]葛琳,崔岩,李东民,等.青年学生2010-2015年艾滋病相关性行为连续横断面研究[J].中国学校卫生,2015,36(11):1611-1613.
[18]黄亚阳,马迎华,胡翼飞,等.我国15省大学生首次性行为发生年龄及影响因素[J].首都公共卫生,2017,11(3):99-102.
[19]黄晓光,何继绥,田春辉.大学生艾滋病防治知识态度行为调查[J].中国公共卫生,2015,31(2):249-251.
[20]孔庆滨,王云,张晓璐,等.大学生对艾滋病认知及性行为调查[J].中国公共卫生,2016,32(9):1252-1254.
[21]王香梅.大学生艾滋病知识知晓及需求情况调查[J].中国公共卫生,2017,33(4):674-677.
[22]Nagamatsu M,Sato T,Nakagawa A,et al.HIV prevention through extended education encompassing students,parents,and teachers in Japan[J].Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine,2011,16(6):350-362.
[23]Edwards LL,Reis JS.A five step process for interactive parentadolescent communication about HIV prevention:advice from parents living with HIV/AIDS[J].Journal of HIV/AIDS and Social Services,2014,13(1):59-78.
[24]Stanton B,Wang B,Deveaux L,et al.Assessing the effects of a complementary parent intervention and prior exposure to a preadolescent program of HIV risk reduction for midadolescents[J].American Journal of Public Health,2015,105(3):575-583.
[25]王怡欣,马迎华,张冰,等.中国部分省市大学生艾滋病知识来源及知晓情况分析[J].中国学校卫生,2017,38(5):657-659.