供需动态平衡视角下的供给侧结构性改革——兼论其微观基础与制度保障
|
摘要
供需关系并非处于静态,而是在结构上处于不断调整变化的动态过程中。供给不仅要沿着需求侧要求去适应和调整,关键还在于通过供给侧转换升级创造更多的有效供给以引领需求,拓展有效需求的规模及结构,达到更高层次的供需平衡。推进供给侧结构性改革实现的根本路径在于要素资源优化配置、技术创新和应用,提升全要素生产率,助力经济持续增长。必须健全产权制度体系以激发和保护企业家精神,为推进供给侧结构性改革夯实微观基础提供重要的制度保障。
The relationship between supply and demand is not static,but a dynamic process of constant adjustment and change in structure totally.The supply is not only to adapt to the requirements of the demand side,or to adjust and change itself to conform to the structure of requirements according to the change in demand.The key point lies in creating more effective supply through the supply-side technology innovation and application to cause the demand to happen,and expanding the scale and structure of the effective demand,and constantly achieving the balance of supply and demand at a higher level.The fundamental approach to push the structural reform of supply side is to boost total factor productivity so as to push long-term growth of economy through optimizing the allocation of factor resources,technological innovation and application.For accomplishing it,as the most important institution guarantee the well-established system of property rights must be taken hold to stimulate and protect the entrepreneurial spirit,and to lay a solid foundation for the structural reform of the supply side.
The relationship between supply and demand is not static,but a dynamic process of constant adjustment and change in structure totally.The supply is not only to adapt to the requirements of the demand side,or to adjust and change itself to conform to the structure of requirements according to the change in demand.The key point lies in creating more effective supply through the supply-side technology innovation and application to cause the demand to happen,and expanding the scale and structure of the effective demand,and constantly achieving the balance of supply and demand at a higher level.The fundamental approach to push the structural reform of supply side is to boost total factor productivity so as to push long-term growth of economy through optimizing the allocation of factor resources,technological innovation and application.For accomplishing it,as the most important institution guarantee the well-established system of property rights must be taken hold to stimulate and protect the entrepreneurial spirit,and to lay a solid foundation for the structural reform of the supply side.
引文
[1]胡鞍钢,周绍杰,任皓.供给侧结构性改革---适应和引领中国经济新常态[J].清华大学学报:哲学社会科学版,2016,(2):17-22.
[2]黄凯南.供给侧和需求侧的共同演化:基于演化增长的视角[J].南方经济,2015,(12):1-9.
[3]纪明,许春慧.论中国当前供需结构性改革思路---基于供需转换与经济持续均衡增长视角[J].社会科学,2017,(1):30-39.
[4]董敏杰,梁泳梅,张其仔.中国工业产能利用率:行业比较、地区差距及影响因素[J].经济研究,2015,(1):84-96.
[5]吴敬琏.不能把“供给侧结构性改革”和“调结构”混为一谈[J].中国经贸导刊,2016,(10):33-34.
[6][美]威廉·鲍莫尔.企业家精神[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社,2010.
[7][美]诺思.制度、制度变迁与经济绩效[M].上海:格致出版社,上海人民出版社,2014.
[8][美]阿西莫格鲁,罗宾逊.国家为什么会失败[M].长沙:湖南科学技术出版社,2015.
[9][南]平乔维奇.产权经济学---一种关于比较体制的理论[M].北京:经济科学出版社,1999.
[10][德]柯武刚,史漫飞.制度经济学:社会秩序与公共政策[M].北京:商务印书馆,2000.
[11]卢现祥.供给侧结构性改革:从资源重新配置追赶型经济转向创新驱动型经济[J].人文杂志,2017,(1):1-13.
(1)假定经济体仅存在两个抽象化产业市场---供给过剩与有效供给不足,但不考虑开放经济的情形。
(2)产能过剩是指显著超过实际需求的生产能力,并非一定意味着产出过剩,但为分析需要本文把产能过剩等同于产出过剩。
(3)这里进一步假定Y(S1)-Y(D)=Y(D)-Y(S2),即供给过剩的部分刚好可以与供给不足的部分相互抵消。
(1)假定稳态下总产出Y的潜在增长率恒定,即Y增长路径的斜率保持不变。
[2]黄凯南.供给侧和需求侧的共同演化:基于演化增长的视角[J].南方经济,2015,(12):1-9.
[3]纪明,许春慧.论中国当前供需结构性改革思路---基于供需转换与经济持续均衡增长视角[J].社会科学,2017,(1):30-39.
[4]董敏杰,梁泳梅,张其仔.中国工业产能利用率:行业比较、地区差距及影响因素[J].经济研究,2015,(1):84-96.
[5]吴敬琏.不能把“供给侧结构性改革”和“调结构”混为一谈[J].中国经贸导刊,2016,(10):33-34.
[6][美]威廉·鲍莫尔.企业家精神[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社,2010.
[7][美]诺思.制度、制度变迁与经济绩效[M].上海:格致出版社,上海人民出版社,2014.
[8][美]阿西莫格鲁,罗宾逊.国家为什么会失败[M].长沙:湖南科学技术出版社,2015.
[9][南]平乔维奇.产权经济学---一种关于比较体制的理论[M].北京:经济科学出版社,1999.
[10][德]柯武刚,史漫飞.制度经济学:社会秩序与公共政策[M].北京:商务印书馆,2000.
[11]卢现祥.供给侧结构性改革:从资源重新配置追赶型经济转向创新驱动型经济[J].人文杂志,2017,(1):1-13.
(1)假定经济体仅存在两个抽象化产业市场---供给过剩与有效供给不足,但不考虑开放经济的情形。
(2)产能过剩是指显著超过实际需求的生产能力,并非一定意味着产出过剩,但为分析需要本文把产能过剩等同于产出过剩。
(3)这里进一步假定Y(S1)-Y(D)=Y(D)-Y(S2),即供给过剩的部分刚好可以与供给不足的部分相互抵消。
(1)假定稳态下总产出Y的潜在增长率恒定,即Y增长路径的斜率保持不变。